解码消息时反序列化异常

Question

我正在一个项目中，该项目利用Packet.cs对象作为“行进模式”，利用简单的Socket连接在客户端和服务器之间传递小变量。 客户端和服务器是不同项目的一部分，但是是相同的解决方案，而Packet.cs也是一个单独的“共享项目”。

这是我的packet.cs文件：

using System;
using System.Net;
using System.IO;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace ConnectionData
{
    [Serializable]
    public class Packet
    {
        // these are all the different types of things we can send
        public List<string> gData;
        public string packetString;
        public int packetInt;
        public bool packetBool;
        public PacketType packetType;

        // senderID is going to be the unique GUID that we generated
        public string senderID;


        public Packet (PacketType type, string senderID)
        {
            gData = new List<String> ();
            this.senderID = senderID;
            this.packetType = type;
        }

        public Packet(byte[] packetBytes)
        {
            // deconstructs the bytes we received into packet form
            BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter ();
            MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream (packetBytes);

            Packet p = (Packet)bf.Deserialize (ms);
            ms.Close ();

            // assigns all the values from the packet info we received in byte form
            this.gData = p.gData;
            this.packetInt = p.packetInt;
            this.packetBool = p.packetBool;
            this.senderID = p.senderID;
            this.packetType = p.packetType;
        }

        // this converts the whole packet object into a byte array to send through the socket
        public byte[] ToBytes()
        {
            BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter ();
            MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream ();

            bf.Serialize (ms, this);
            byte[] bytes = ms.ToArray ();
            ms.Close ();
            return bytes;
        }

        // this function will return the active IP address of the system. if it
        // cant find one, it returns default local address
        public static string GetIP4Address()
        {
            // this lists all addresses shown in IPConfig
            IPAddress[] ips = Dns.GetHostAddresses (Dns.GetHostName ());

            foreach(IPAddress i in ips)
            {
                // if there's an IP4 address in the list, return it
                if (i.AddressFamily == System.Net.Sockets.AddressFamily.InterNetwork) 
                {
                    return i.ToString ();
                }       
            }

            // else return local address
            return "127.0.0.1"; 
        }

        // enum makes it so we can define different strings, makes the packetType really easy to work with
        // allows us to define what kind of packet it is
        public enum PacketType
        {
            Registration, CloseConnection, Command
        }
    }
}

这就是我用来发送数据的东西。 当我在服务器上创建要发送给客户端的消息时，我只需调用Packet p = new Packet(Packet.PacketType.Command); 和socket.Send(p.ToBytes());

（在两个项目上）接收数据包使用：

public void Data_IN (object cSocket)
        {
            Socket clientSocket = (Socket)cSocket;

            byte[] buffer;
            int readBytes;

            while (Server.listening) {
                // sets our buffer array to the max size we're able to receive
                buffer = new byte[clientSocket.SendBufferSize];

                // gets the amount of bytes we've received
                readBytes = clientSocket.Receive (buffer);

                // if we actually recieve something, then sort through it
                if (readBytes > 0) {
                    // handle data
                    Packet packet = new Packet (buffer);
                    DataManager (packet); // handles the packet data
                }
            }
        }

当我尝试在第一个连接上发送注册数据包时，就会出现问题。 我启动我的服务器项目，让它仅在等待时执行，一切正常。 客户端可以连接，服务器发送在此处创建的注册数据包：

Packet p = new Packet (Packet.PacketType.Registration, Server.guid);
p.packetString = HeartCore.commandKey; // commandKey is a static string variable
clientSocket.Send (p.ToBytes ());

服务器显示它已成功发送，然后客户端抛出异常。 好极了！ 客户端使用Data_IN处理数据包的接收，如上所示。 在创建新数据包后立即发生异常

if (readBytes > 0) {
    // handle data
    Packet packet = new Packet (buffer); // this is where it stops
    DataManager (packet); // handles the packet data
}

和

public Packet(byte[] packetBytes)
{
    // deconstructs the bytes we received into packet form
    BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter ();
    MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream (packetBytes);

    Packet p = (Packet)bf.Deserialize (ms); //EXCEPTION OCCURS HERE
    ms.Close ();
    ...

如果您还记得的话，数据包类具有一个构造函数，该构造函数使用byte []缓冲区并将其转换为对象，然后将值从temp数据包对象复制到正在使用的实际对象。

抛出的异常是

System.Runtime.Serialization.SerializationException: Couldn't find assembly 'Heart' ---> System.Exception: Could not load file or assembly 'Heart' or one of its dependencies. The system cannot find the file specified.
  at System.AppDomain.Load (System.String assemblyString, System.Security.Policy.Evidence assemblySecurity, Boolean refonly) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0
  at System.AppDomain.Load (System.String assemblyString) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0
  at at (wrapper remoting-invoke-with-check) System.AppDomain:Load (string)
  at System.Reflection.Assembly.Load (System.String assemblyString) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0
  at System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary.ObjectReader.GetDeserializationType (Int64 assemblyId, System.String className, Boolean throwOnError) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0
  --- End of inner exception stack trace ---
  at System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary.ObjectReader.GetDeserializationType (Int64 assemblyId, System.String className, Boolean throwOnError) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0
  at System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary.ObjectReader.GetDeserializationType (Int64 assemblyId, System.String className) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0
  at System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary.ObjectReader.ReadTypeMetadata (System.IO.BinaryReader reader, Boolean isRuntimeObject, Boolean hasTypeInfo) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0
  at System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary.ObjectReader.ReadObjectInstance (System.IO.BinaryReader reader, Boolean isRuntimeObject, Boolean hasTypeInfo, System.Int64& objectId, System.Object& value, System.Runtime.Serialization.SerializationInfo& info) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0
  at System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary.ObjectReader.ReadObject (BinaryElement element, System.IO.BinaryReader reader, System.Int64& objectId, System.Object& value, System.Runtime.Serialization.SerializationInfo& info) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0
  at System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary.ObjectReader.ReadObject (BinaryElement element, System.IO.BinaryReader reader, System.Int64& objectId, System.Object& value, System.Runtime.Serialization.SerializationInfo& info) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0
  at System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary.ObjectReader.ReadNextObject (BinaryElement element, System.IO.BinaryReader reader) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0
  at System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary.ObjectReader.ReadObjectGraph (BinaryElement elem, System.IO.BinaryReader reader, Boolean readHeaders, System.Object& result, System.Runtime.Remoting.Messaging.Header[]& headers) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0
  at System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary.BinaryFormatter.NoCheckDeserialize (System.IO.Stream serializationStream, System.Runtime.Remoting.Messaging.HeaderHandler handler) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0
  at System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary.BinaryFormatter.Deserialize (System.IO.Stream serializationStream) [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0
  at ConnectionData.Packet..ctor (System.Byte[] packetBytes) [0x00016] in /home/austin/Programming/C#/Crystal-Home-Systems/ConnectionData/Packet.cs:63
  at Shard.Client.Data_IN () [0x0002f] in /home/austin/Programming/C#/Crystal-Home-Systems/Shard/Client.cs:90
  at System.Threading.Thread.StartInternal () [0x00000] in <filename unknown>:0

现在，我对C＃本身还不太陌生，但是我对Java有相当的经验，并且以前已经使用过这种类型的服务器-客户端工作。 在过去的5个小时左右的时间里，我一直在使用Google进行更改，甚至询问几个编程朋友，但我们一直无法弄清发生了什么。 Couldn't find assembly 'Heart'我将其认为是项目Heart，它是发送导致崩溃的数据包的服务器类。

有谁知道导致崩溃的原因？ 我很生气，觉得我想念一些明显的东西。 我试图尽可能地具体，如果我忘记在问题中添加任何内容，或者您​​需要更多详细信息，请告诉我！

提前非常感谢您的帮助！

编辑：只是为了澄清，服务器和客户端能够毫无问题地连接，尝试解码服务器发送给客户端的注册数据包时会发生错误。 另外，它可以在使用mono的Linux系统Kubuntu上运行。 我认为那不会有所作为，但可能

Answer 1

通过使用bf.Serialize (ms, this)发送数据包，您的客户端需要包含typeof(this)的程序集，即Heart程序集。 然后，客户端需要该程序集反序列化它。

不要序列化内部结构（ Packet ），不要序列化要放入程序集中的Payload类，并与客户端共享。

问题是此代码：

// gets the amount of bytes we've received
readBytes = clientSocket.Receive (buffer);

// if we actually recieve something, then sort through it
if (readBytes > 0) {
    // handle data
    Packet packet = new Packet (buffer);
    DataManager (packet); // handles the packet data
}

可能会在少量调用中在localhost上工作，但是当实现任何严重流量时，它将失败，因为buffer可能包含一半消息或三条消息。

您需要实现成帧协议以检测单独的消息。

但是，当您这样做时，您似乎正在从头开始重新创建协议缓冲区 。 使用现有的库来处理类似的事情。

Answer 2

我找到了解决我问题的方法。 Packet.cs文件位于共享项目中。 据我所知，共享项目使用解决方案中所有其他项目的资源，这不是我想要做的。

我尝试了各种方法，包括CodeCaster给出的惊人答案，但是没有任何效果。

为了解决该异常，我将Packet.cs文件重新制作为共享库项目，而不是共享项目。 这样就可以将Packet.cs文件作为.dll文件放入构建路径，从而使其不具有其他项目的资源。

解决方案的构建和执行完美！ 希望这对以后的人有所帮助！