用Perl发送电子邮件给地址中带有撇号的人

Question

我目前正在尝试在Perl中给有撇号并且无法弄清楚如何发送的用户写一封电子邮件。 这是该行的样子：

$to = "o'connell\@website.com";

这是我用来发送电子邮件的行：

system("echo $message | mailx -s $subject $to ");

这是o'connell@website.com的示例电子邮件。 由于撇号，它将不会发送它。 我尝试了以下方法，但没有用。 我正在使用mailx发送电子邮件

$to = "o'connell\@website.com";
$to = "o''connell\@website.com";
$to = "o"'"connell\@website.com";

这些都不起作用。 我可以向没有电子邮件的人发送电子邮件。 有什么建议么？

Answer 1

这不是Perl的问题，而是Shell的问题。 您必须正确地转义值：

system("echo $message | mailx -s $subject \"$to\" ");

或者，更具可读性：

system qq(echo $message | mailx -s $subject "$to");

我也不会讲这个主题，您也应该非常注意$ message-如果它包含

; rm -rf /

有关如何直接从Perl发送电子邮件的信息，请参见Task :: Kensho :: Email 。

Answer 2

您可以使perl直接执行mailx，而无需在“之间”使用shell。
[看一下wdebeaum答案中更简单的实现]

$message="message\n";
$to='$to = 'o\'connell\@website.com';
$subject= "x's " . time(); # string with apostrophe and time mark for testing

＃分隔符，使混淆后的stackoverflow语法着色起作用

if( my $child_pid = open(my $TO_KID,   "|-")) {
   # I am the parent:
   print $TO_KID $message;
   close($TO_KID);
   waitpid $child_pid, 0;
} elsif(defined($child_pid)) {
   # I am the child; use STDIN/STDOUT normally
   exec 'mailx','-s',$subject,$to;
   die "couldn't exec mailx: $!";
}else{
   # $child_pid is undefined - fork (in open) failed
   die "can't fork: $!";
}

Answer 3

像Andrzej一样，我会避免使用shell。 但是有一种更简单的方法可以做到这一点：

open(FH, "|-", "mailx", "-s", $subject, $to) or die "Can't mailx: $!";
print FH $message;
close(FH);

如果你给的命令及其参数与打开“| - ”模式， open和close将处理exec ING和waitpid荷兰国际集团为您服务。

从perldoc -f open ：

  The following blocks are more or less equivalent: open(FOO, "|tr '[az]' '[AZ]'"); open(FOO, "|-", "tr '[az]' '[AZ]'"); open(FOO, "|-") || exec 'tr', '[az]', '[AZ]'; open(FOO, "|-", "tr", '[az]', '[AZ]'); open(FOO, "cat -n '$file'|"); open(FOO, "-|", "cat -n '$file'"); open(FOO, "-|") || exec "cat", "-n", $file; open(FOO, "-|", "cat", "-n", $file); The last two examples in each block show the pipe as "list form", which is not yet supported on all platforms. A good rule of thumb is that if your platform has a real "fork()" (in other words, if your platform is Unix, including Linux and MacOS X), you can use the list form. You would want to use the list form of the pipe so you can pass literal arguments to the command without risk of the shell interpreting any shell metacharacters in them. However, this also bars you from opening pipes to commands that intentionally contain shell metacharacters, such as: open(FOO, "|cat -n | expand -4 | lpr") // die "Can't open pipeline to lpr: $!"; See "Safe Pipe Opens" in perlipc for more examples of this. 

...

  Closing any piped filehandle causes the parent process to wait for the child to finish, then returns the status value in $? and "${^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE}". 

Answer 4

您正在错误地构建shell命令。 使用以下内容：

use String::ShellQuote qw( shell_quote );

my $cmd1 = shell_quote('echo', $message);
my $cmd2 = shell_quote('mailx', '-s', $subject, $to);
system("$cmd1 | $cmd2");

但是您可以通过以下操作避免使用echo和涉及shell：

open(my $pipe, "|-", "mailx", "-s", $subject, $to)
   or die("Can't execute mailx: $!\n");
print($pipe $message);
close($pipe);

更好的方法是使用旨在帮助您发送电子邮件的模块。