如何在本地和远程删除 Git 分支？

Question

Failed Attempts to Delete a Remote Branch:

$ git branch -d remotes/origin/bugfix
error: branch 'remotes/origin/bugfix' not found.

$ git branch -d origin/bugfix
error: branch 'origin/bugfix' not found.

$ git branch -rd origin/bugfix
Deleted remote branch origin/bugfix (was 2a14ef7).

$ git push
Everything up-to-date

$ git pull
From github.com:gituser/gitproject

* [new branch] bugfix -> origin/bugfix
Already up-to-date.

How do I properly delete the remotes/origin/bugfix branch both locally and remotely?

Answer 1

Executive Summary

$ git push -d <remote_name> <branchname> $ git branch -d <branchname>

Note: In most cases, <remote_name> will be origin .

Delete Local Branch

To delete the local branch use one of the following:

 $ git branch -d <branch_name> $ git branch -D <branch_name>

• The -d option is an alias for --delete , which only deletes the branch if it has already been fully merged in its upstream branch.
• The -D option is an alias for --delete --force , which deletes the branch "irrespective of its merged status." [Source: man git-branch ]
• As of Git v2.3 , git branch -d (delete) learned to honor the -f (force) flag.
• You will receive an error if you try to delete the currently selected branch.

Delete Remote Branch

As of Git v1.7.0 , you can delete a remote branch using

$ git push <remote_name> --delete <branch_name>

which might be easier to remember than

$ git push <remote_name>:<branch_name>

which was added in Git v1.5.0 "to delete a remote branch or a tag."

Starting with Git v2.8.0 , you can also use git push with the -d option as an alias for --delete . Therefore, the version of Git you have installed will dictate whether you need to use the easier or harder syntax.

Delete Remote Branch [Original Answer from 5-Jan-2010]

From Chapter 3 of Pro Git by Scott Chacon:

Deleting Remote Branches

Suppose you're done with a remote branch — say, you and your collaborators are finished with a feature and have merged it into your remote's main branch (or whatever branch your stable code-line is in). You can delete a remote branch using the rather obtuse syntax git push [remotename]:[branch] . If you want to delete your server-fix branch from the server, you run the following:

 $ git push origin:serverfix To git@github.com:schacon/simplegit.git - [deleted] serverfix

Boom. No more branches on your server. You may want to dog-ear this page, because you'll need that command, and you'll likely forget the syntax. A way to remember this command is by recalling the git push [remotename] [localbranch]:[remotebranch] syntax that we went over a bit earlier. If you leave off the [localbranch] portion, then you're basically saying, “Take nothing on my side and make it be [remotebranch] .”

I issued git push origin: bugfix and it worked beautifully. Scott Chacon was right—I will want to dog ear that page (or virtually dog ear by answering this on Stack Overflow).

Then you should execute this on other machines

# Fetch changes from all remotes and locally delete # remote deleted branches/tags etc # --prune will do the job:-; git fetch --all --prune

to propagate changes.

Answer 2

Matthew's answer is great for removing remote branches and I also appreciate the explanation, but to make a simple distinction between the two commands:

To remove a local branch from your machine:

git branch -d {the_local_branch} (use -D instead to force deleting the branch without checking merged status)

To remove a remote branch from the server:

git push origin --delete {the_remote_branch}

Reference: Git: Delete a branch (local or remote)

Answer 3

The short answers

If you want more detailed explanations of the following commands, then see the long answers in the next section.

Deleting a remote branch

git push origin --delete <branch> # Git version 1.7.0 or newer git push origin -d <branch> # Shorter version (Git 1.7.0 or newer) git push origin:<branch> # Git versions older than 1.7.0

Deleting a local branch

git branch --delete <branch> git branch -d <branch> # Shorter version git branch -D <branch> # Force-delete un-merged branches

Deleting a local remote-tracking branch

git branch --delete --remotes <remote>/<branch> git branch -dr <remote>/<branch> # Shorter git fetch <remote> --prune # Delete multiple obsolete remote-tracking branches git fetch <remote> -p # Shorter

---

The long answer : there are three different branches to delete

When you're dealing with deleting branches both locally and remotely, keep in mind that there are three different branches involved :

1. The local branch X .
2. The remote origin branch X .
3. The local remote-tracking branch origin/X that tracks the remote branch X .

The original poster used:

 git branch -rd origin/bugfix

Which only deleted his local remote-tracking branch origin/bugfix , and not the actual remote branch bugfix on origin .

To delete that actual remote branch , you need

git push origin --delete bugfix

Additional details

The following sections describe additional details to consider when deleting your remote and remote-tracking branches.

Pushing to delete remote branches also removes remote-tracking branches

Note that deleting the remote branch X from the command line using a git push will also remove the local remote-tracking branch origin/X , so it is not necessary to prune the obsolete remote-tracking branch with git fetch --prune or git fetch -p . However, it wouldn't hurt if you did it anyway.

You can verify that the remote-tracking branch origin/X was also deleted by running the following:

 # View just remote-tracking branches git branch --remotes git branch -r # View both strictly local as well as remote-tracking branches git branch --all git branch -a

Pruning the obsolete local remote-tracking branch origin/X

If you didn't delete your remote branch X from the command line (like above), then your local repository will still contain (a now obsolete) remote-tracking branch origin/X . This can happen if you deleted a remote branch directly through GitHub's web interface, for example.

A typical way to remove these obsolete remote-tracking branches (since Git version 1.6.6) is to simply run git fetch with the --prune or shorter -p . Note that this removes all obsolete local remote-tracking branches for any remote branches that no longer exist on the remote :

 git fetch origin --prune git fetch origin -p # Shorter

Here is the relevant quote from the 1.6.6 release notes (emphasis mine):

"git fetch" learned --all and --multiple options, to run fetch from many repositories, and --prune option to remove remote tracking branches that went stale. These make "git remote update" and "git remote prune" less necessary (there is no plan to remove "remote update" nor "remote prune", though).

Alternative to above automatic pruning for obsolete remote-tracking branches

Alternatively, instead of pruning your obsolete local remote-tracking branches through git fetch -p , you can avoid making the extra network operation by just manually removing the branch(es) with the --remotes or -r flags:

 git branch --delete --remotes origin/X git branch -dr origin/X # Shorter

See Also

• git-branch(1) Manual Page .
• git-fetch(1) Manual Page .
• Pro Git § 3.5 Git Branching - Remote Branches .

Answer 4

Steps for deleting a branch:

For deleting the remote branch:

git push origin --delete <your_branch>

For deleting the local branch, you have three ways:

1: git branch -D <branch_name>

2: git branch --delete --force <branch_name>  # Same as -D

3: git branch --delete  <branch_name>         # Error on unmerge

Explain: OK, just explain what's going on here!

Simply do git push origin --delete to delete your remote branch only, add the name of the branch at the end and this will delete and push it to remote at the same time...

Also, git branch -D, which simply delete the local branch only!...

-D stands for --delete --force which will delete the branch even it's not merged (force delete), but you can also use -d which stands for --delete which throw an error respective of the branch merge status...

I also create the image below to show the steps:

Answer 5

You can also use the following to delete the remote branch

git push --delete origin serverfix

Which does the same thing as

git push origin:serverfix

but it may be easier to remember.

Answer 6

It's very simple:

To delete the remote branch

git push -d origin <branch-name>

Or

git push origin:<branch-name>

-- You can also delete tags with this syntax

To forcefully delete local branch

git branch -D <branch-name>

Note: do a git fetch --all --prune on other machines after deleting remote branch, to remove obsolete tracking branches.

Example

to remove local branch

git branch -D my-local-branch

to remove remote branch

git push origin:my-remote-branch

TIP: if you want to see all available branches you can use git branch -a ,

and to see just remote branches, you can use git branch -r

Answer 7

Tip: When you delete branches using

git branch -d <branchname> # Deletes local branch

or

git push origin:<branchname> # Deletes remote branch

only the references are deleted. Even though the branch is actually removed on the remote, the references to it still exists in the local repositories of your team members. This means that for other team members the deleted branches are still visible when they do a git branch -a .

To solve this, your team members can prune the deleted branches with

git remote prune <repository>

This is typically git remote prune origin .

Answer 8

If you want to delete a branch, first checkout to the branch other than the branch to be deleted.

 git checkout other_than_branch_to_be_deleted

Deleting the local branch:

 git branch -D branch_to_be_deleted

Deleting the remote branch:

 git push origin --delete branch_to_be_deleted

Answer 9

 git branch -D <name-of-branch> git branch -D -r origin/<name-of-branch> git push origin:<name-of-branch>

Answer 10

This is simple: Just run the following command:

To delete a Git branch both locally and remotely, first delete the local branch using this command:

 git branch -d example

(Here example is the branch name.)

And after that, delete the remote branch using this command:

 git push origin:example

Answer 11

Another approach is:

 git push --prune origin

WARNING: This will delete all remote branches that do not exist locally. Or more comprehensively,

 git push --mirror

will effectively make the remote repository look like the local copy of the repository (local heads, remotes and tags are mirrored on remote).

Answer 12

I use the following in my Bash settings:

 alias git-shoot="git push origin --delete"

Then you can call:

 git-shoot branchname

Answer 13

Delete locally:

To delete a local branch, you can use:

 git branch -d <branch_name>

To delete a branch forcibly, use -D instead of -d .

 git branch -D <branch_name>

Delete remotely:

There are two options:

 git push origin:branchname git push origin --delete branchname

I would suggest you use the second way as it is more intuitive.

Answer 14

If you want to complete both these steps with a single command, you can make an alias for it by adding the below to your ~/.gitconfig :

 [alias] rmbranch = ";f(){ git branch -d ${1} && git push origin --delete ${1}; } f"

Alternatively, you can add this to your global configuration from the command line using

git config --global alias.rmbranch \ ';f(){ git branch -d ${1} && git push origin --delete ${1}; } f'

NOTE : If using -d (lowercase d), the branch will only be deleted if it has been merged. To force the delete to happen, you will need to use -D (uppercase D).

Answer 15

Since January 2013, GitHub included a Delete branch button next to each branch in your "Branches" page.

Relevant blog post: Create and delete branches

Answer 16

To delete your branch locally and remotely

• Checkout to master branch - git checkout master

• Delete your remote branch - git push origin --delete <branch-name>

• Delete your local branch - git branch --delete <branch-name>

Answer 17

You can also do this using git remote prune origin

$ git remote prune origin Pruning origin URL: git@example.com/yourrepo.git * [pruned] origin/some-branchs

It prunes and deletes remote-tracking branches from a git branch -r listing.

Answer 18

In addition to the other answers, I often use the git_remote_branch tool. It's an extra install, but it gets you a convenient way to interact with remote branches. In this case, to delete:

 grb delete branch

I find that I also use the publish and track commands quite often.

Answer 19

A one-liner command to delete both local, and remote :

 D=branch-name; git branch -D $D; git push origin:$D

Or add the alias below to your ~/.gitconfig . Usage: git kill branch-name

 [alias] kill = ";f(){ git branch -D \"$1\"; git push origin --delete \"$1\"; } f"

Answer 20

Deleting Branches

Let's assume our work on branch "contact-form" is done and we've already integrated it into "master". Since we don't need it anymore, we can delete it (locally):

 $ git branch -d contact-form

And for deleting the remote branch:

 git push origin --delete contact-form

Answer 21

Delete remote branch

git push origin:<branchname>

Delete local branch

git branch -D <branchname>

Delete local branch steps:

1. checkout to another branch
2. delete local branch

Answer 22

Simply say:

 git branch -d <branch-name> git push origin:<branch-name>

Answer 23

To delete locally - (normal)

 git branch -d my_branch

If your branch is in a rebasing/merging progress and that was not done properly, it means you will get an error, Rebase/Merge in progress , so in that case, you won't be able to delete your branch.

So either you need to solve the rebasing/merging. Otherwise, you can do force delete by using,

 git branch -D my_branch

To delete in remote :

 git push --delete origin my_branch

You can do the same using:

 git push origin:my_branch # Easy to remember both will do the same.

Graphical representation:

Answer 24

 git push origin --delete <branch Name>

is easier to remember than

git push origin:branchName

Answer 25

Now you can do it with the GitHub Desktop application.

After launching the application

1. Click on the project containing the branch

2. Switch to the branch you would like to delete

   

3. From the "Branch" menu, select, "Unpublish...", to have the branch deleted from the GitHub servers.

   

4. From the "Branch" menu, select, 'Delete " branch_name "...', to have the branch deleted off of your local machine (AKA the machine you are currently working on)

   

Answer 26

This won't work if you have a tag with the same name as the branch on the remote:

 $ git push origin:branch-or-tag-name error: dst refspec branch-or-tag-name matches more than one. error: failed to push some refs to 'git@github.com:SomeName/some-repo.git'

In that case you need to specify that you want to delete the branch, not the tag:

 git push origin:refs/heads/branch-or-tag-name

Similarly, to delete the tag instead of the branch you would use:

 git push origin:refs/tags/branch-or-tag-name

Answer 27

Many of the other answers will lead to errors/warnings. This approach is relatively fool proof although you may still need git branch -D branch_to_delete if it's not fully merged into some_other_branch , for example.

 git checkout some_other_branch git push origin:branch_to_delete git branch -d branch_to_delete

Remote pruning isn't needed if you deleted the remote branch. It's only used to get the most up-to-date remotes available on a repository you're tracking. I've observed git fetch will add remotes, not remove them. Here's an example of when git remote prune origin will actually do something:

User A does the steps above. User B would run the following commands to see the most up-to-date remote branches:

 git fetch git remote prune origin git branch -r

Answer 28

I got sick of googling for this answer, so I took a similar approach to the answer that crizCraig posted earlier.

I added the following to my Bash profile:

 function gitdelete(){ git push origin --delete $1 git branch -D $1 }

Then every time I'm done with a branch (merged into master , for example) I run the following in my terminal:

 gitdelete my-branch-name

...which then deletes my-branch-name from origin as as well as locally.

Answer 29

According to the latest document using a terminal we can delete in the following way.

Delete in local:

 git branch -D usermanagement

Delete in remote location:

 git push --delete origin usermanagement

Answer 30

Use:

 git push origin:bugfix # Deletes remote branch git branch -d bugfix # Must delete local branch manually

If you are sure you want to delete it, run

git branch -D bugfix

Now to clean up deleted remote branches run

git remote prune origin

Answer 31

Before executing

git branch --delete <branch>

make sure you determine first what the exact name of the remote branch is by executing:

git ls-remote

This will tell you what to enter exactly for <branch> value. ( branch is case sensitive!)

Answer 32

Here is a mashup of all the other answers. It requires Ruby 1.9.3+ and is tested only on OS X.

Call this file git-remove , make it executable, and put it in your path. Then use, for example, git remove temp .

#!/usr/bin/env ruby
require 'io/console'

if __FILE__ == $0
      branch_name = ARGV[0] if (ARGV[0])
      print "Press Y to force delete local and remote branch #{branch_name}..."
    response = STDIN.getch
    if ['Y', 'y', 'yes'].include?(response)
      puts "\nContinuing."
      `git branch -D #{branch_name}`
      `git branch -D -r origin/#{branch_name}`
      `git push origin --delete #{branch_name}`
    else
      puts "\nQuitting."
    end
end

Answer 33

I added the following aliases to my .gitconfig file. This allows me to delete branches with or without specifying the branch name. Branch name is defaulted to the current branch if no argument is passed in.

[alias]
    branch-name = rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD     

    rm-remote-branch = !"f() { branch=${1-$(git branch-name)}; git push origin :$branch; }; f"
    rm-local-branch = !"f() { branch=${1-$(git branch-name)}; git checkout master; git branch -d $branch; }; f"
    rm-branch-fully = !"f() { branch=${1-$(git branch-name)}; git rm-local-branch $branch; git rm-remote-branch $branch; }; f"

Answer 34

An alternative option to the command line for deleting remote branches is the GitHub branches page .

See for example: https://github.com/angular/angular.js/branches

Found in the Code -> Branches page of a GitHub repository.

I generally prefer command line myself but this GitHub page shows you lots more information about the branches, such as last updated date and user , and number of commits ahead and behind . It is useful when dealing with a large number of branches.

Answer 35

There are good answers, but, in case that you have a ton of branches, deleting them one by one locally and remotely, would be a tedious tasks. You can use this script to automate these tasks.

branch_not_delete=( "master" "develop" "our-branch-1" "our-branch-2")

for branch in `git branch -a | grep remotes | grep -v HEAD | grep -v master`; do

    # Delete prefix remotes/origin/ from branch name
    branch_name="$(awk '{gsub("remotes/origin/", "");print}' <<< $branch)"

    if ! [[ " ${branch_not_delete[*]} " == *" $branch_name "* ]]; then
        # Delete branch remotly and locally
        git push origin :$branch_name
    fi
done

• List the branches that you don't want to delete
• Iterate over the remote's branches and if they aren't in our "preserve list", deleted them.

Source: Removing Git branches at once

Answer 36

Using Git Bash you can execute the following:

git branch --delete <branch>

Or

-

From the GitHub desktop application, when you have the branch checked out, you can delete the local branch via the Branch menu strip:

If you are not using the GitHub desktop application and are using an IDE like Visual Studio for your local source control, all you have to do is a couple of quick steps:

1. Check out a branch other than the one you wish to delete.
2. Right-click the branch you wish to delete.
3. Select the Delete option from the context menu.

Then, once logged in to your GitHub account online, go to the repository and click the All Branches tab. From there, just click the little trash can icon on the right on the name of the branch you wish to delete.

*Keep in mind - if the branch isn't published, there isn't any need to try to delete it from your online repository.

Answer 37

I created the following convenient function in my .bash_aliases file:

git-delete-branch() 
{ 
    if [[ -n $1 ]]; then
        git checkout master > /dev/null;
        branch_name="$1";
        echo "Deleting local $branch_name branch...";
        git branch -D "$branch_name";
        echo "Deleting remote $branch_name branch...";
        git push origin --delete "$branch_name";
        git remote prune origin;
        echo "Your current branches are:";
        git branch -a;
    else
        echo "Usage: git-delete-branch <branch_name>";
    fi
}

Answer 38

The most flexible way is to use a custom Git command . For example, create the following Python script somewhere in your $PATH under the name git-rmbranch and make it executable:

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import argparse
import subprocess
import sys

def rmbranch(branch_name, remote, force):
    try:
        print(subprocess.run(['git', 'branch', '-D' if force else '-d', branch_name],
                             capture_output=True, check=True, encoding='utf-8').stdout, end='')
    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as exc:
        print(exc.stderr.replace(f'git branch -D {branch_name}', f'git rmbranch -f {branch_name}'), end='')
        return exc.returncode

    return subprocess.run(['git', 'push', remote, '--delete', branch_name]).returncode    

if __name__ == '__main__':
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Delete a Git branch locally and remotely.')
    parser.add_argument('-r', '--remote', default='origin', help="The remote name (defaults to 'origin')")
    parser.add_argument('-f', '--force', action='store_true', help='Force deletion of not fully merged branches')
    parser.add_argument('branch_name', help='The branch name')
    args = parser.parse_args()

    sys.exit(rmbranch(args.branch_name, args.remote, args.force))

Then git rmbranch -h will show you usage information:

usage: git-rmbranch [-h] [-r REMOTE] [-f] branch_name

Delete a Git branch locally and remotely.

positional arguments:
  branch_name           The branch name

optional arguments:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  -r REMOTE, --remote REMOTE
                        The remote name (defaults to 'origin')
  -f, --force           Force deletion of not fully merged branches

Note that git push origin --delete <branch_name> also removes the local remote-tracking branch ( origin/<branch_name> by default), so no need to care about that.

PS You can find the latest version of this Git command here . Comments and suggestions are welcome.

Answer 39

Both CoolAJ86's and apenwarr's answers are very similar. I went back and forth between the two trying to understand the better approach to support a submodule replacement. Below is a combination of them.

First navigate Git Bash to the root of the Git repository to be split. In my example here that is ~/Documents/OriginalRepo (master)

# Move the folder at prefix to a new branch
git subtree split --prefix=SubFolderName/FolderToBeNewRepo --branch=to-be-new-repo

# Create a new repository out of the newly made branch
mkdir ~/Documents/NewRepo
pushd ~/Documents/NewRepo
git init
git pull ~/Documents/OriginalRepo to-be-new-repo

# Upload the new repository to a place that should be referenced for submodules
git remote add origin git@github.com:myUsername/newRepo.git
git push -u origin master
popd

# Replace the folder with a submodule
git rm -rf ./SubFolderName/FolderToBeNewRepo
git submodule add git@github.com:myUsername/newRepo.git SubFolderName/FolderToBeNewRepo
git branch --delete --force to-be-new-repo

Below is a copy of above with the customize-able names replaced and using HTTPS instead. The root folder is now ~/Documents/_Shawn/UnityProjects/SoProject (master)

# Move the folder at prefix to a new branch
git subtree split --prefix=Assets/SoArchitecture --branch=so-package

# Create a new repository out of the newly made branch
mkdir ~/Documents/_Shawn/UnityProjects/SoArchitecture
pushd ~/Documents/_Shawn/UnityProjects/SoArchitecture
git init
git pull ~/Documents/_Shawn/UnityProjects/SoProject so-package

# Upload the new repository to a place that should be referenced for submodules
git remote add origin https://github.com/Feddas/SoArchitecture.git
git push -u origin master
popd

# Replace the folder with a submodule
git rm -rf ./Assets/SoArchitecture
git submodule add https://github.com/Feddas/SoArchitecture.git
git branch --delete --force so-package

Answer 40

The first few methods did not work for me.

Let's say you have the following branch and remote branch,

Local : Test_Branch
Remote: remotes/origin/feature/Test_FE

Set the upstream correctly for your local branch to track the remote branch you want to delete.

git branch --set-upstream-to=remotes/origin/feature/Test_FE Test_Branch

Then to delete the remote branch execute this

git push origin --delete Test_Branch

Then to delete the local branch execute following command

git branch -D Test_Branch

That's it.

Answer 41

在这里，您可以删除对应于 glob 或任何分支名称的远程分支：

git branch -r --list "origin/*" | xargs git branch -r -D

Answer 42

In a short way-

git branch -d {branchName}

This will delete branch locally. Then

git push origin -d {branchName}

This will imply delete operation remotely. If you want to delete branch locally use capital 'D' Like delete branch locally-

git branch -D {branchName}

Answer 43

Just make sure the branch is merged and/or ready to delete. Then go head and do it.

$git branch -d <branch name>
// Locally, use -D to force delete
$git push origin :<branch name>
// Remote delete your branch
// Also can be done in the Repo manually

Note : If you need to recover your branch after deleted [👉][https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1992364/git-recover-deleted-remote-branch]

Answer 44

Many of the other answers will lead to errors/warnings. According to the latest document using a terminal, we can delete it in the following way:

// delete branch locally
git branch -d localBranchName

// delete branch remotely
git push origin --delete remoteBranchName

Answer 45

Recommended Steps

1. Delete all local tags $git tag -d $(git tag -l)

2. Fetch all remote tags $git fetch Retrieves all remote tags giving you a complete list of remote tags.

3. Delete All remote tags $git push origin --delete $(git tag -l) Deletes the remote tags with reference to the local list.

4. Delete All local tags $git tag -d $(git tag -l) Once again, deletes all local tags.