基本的新/删除操作员日志

Question

I'd like to overload global and non-global new/delete operators for logging.

As I just want to add logging informations, I'd like to keep the standard behavior of this operators.

Is there a way to overload new/delete operator to add logging but without having to rewrite the standard behavior (which might be error prone) ?

Actually, I not only need standard behavior. I need the same behavior as Visual 2010 implementations, which might be not standard.

The kind of error I am looking for with this kind of logging is new[]/delete mismatch.

I could use classic tools but they slowdown the execution and I'd like to share the binary with other people to gather more informations.

Answer 1

You can use malloc / free for the basic allocation. Handling full standards compliance for new is a bit tricky; you need something like:

void*
operator new( size_t n )
{
    void* results = malloc( n );
    while ( results == NULL ) {
        if ( std::get_new_handler() == NULL ) {
            throw std::bad_alloc();
        }
        (*std::get_new_handler())();
        results = malloc( n );
    }
    return results;
}

Often, however, you don't need such full compliance. If you say that you don't support setting the new_handler , for example, you can simplify greatly. In the overloaded version I use for testing, in fact, if malloc really fails, I abort (but this version has options to trigger a failure of new , on demand, since I want to test that my code reacts correctly to it as well).

If you're logging, be very careful to avoid endless recursion. The only functions guaranteed not to use operator new in the standard library are malloc and free . Of course, a lot have no reason to allocate dynamically, and I don't worry about functions like memcpy or strlen . In practice, you are probably safe with any of the functions in the C library (although in theory, printf could be implemented in terms of iostream ). But any use of iostream, locale or the standard containers is out, unless you protect against recursion:

void*
operator new( size_t n )
{
    static int recursionCount = 0;
    ++ recursionCount;
    void* results = malloc() ;
    //  Any additional logic you need...
    if ( recursionCount == 1 ) {
        logAllocation( results, n );
    }
    -- recursionCount;
    return results;
}

Formally, you should do the same for operator delete , although in practice, if you're logging to a file, I wouldn't expect any delete except in close() or the destructor.

Answer 2

You can redefine the new keyword to call a different signature and pass __FILE__ and such.

In the general case this works out OK. When you start using objects that override operator new though you kinda screw yourself.

If I knew it by memory I'd share, but you can probably find with google. I think there's an implementation on codeproject somewhere.