如何用python中的json替换变量的值？

Question

#!/usr/bin/python
import requests
import uuid

random_uuid = uuid.uuid4()
print random_uuid
url = "http://192.168.54.214:8080/credential-store/domain/_/createCredentials"

payload = '''json={
        "": "0",
        "credentials": {
            "scope": "GLOBAL",
            "id": "random_uuid",
            "username": "testuser3",
            "password": "bar",
            "description": "biz",
            "$class": "com.cloudbees.plugins.credentials.impl.UsernamePasswordCredentialsImpl"
        }
    }'''
headers = {
    'content-type': "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
    }

response = requests.request("POST", url, data=payload, headers=headers)

print(response.text)

在上面的脚本中，我创建了一个UUID并将其分配给变量random_uuid 。 我希望创建的UUID在json内random_uuid为key id random_uuid值。 但是，上面的脚本并没有替换random_uuid的值，而只是使用变量random_uuid本身。

有人可以告诉我我在做什么错吗？

提前致谢。

Answer 1

您可以为此使用字符串格式。

在您的JSON字符串中，用％s代替random_uuid：

payload = payload % random_uuid

另一个选择是使用json.dumps创建json：

payload_dict = {
    'id': random_uuid,
    ...
}

payload = json.dumps(payload_dict)

Answer 2

使用str.format代替：

payload = '''json={
        "": "0",
        "credentials": {
            "scope": "GLOBAL",
            "id": "{0}",
            "username": "testuser3",
            "password": "bar",
            "description": "biz",
            "$class": "com.cloudbees.plugins.credentials.impl.UsernamePasswordCredentialsImpl"
        }
    }'''.format(random_uuid)

Answer 3

您可以在dict使用直接JSON输入： payload = { "": "0", "credentials": { "scope": "GLOBAL", "id": random_uuid, "username": "testuser3", "password": "bar", "description": "biz", "$class": "com.cloudbees.plugins.credentials.impl.UsernamePasswordCredentialsImpl" } }

Answer 4

此代码可能会有所帮助。

#!/usr/bin/python
import requests
import uuid

random_uuid = uuid.uuid4()
print random_uuid
url = "http://192.168.54.214:8080/credential-store/domain/_/createCredentials"

payload = '''json={
        "": "0",
        "credentials": {
            "scope": "GLOBAL",
            "id": "%s",
            "username": "testuser3",
            "password": "bar",
            "description": "biz",
            "$class": "com.cloudbees.plugins.credentials.impl.UsernamePasswordCredentialsImpl"
        }
    }''' % random_uuid
headers = {
    'content-type': "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
    }

print payload

print(response.text)