[英]C++ Linker error undefined reference to a class definition and its member functions on Linux
我正在尝试在Linux 2.6.32-279上安装QScintilla-gpl-2.7.1。 ＃1 SMP 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU / Linux
我已经在上一篇文章中解决了这个问题。 但是，我遇到了链接器错误的新问题：
我花了一个星期，但仍然找不到原因。
即使我尝试过，旧帖子也无法帮助我。 任何帮助将不胜感激。
链接命令：
$(TARGET): $(OBJECTS)
$(LINK) $(LFLAGS) -o $(TARGET) $(LIBS) $(OBJECTS) $(LIBS_SUFFIX) $(OBJCOMP)
OBJECTS = ListBoxQt.o \
PlatQt.o \
qsciabstractapis.o \
qsciapis.o \
..........
LIBS = -L/home/user/myPath/qt483/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-4.8.3/lib
LFLAGS = -Wl,-O1
LINK = g++
LIBS_SUFFIX = -lQtCore -lQtGui -lQt3Support -lQtCLucene -lQtDeclarative -lQtDesigner -lQtDesignerComponents - lQtHelp -lQtMultimedia -lQtNetwork -lQtOpenGL -lQtScript - lQtScriptTools -lQtSql -lQtSvg -lQtTest -lQtWebKit -lQtXml -lQtXmlPatterns -lpthread
OBJCOMP is not defined.
错误：
qscintilla2/QScintilla-gpl-2.7.1/src/Indicator.o: In function `Indicator::Draw(Surface*, PRectangle const&, PRectangle const&)':
Indicator.cpp:(.text+0x409): undefined reference to `RGBAImage::RGBAImage(int, int, float, unsigned char const*)'
Indicator.cpp:(.text+0x43d): undefined reference to `RGBAImage::SetPixel(int, int, ColourDesired, int)'
Indicator.cpp:(.text+0x456): undefined reference to `RGBAImage::SetPixel(int, int, ColourDesired, int)'
Indicator.cpp:(.text+0x47a): undefined reference to `RGBAImage::SetPixel(int, int, ColourDesired, int)'
Indicator.cpp:(.text+0x493): undefined reference to `RGBAImage::SetPixel(int, int, ColourDesired, int)'
Indicator.cpp:(.text+0x4ac): undefined reference to `RGBAImage::SetPixel(int, int, ColourDesired, int)'
Indicator.cpp:(.text+0x4c7): undefined reference to `RGBAImage::Pixels() const'
Indicator.cpp:(.text+0x50f): undefined reference to `RGBAImage::~RGBAImage()'
Indicator.cpp:(.text+0x900): undefined reference to `RGBAImage::RGBAImage(int, int, float, unsigned char const*)'
Indicator.cpp:(.text+0x94e): undefined reference to `RGBAImage::SetPixel(int, int, ColourDesired, int)'
Indicator.cpp:(.text+0x9f9): undefined reference to `RGBAImage::SetPixel(int, int, ColourDesired, int)'
Indicator.cpp:(.text+0xa4b): undefined reference to `RGBAImage::Pixels() const'
Indicator.cpp:(.text+0xac7): undefined reference to `RGBAImage::~RGBAImage()'
/qscintilla2/QScintilla-gpl-2.7.1/src/LineMarker.o: In function `LineMarker::Draw(Surface*, PRectangle&, Font&, LineMarker::typeOfFold, int)':
LineMarker.cpp:(.text+0x2fd): undefined reference to `RGBAImage::Pixels() const'
LineMarker.cpp:(.text+0x3e3): undefined reference to `XPM::Draw(Surface*, PRectangle&)'
qscintilla2/QScintilla-gpl-2.7.1/src/LineMarker.o: In function `LineMarker::SetRGBAImage(Point, float, unsigned char const*)':
LineMarker.cpp:(.text+0x1648): undefined reference to `RGBAImage::RGBAImage(int, int, float, unsigned char const*)'
qscintilla2/QScintilla-gpl-2.7.1/src/LineMarker.o: In function `LineMarker::SetXPM(char const* const*)':
LineMarker.cpp:(.text+0x16c6): undefined reference to `XPM::XPM(char const* const*)'
qscintilla2/QScintilla-gpl-2.7.1/src/LineMarker.o: In function `LineMarker::SetXPM(char const*)':
LineMarker.cpp:(.text+0x1746): undefined reference to `XPM::XPM(char const*)'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
src / XPM.h中类RGBAImage的定义。
没有编译错误，但链接器找不到XPM.h中定义的RGBAImage，该文件已包含在Indicator.cpp和Indicator.cpp中。
在Makefile中，无问题时可以生成Indicator.o和Indicator.o，它们已放入链接器输入参数列表中，但是链接器错误仍然存在。 没有XPM.cpp文件。 但是，即使我创建一个包含XPM.h的XPM.cpp文件并获得XPM.o，我也遇到了同样的错误。
#include <vector>
#include <map>
#include "Platform.h"
#include "Scintilla.h"
#include "XPM.h" // RGBAImage is defined here
#include "Indicator.h"
#ifdef SCI_NAMESPACE
using namespace Scintilla;
#endif
static PRectangle PixelGridAlign(const PRectangle &rc) {
// Move left and right side to nearest pixel to avoid blurry visuals
return PRectangle(int(rc.left + 0.5), rc.top, int(rc.right + 0.5), rc.bottom);
}
void Indicator::Draw(Surface *surface, const PRectangle &rc, const PRectangle &rcLine)
{
surface->PenColour(fore);
int ymid = (rc.bottom + rc.top) / 2;
if (style == INDIC_SQUIGGLE) {
int x = int(rc.left+0.5);
int xLast = int(rc.right+0.5);
int y = 0;
surface->MoveTo(x, rc.top + y);
while (x < xLast) {
if ((x + 2) > xLast) {
if (xLast > x)
y = 1;
x = xLast;
} else {
x += 2;
y = 2 - y;
}
surface->LineTo(x, rc.top + y);
}
} else if (style == INDIC_SQUIGGLEPIXMAP) {
PRectangle rcSquiggle = PixelGridAlign(rc);
int width = Platform::Minimum(4000, rcSquiggle.Width());
RGBAImage image(width, 3, 1.0, 0);
enum { alphaFull = 0xff, alphaSide = 0x2f, alphaSide2=0x5f };
for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {
if (x%2) {
// Two halfway columns have a full pixel in middle flanked by light pixels
image.SetPixel(x, 0, fore, alphaSide);
image.SetPixel(x, 1, fore, alphaFull);
image.SetPixel(x, 2, fore, alphaSide);
} else {
// Extreme columns have a full pixel at bottom or top and a mid-tone pixel in centre
image.SetPixel(x, (x%4) ? 0 : 2, fore, alphaFull);
image.SetPixel(x, 1, fore, alphaSide2);
}
}
surface->DrawRGBAImage(rcSquiggle, image.GetWidth(), image.GetHeight(), image.Pixels());
} else if (style == INDIC_SQUIGGLELOW) {
surface->MoveTo(rc.left, rc.top);
int x = rc.left + 3;
int y = 0;
while (x < rc.right) {
surface->LineTo(x-1, rc.top + y);
y = 1 - y;
surface->LineTo(x, rc.top + y);
x += 3;
}
surface->LineTo(rc.right, rc.top + y); // Finish the line
} else if (style == INDIC_TT) {
surface->MoveTo(rc.left, ymid);
int x = rc.left + 5;
while (x < rc.right) {
surface->LineTo(x, ymid);
surface->MoveTo(x-3, ymid);
surface->LineTo(x-3, ymid+2);
x++;
surface->MoveTo(x, ymid);
x += 5;
}
surface->LineTo(rc.right, ymid); // Finish the line
if (x - 3 <= rc.right) {
surface->MoveTo(x-3, ymid);
surface->LineTo(x-3, ymid+2);
}
} else if (style == INDIC_DIAGONAL) {
int x = rc.left;
while (x < rc.right) {
surface->MoveTo(x, rc.top+2);
int endX = x+3;
int endY = rc.top - 1;
if (endX > rc.right) {
endY += endX - rc.right;
endX = rc.right;
}
surface->LineTo(endX, endY);
x += 4;
}
} else if (style == INDIC_STRIKE) {
surface->MoveTo(rc.left, rc.top - 4);
surface->LineTo(rc.right, rc.top - 4);
} else if (style == INDIC_HIDDEN) {
// Draw nothing
} else if (style == INDIC_BOX) {
surface->MoveTo(rc.left, ymid+1);
surface->LineTo(rc.right, ymid+1);
surface->LineTo(rc.right, rcLine.top+1);
surface->LineTo(rc.left, rcLine.top+1);
surface->LineTo(rc.left, ymid+1);
} else if (style == INDIC_ROUNDBOX || style == INDIC_STRAIGHTBOX) {
PRectangle rcBox = rcLine;
rcBox.top = rcLine.top + 1;
rcBox.left = rc.left;
rcBox.right = rc.right;
surface->AlphaRectangle(rcBox, (style == INDIC_ROUNDBOX) ? 1 : 0, fore, fillAlpha, fore, outlineAlpha, 0);
} else if (style == INDIC_DOTBOX) {
PRectangle rcBox = PixelGridAlign(rc);
rcBox.top = rcLine.top + 1;
rcBox.bottom = rcLine.bottom;
// Cap width at 4000 to avoid large allocations when mistakes made
int width = Platform::Minimum(rcBox.Width(), 4000);
RGBAImage image(width, rcBox.Height(), 1.0, 0);
// Draw horizontal lines top and bottom
for (int x=0; x<width; x++) {
for (int y=0; y<rcBox.Height(); y += rcBox.Height()-1) {
image.SetPixel(x, y, fore, ((x + y) % 2) ? outlineAlpha : fillAlpha);
}
}
// Draw vertical lines left and right
for (int y=1; y<rcBox.Height(); y++) {
for (int x=0; x<width; x += width-1) {
image.SetPixel(x, y, fore, ((x + y) % 2) ? outlineAlpha : fillAlpha);
}
}
surface->DrawRGBAImage(rcBox, image.GetWidth(), image.GetHeight(), image.Pixels());
} else if (style == INDIC_DASH) {
int x = rc.left;
while (x < rc.right) {
surface->MoveTo(x, ymid);
surface->LineTo(Platform::Minimum(x + 4, rc.right), ymid);
x += 7;
}
} else if (style == INDIC_DOTS) {
int x = rc.left;
while (x < rc.right)
{
PRectangle rcDot(x, ymid, x+1, ymid+1);
surface->FillRectangle(rcDot, fore);
x += 2;
}
}
else
{ // Either INDIC_PLAIN or unknown
surface->MoveTo(rc.left, ymid);
surface->LineTo(rc.right, ymid);
}
}
----------------------------------
XPM.h
# pragma once
#include "Platform.h"
#if defined(PLAT_QT)
#include <qimage.h>
#include <qpixmap.h>
#endif
#ifdef SCI_NAMESPACE
namespace Scintilla {
#endif
/**
* Hold a pixmap in XPM format.
*/
class XPM {
#if defined(PLAT_QT)
QPixmap qpm;
public:
XPM(const char *textForm);
XPM(const char *const *linesForm);
~XPM() {}
void Draw(Surface *surface, PRectangle &rc);
int GetHeight() const {return qpm.height();}
const QPixmap &Pixmap() const {return qpm;}
#else
int pid; // Assigned by container
int height;
int width;
int nColours;
char *data;
char codeTransparent;
char *codes;
ColourDesired *colours;
ColourDesired ColourDesiredFromCode(int ch) const;
ColourDesired ColourFromCode(int ch) const;
void FillRun(Surface *surface, int code, int startX, int y, int x);
char **lines;
ColourDesired *colourCodeTable[256];
public:
XPM(const char *textForm);
XPM(const char *const *linesForm);
~XPM();
void Init(const char *textForm);
void Init(const char *const *linesForm);
void Clear();
/// Decompose image into runs and use FillRectangle for each run
void Draw(Surface *surface, PRectangle &rc);
char **InLinesForm() { return lines; }
void SetId(int pid_) { pid = pid_; }
int GetId() const { return pid; }
int GetHeight() const { return height; }
int GetWidth() const { return width; }
void PixelAt(int x, int y, ColourDesired &colour, bool &transparent) const;
static const char **LinesFormFromTextForm(const char *textForm);
#endif
};
#if !defined(PLAT_QT)
/**
* A collection of pixmaps indexed by integer id.
*/
class XPMSet {
XPM **set; ///< The stored XPMs.
int len; ///< Current number of XPMs.
int maximum; ///< Current maximum number of XPMs, increased by steps if reached.
int height; ///< Memorize largest height of the set.
int width; ///< Memorize largest width of the set.
public:
XPMSet();
~XPMSet();
/// Remove all XPMs.
void Clear();
/// Add a XPM.
void Add(int ident, const char *textForm);
/// Get XPM by id.
XPM *Get(int ident);
/// Give the largest height of the set.
int GetHeight();
/// Give the largest width of the set.
int GetWidth();
};
#endif
/**
* An translucent image stoed as a sequence of RGBA bytes.
*/
class RGBAImage {
// Private so RGBAImage objects can not be copied
RGBAImage(const RGBAImage &);
RGBAImage &operator=(const RGBAImage &);
int height;
int width;
float scale;
#if defined(PLAT_QT)
QImage *qim;
#else
std::vector<unsigned char> pixelBytes;
#endif
public:
// RGBAImage has been defined here, why still linker error ???
RGBAImage(int width_, int height_, float scale_, unsigned char const *pixels_);
RGBAImage(const XPM &xpm);
virtual ~RGBAImage();
int GetHeight() const { return height; }
int GetWidth() const { return width; }
float GetScale() const { return scale; }
float GetScaledHeight() const { return height / scale; }
float GetScaledWidth() const { return width / scale; }
#if !defined(PLAT_QT)
int CountBytes() const;
#endif
const unsigned char *Pixels() const;
// SetPixel has been defined here, why still linker error ???
void SetPixel(int x, int y, ColourDesired colour, int alpha=0xff);
};
#if !defined(PLAT_QT)
/**
* A collection of RGBAImage pixmaps indexed by integer id.
*/
class RGBAImageSet {
typedef std::map<int, RGBAImage*> ImageMap;
ImageMap images;
mutable int height; ///< Memorize largest height of the set.
mutable int width; ///< Memorize largest width of the set.
public:
RGBAImageSet();
~RGBAImageSet();
/// Remove all images.
void Clear();
/// Add an image.
void Add(int ident, RGBAImage *image);
/// Get image by id.
RGBAImage *Get(int ident);
/// Give the largest height of the set.
int GetHeight() const;
/// Give the largest width of the set.
int GetWidth() const;
};
#endif
#ifdef SCI_NAMESPACE
}
我再次提取了tar球，找到了XMP.cpp，还运行了qmake（4.8.3）qscintilla.proa并获取了Makefile。 但是我遇到了很多编译错误。 例如
Qsci / qsciscintilla.h：34：21：错误：qobject.h：没有这样的文件或目录。 我已经更新了我的帖子。
[~/qscintilla2/QScintilla-gpl-2.7.1_new/QScintilla-gpl-2.7.1/Qt4Qt5] $ make
g++ -c -pipe -O2 -D_REENTRANT -w -fPIC -DQSCINTILLA_MAKE_DLL -DQT -DSCI_LEXER - DQT_NO_DEBUG -DQT_GUI_LIB -DQT_CORE_LIB -I../../../../qt483/qt-everywhere-opensource-src- 4.8.3/mkspecs/linux-g++ -I. -I/home/user//qt483/include/QtCore - I/home/user/qt483/include/QtGui -I/home/user/qt483/include -I. -I../include - I../lexlib -I../src -I. -o qsciscintilla.o qsciscintilla.cpp
In file included from qsciscintilla.cpp:28:
Qsci/qsciscintilla.h:34:21: error: qobject.h: No such file or directory
Qsci/qsciscintilla.h:35:25: error: qstringlist.h: No such file or directory
Qsci/qsciscintilla.h:37:22: error: QByteArray: No such file or directory
Qsci/qsciscintilla.h:38:17: error: QList: No such file or directory
Qsci/qsciscintilla.h:39:20: error: QPointer: No such file or directory
In file included from Qsci/qsciscintilla.h:41,
from qsciscintilla.cpp:28:
./Qsci/qsciglobal.h:33:21: error: qglobal.h: No such file or directory
In file included from Qsci/qsciscintilla.h:42,
from qsciscintilla.cpp:28:
./Qsci/qscicommand.h:33:21: error: qstring.h: No such file or directory
In file included from ./Qsci/qscicommand.h:36,
from Qsci/qsciscintilla.h:42,
from qsciscintilla.cpp:28:
./Qsci/qsciscintillabase.h:35:31: error: QAbstractScrollArea: No such file or directory
./Qsci/qsciscintillabase.h:37:20: error: qpoint.h: No such file or directory
./Qsci/qsciscintillabase.h:38:20: error: qtimer.h: No such file or directory
qsciscintilla.cpp:31:21: error: qaction.h: No such file or directory
qsciscintilla.cpp:32:26: error: qapplication.h: No such file or directory
qsciscintilla.cpp:33:20: error: qcolor.h: No such file or directory
qsciscintilla.cpp:34:20: error: qevent.h: No such file or directory
qsciscintilla.cpp:35:20: error: qimage.h: No such file or directory
qsciscintilla.cpp:36:23: error: qiodevice.h: No such file or directory
qsciscintilla.cpp:37:26: error: qkeysequence.h: No such file or directory
qsciscintilla.cpp:40:19: error: qmenu.h: No such file or directory
In file included from qsciscintilla.cpp:44:
Qsci/qscilexer.h:34:19: error: qfont.h: No such file or directory
Qsci/qscilexer.h:35:18: error: qmap.h: No such file or directory
In file included from ./Qsci/qscicommand.h:36,
from Qsci/qsciscintilla.h:42,
from qsciscintilla.cpp:28:
./Qsci/qsciscintillabase.h:69: error: expected class-name before '{' token
./Qsci/qsciscintillabase.h:70: error: ISO C++ forbids declaration of 'Q_OBJECT' with no type
./Qsci/qsciscintillabase.h:72: error: expected ';' before 'public'
./Qsci/qsciscintillabase.h:3011: error: expected ')' before '*' token
更新Makefile的lib路径并按照QScintilla-gpl-2.7.1 / doc / html-Qt4Qt5 / index.html上的安装说明进行操作后，我编译并安装了QScintilla-gpl-2.7.1 w / o错误。
但是，当我运行example-Qt4Qt5 / application时，出现了新错误：
~/qscintilla2/QScintilla-gpl-2.7.1_new/QScintilla-gpl-2.7.1/example-Qt4Qt5] $ ./application
Unable to load library icui18n "Cannot load library icui18n: (icui18n: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory)"
src / XPM.h中类RGBAImage的定义。
链接器不是在抱怨类的定义，而是在抱怨类的成员函数的定义，这些成员函数在XPM.cpp中定义。
那应该在压缩包中，所以提取代码时您一定做错了。
C ++：链接器错误：未定义的引用仅对在单独的文件中定义的一个特定的类成员
[英]C++: Linker error: undefined reference only to one specific class member defined in a separate file
C ++链接器错误-未内联定义函数的“未定义引用”
[英]c++ linker error - 'undefined reference' to not inline defined functions
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