在JS textContent更改上触发CSS动画

Question

I am basically creating a simple quiz app. Right now when the question is wrong, it updates the textContent of the question space to let the user know that they were wrong. Then after a setTimeOut, it changes it back to the question again.

That works fine as things stand. Right now though those changes happen instantly and I want them to fade out then in. Ive been trying to figure out just by changing opacity though right now nothing is affect it. So I figure I am either setting the animation incorrectly (very possible), or I am doing something wrong in the JavaScript.

So what I am looking for:

1. FadeIn the new textContent telling the user that the question was wrong
2. Wait 1 second 3.FadeOut the newTextContent and replace with the old question content.

For 1 and 3: I am thinking it can be done creating a simple Keyframe animation then reversing it. (opacity 100 to 0% then opacity 0% to 100).

2. I can wait the 1 second with my setTimeout as things stand now, I just am not sure how to make sure the animation triggers to do the fadeEffect.

I am using Vanilla Js (prefer no Jquery) could someone point me in the right direction here?

Jsfiddle : https://jsfiddle.net/ubw97kfe/ Ive added comments to point to the particular code elements I am referencing.

 // Title of Question Set const title = document.querySelector(".input_title-input"); // Array of Questions const questions = []; let chosen = []; // Selected Question let qChosen = []; // Toggles if a new question is selected let toggle = 0; // Selecting Inputs and Button let question = document.querySelector(".input_question-input"); let answer = document.querySelector(".input_answer-input"); let submit = document.querySelector(".input_submit-button"); let display = document.querySelector(".input_display"); let card = document.querySelector(".card_container"); let start = document.querySelector(".input_start-btn"); let guessInput = document.querySelector(".guess_input"); let submitGuess = document.querySelector(".submitGuess"); let nextQuestion = document.querySelector(".nextQuestion"); // Select all display items let displayItems = document.getElementsByClassName("input_display-item"); // Select LI quiz card values let cardQuestion = document.querySelector(".quiz_question"); let cardAnswer = document.querySelector(".quiz_answer"); // Event Listener on Submit Button for Display Items Idividually submit.addEventListener("click", function() { if (question.value === "" || answer.value === "") { question.classList.toggle("error"); answer.classList.toggle("error"); } else { createObj(); let trashCan = createDisplayItem(); trashCan.dataset.index = questions.length - 1; trashCan.addEventListener("click", function(e) { start.disabled = true; questions.splice(this.dataset.index, 1); // this.parentNode.remove(); let thisItem = this.parentNode; fadeOutIn(thisItem, 1000); console.log(questions.length); }); inputReset(); toggle = questions.length; start.removeAttribute("disabled"); console.log(questions.length); } }); start.addEventListener("click", function() { generateCard(); hideInputs(); }); /* ============================================ ==============================================*/ // Event Listener to test if guess is correct submitGuess.addEventListener("click", function() { if (guessInput.value.toLowerCase() === qChosen.answer.toLowerCase()) { card.classList.toggle("flip"); submitGuess.disabled = true; } else { // Insert wrong message here cardQuestion.textContent = "You have guessed incorrectly. Please Try Again"; // SetTimeout to reset back to Chosen Question setTimeout(function(){ cardQuestion.textContent = qChosen.question; }, 1000); } }); /* ============================================ ==============================================*/ // Selects the Next question nextQuestion.addEventListener("click", function() { card.classList.toggle("flip"); guessInput.value = ""; submitGuess.disabled = false; setTimeout(generateCard, 1000); }); // Create The object for inclusion to array function createObj() { let obj = {}; obj.question = question.value; obj.answer = answer.value; questions.push(obj); } // Resets inputs to blank after submit function inputReset() { question.value = ""; answer.value = ""; if (question.classList.contains("error")) { question.classList.toggle("error"); answer.classList.toggle("error"); } } // Creates Each Display Item function createDisplayItem() { // Create new Div let newUl = document.createElement("ul"); // Create Li and Image Elements let liQuestion = document.createElement("li"); let liAnswer = document.createElement("li"); let trashCan = document.createElement("img"); // Set img src trashCan.src = "../assets/trash.svg"; // Set classes newUl.className = "input_display-item"; liQuestion.className = "input_display-question"; liAnswer.className = "input_display-answer"; trashCan.className = "input_display-delete"; // Set LI textContent liQuestion.textContent = question.value; liAnswer.textContent = answer.value; // Append Children display.appendChild(newUl); newUl.appendChild(liQuestion); newUl.appendChild(liAnswer); return newUl.appendChild(trashCan); } //Generating Card Information per question function generateCard() { random(); if (toggle < 0) { cardQuestion.textContent = "There are no more questions left"; cardAnswer.textContent = "There are no more questions left"; } else { cardQuestion.textContent = qChosen.question; cardAnswer.textContent = qChosen.answer; } } // Choses a random value for the selection set function random() { if (questions.length === 0) { toggle = -1; } else { let num = Math.floor(Math.random() * questions.length); chosen = questions.splice(num, 1).concat(chosen); qChosen = chosen[0]; } } // hides all the inputs when start quiz is selected function hideInputs(){ for(let i = 0; i < displayItems.length; i++){ fadeOutIn(displayItems[i], 1000); } } // FadeOut the display items when trashCan is clicked. function fadeOutIn(elem, speed){ if(!elem.style.opacity){ elem.style.opacity = 1; } var outInterval = setInterval(function(){ elem.style.opacity -= 0.02; if(elem.style.opacity <=0){ clearInterval(outInterval); elem.remove(); } }, speed/50) } 

 /** Variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/ /** Reset ---------------------------------------------------------*/ * { margin: 0; padding: 0; } *, *::before, *::after { -webkit-box-sizing: inherit; box-sizing: inherit; } html { -webkit-box-sizing: border-box; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 62.5%; } body { font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.5; font-size: 2rem; background-color: #bdbdc7; } /** Primary Container ---------------------------------------------------------*/ .container { max-width: 180rem; display: -webkit-box; display: -ms-flexbox; display: flex; } .flex { display: -webkit-box; display: -ms-flexbox; display: flex; -webkit-box-pack: center; -ms-flex-pack: center; justify-content: center; -webkit-box-align: center; -ms-flex-align: center; align-items: center; } .fadeOut { visibility: hidden; transition: all 0.5s ease-out; } /** Input Section ---------------------------------------------------------*/ input[type="text"] { padding: 0.5rem; width: auto; min-width: 100%; line-height: 2rem; } .input { width: 40rem; height: 100vh; padding: 1rem; background-color: #ccc; display: -webkit-box; display: -ms-flexbox; display: flex; -webkit-box-align: start; -ms-flex-align: start; align-items: flex-start; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; -webkit-box-direction: normal; -ms-flex-direction: column; flex-direction: column; } .input_title { width: 100%; display: -webkit-box; display: -ms-flexbox; display: flex; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; -webkit-box-direction: normal; -ms-flex-direction: column; flex-direction: column; } .input_title-label { display: -webkit-box; display: -ms-flexbox; display: flex; -webkit-box-pack: center; -ms-flex-pack: center; justify-content: center; } .input_title-input { padding: 0.5rem; } .input_question { width: 100%; display: -webkit-box; display: -ms-flexbox; display: flex; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; -webkit-box-direction: normal; -ms-flex-direction: column; flex-direction: column; } .input_question-label { display: -webkit-box; display: -ms-flexbox; display: flex; -webkit-box-pack: center; -ms-flex-pack: center; justify-content: center; } .input_question-input { padding: 0.5rem; } .input_answer { width: 100%; display: -webkit-box; display: -ms-flexbox; display: flex; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; -webkit-box-direction: normal; -ms-flex-direction: column; flex-direction: column; } .input_answer-label { display: -webkit-box; display: -ms-flexbox; display: flex; -webkit-box-pack: center; -ms-flex-pack: center; justify-content: center; } .input_answer-input { padding: 0.5rem; } .input_question-input.error, .input_answer-input.error { border: 2px red solid; } .input_submit { width: 100%; } .input_submit-button { margin-top: 1rem; padding: 0 1.5rem; } .input_start { width: 100%; } .input_display { width: 100%; font-size: 1.5rem; padding: 2rem 0 1rem 0; } .input_display-item { margin-bottom: 1rem; padding: .2rem 2rem; text-transform: capitalize; background-color: #fff; border-radius: 1rem; list-style: none; display: -webkit-box; display: -ms-flexbox; display: flex; -webkit-box-pack: justify; -ms-flex-pack: justify; justify-content: space-between; -webkit-box-align: center; -ms-flex-align: center; align-items: center; } .input_display-item:nth-child(odd) { background-color: #aaa; border-radius: 1rem; } .input_display-delete { height: 1.8rem; width: 1.8rem; } .input :not(.input_display) div { padding-bottom: 2rem; } /** Quiz Card ---------------------------------------------------------*/ .card { display: -webkit-box; display: -ms-flexbox; display: flex; -webkit-box-pack: center; -ms-flex-pack: center; justify-content: center; -webkit-box-align: center; -ms-flex-align: center; align-items: center; width: 100%; } .card_container { -webkit-transform-style: preserve-3d; transform-style: preserve-3d; -webkit-perspective: 1000px; perspective: 1000px; width: 60rem; margin: 1rem; cursor: pointer; } .card_container .front { -webkit-transform: rotateY(0deg); transform: rotateY(0deg); -webkit-transform-style: preserve-3d; transform-style: preserve-3d; } .card_container .front:after { position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; z-index: 1; width: 100%; height: 100%; content: ""; display: block; opacity: 0.6; background-color: #000; -webkit-backface-visibility: hidden; backface-visibility: hidden; border-radius: 10px; } .card_container .back { position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; background-color: #cedce7; background: linear-gradient(45deg, #dedce7 0%, #596a72 100%); -webkit-transform: rotateY(180deg); transform: rotateY(180deg); -webkit-transform-style: preserve-3d; transform-style: preserve-3d; } .card_container .front, .card_container .back { background-color: red; background-size: cover; background-position: center; -webkit-transition: -webkit-transform 0.7s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.2, 0.2, 1); transition: -webkit-transform 0.7s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.2, 0.2, 1); transition: transform 0.7s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.2, 0.2, 1); transition: transform 0.7s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.2, 0.2, 1), -webkit-transform 0.7s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.2, 0.2, 1); transition: transform 0.7s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.2, 0.2, 1); -webkit-backface-visibility: hidden; backface-visibility: hidden; text-align: center; min-height: 500px; height: auto; border-radius: 10px; color: #fff; font-size: 1.5rem; } .flip { -webkit-transition: -webkit-transform 0.7s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.2, 0.2, 1); transition: -webkit-transform 0.7s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.2, 0.2, 1); transition: transform 0.7s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.2, 0.2, 1); transition: transform 0.7s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.2, 0.2, 1), -webkit-transform 0.7s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.2, 0.2, 1); transition: transform 0.7s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0.2, 0.2, 1); } .flip .back { -webkit-transform: rotateY(0deg); transform: rotateY(0deg); -webkit-transform-style: preserve-3d; transform-style: preserve-3d; } .flip .front { -webkit-transform: rotateY(-180deg); transform: rotateY(-180deg); -webkit-transform-style: preserve-3d; transform-style: preserve-3d; } .inner { -webkit-transform: translateY(-50%) translateZ(60px) scale(0.94); transform: translateY(-50%) translateZ(60px) scale(0.94); top: 50%; position: absolute; left: 0; width: 100%; padding: 2rem; -webkit-box-sizing: border-box; box-sizing: border-box; outline: 1px solid transparent; -webkit-perspective: inherit; perspective: inherit; z-index: 2; } /* The particular element applying the animation ==============================================*/ .quiz_question { animation: fade 10s linear; } /* ============================================ ==============================================*/ .front .inner p { font-size: 2rem; margin-bottom: 2rem; position: relative; } .card_container-guess { padding-top: 2rem; } .card_container-guess .guess_input { width: 2rem; margin: 1rem auto; padding: 1rem; border-radius: 1rem; -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.55), 0px 1px 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); box-shadow: inset 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.55), 0px 1px 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 1px solid #666; opacity: 0.6; outline: none; } .card_container-guess .guess_input:hover, .card_container-guess .guess_input:focus { opacity: .8; color: #08c; -webkit-box-shadow: 0px 1px 0px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.25), inset 0px 3px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25); box-shadow: 0px 1px 0px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.25), inset 0px 3px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25); } .card_container-guess-buttons { display: -webkit-box; display: -ms-flexbox; display: flex; -webkit-box-pack: justify; -ms-flex-pack: justify; justify-content: space-between; } .card_container-guess-buttons .btnNew { margin: 1rem 2rem; } .btnNew { height: 5rem; width: 12rem; margin: 1.5rem 3rem 1rem 1rem; font-weight: 700; color: #333; background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, from(#f4f1ee), to(#fff)); background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, #f4f1ee, #fff); -webkit-box-shadow: 0px 8px 30px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3), inset 0px 4px 1px 1px white, inset 0px -3px 1px 1px rgba(204, 198, 197, 0.5); box-shadow: 0px 8px 30px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3), inset 0px 4px 1px 1px white, inset 0px -3px 1px 1px rgba(204, 198, 197, 0.5); border-radius: 5%; position: relative; -webkit-transition: all .1s linear; transition: all .1s linear; outline: none; } .btnNew:after { color: #e9e6e4; content: ""; display: block; font-size: 30px; height: 3rem; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: 0px -1px 1px #bdb5b4, 1px 1px 1px white; position: absolute; width: 3rem; } .btnNew:hover { background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, from(#fff), to(#f4f1ee)); background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, #fff, #f4f1ee); color: #0088cc; } .btnNew:active { background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, from(#efedec), to(#f7f4f4)); background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, #efedec, #f7f4f4); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 3px 5px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4), inset opx -3px 1px 1px rgba(204, 198, 197, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 3px 5px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4), inset opx -3px 1px 1px rgba(204, 198, 197, 0.5); outline: none; } .btnNew:active:after { color: #dbd2d2; text-shadow: 0px -1px 1px #bdb5b4, 0px 1px 1px white; outline: none; } /* KeyFrame Animation in question */ @keyframes fade { 0% { opacity: 100%; } 100% { opacity: 0%; } } 

 <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"> <title>Flash</title> <!-- Custom CSS --> <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/main.css"> </head> <body> <div class="container"> <section class="input"> <div class="input_title"> <label class="input_title-label" for="title">Enter a Title</label> <input class="input_title-input" id="title" type="text" placeholder="List of Towels"> </div> <div class="input_question"> <label class="input_question-label" for="question">Enter a Question</label> <input class="input_question-input" id="question" type="text" placeholder="What is 42?"> </div> <div class="input_answer"> <label class="input_answer-label" for="answer">Enter an Answer</label> <input class="input_answer-input" id="answer" type="text" placeholder="The Meaning Life, Universe, and Everything"> </div> <div class="input_submit flex"> <button class="input_submit-button btnNew">Submit</button> </div> <div class="input_display"></div> <div class="input_start flex"> <button type="button" class="input_start-btn btnNew" disabled>Start Quiz</button> </div> </section> <section class="card"> <div class="card_container"> <div class="front"> <div class="inner"> <p class="quiz_question">Please Set Some Questions Up</p> </div> </div> <div class="back"> <div class="inner"> <p class="quiz_answer"></p> </div> </div> <div class="card_container-guess"> <input type="text" class="guess_input"> <div class="card_container-guess-buttons"> <button class="submitGuess btnNew">Submit Guess</button> <button class="nextQuestion btnNew">Next Question</button> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> <!-- Custom JS --> <script src="js/scripts.js"></script> </body> </html> 

Answer 1

The main problem there is that you want replace a string with another string. So you can't really fade out the first and fade in the second a the same moment. You could make another card as overflow and put it over the question card, so you have more control over the animation and text style.

I replaced the submitGuess.addEventListener with this one:

    // Event Listener to test if guess is correct
submitGuess.addEventListener("click", function() {
  if (guessInput.value.toLowerCase() === qChosen.answer.toLowerCase()) {
    card.classList.toggle("flip");
    submitGuess.disabled = true;
  } else {
    // Insert wrong message here
    cardQuestion.style.animation="colorfadeerr 0.5s ease-in-out forwards";
    // SetTimeout to reset back to Chosen Question
    setTimeout(function(){
      cardQuestion.style.animation="colorfadequestion 0.3s ease-in-out";            
    }, 1500);
  }
});

cardQuestion.addEventListener("animationstart", function() {
  if(cardQuestion.textContent === qChosen.question)
    cardQuestion.textContent = "You have guessed incorrectly. Please Try Again";
  else
    cardQuestion.textContent = qChosen.question;
});

And added this in the css:

@keyframes colorfadeerr {
  0% {
    color: rgba(255,255,255,0.0); }
  10% {
    color: rgba(255,255,255,0.0); } 
  100% {
    color: rgba(255,200,200,1.0); } 
    }

@keyframes colorfadequestion {
  0% {
    color: rgba(255,255,255,0.0); }
  30% {
    color: rgba(255,255,255,0.0); } 
  100% {
    color: rgba(255,255,255,1.0); } 
    }

The first animation will hide the text and show you the error message with another color. The second animation will show you the first text again (white).

I don't know if this can help you. I tried to leave it similar to your code. But as said, the effect would be nicer if you can put another card over your question. So you have a fade out of the question and a fade in of the error message at the same time.