数据库中的地址标准化

Question

在 MS Access 2013 中工作。有大量需要标准化的位置/地址。

示例包括以下地址：

• 500 W 主街
• 西大街500号
• 西大街500号

你明白了。

我考虑过运行一个查询来提取所有记录，其中 left(7) 或某些字符在数据库中多次存在，但该逻辑存在明显缺陷。

是否有函数或查询或其他任何东西可以帮助我以稍微不同的方式生成地址可能多次存在的记录列表？

Answer 1

这是一件棘手的事情……黑魔法和科学相等。 您会惊讶于仅林荫大道的变化。

这就是我使用 Google API 的原因。 对于初始数据集，这可能很耗时，但只需要解决新添加的问题。

例如

https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?address=500 S Main St,Providence RI 02903

返回，部分

"formatted_address" : "500 S Main St, Providence, RI 02903, USA"

好消息是

https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?address=500 South Main Steet,Providence RI 02903

返回与前一个查询相同的格式化地址

"formatted_address" : "500 S Main St, Providence, RI 02903, USA"

VBA 示例：

执行以下代码后...

' VBA project Reference required:
' Microsoft XML, v3.0

Dim httpReq As New MSXML2.ServerXMLHTTP
httpReq.Open "GET", "https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?address=500 South Main Steet,Providence RI 02903", False
httpReq.send
Dim response As String
response = httpReq.responseText

...字符串变量response包含以下 JSON 数据：

{
   "results" : [
      {
         "address_components" : [
            {
               "long_name" : "500",
               "short_name" : "500",
               "types" : [ "street_number" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "South Main Street",
               "short_name" : "S Main St",
               "types" : [ "route" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "Fox Point",
               "short_name" : "Fox Point",
               "types" : [ "neighborhood", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "Providence",
               "short_name" : "Providence",
               "types" : [ "locality", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "Providence County",
               "short_name" : "Providence County",
               "types" : [ "administrative_area_level_2", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "Rhode Island",
               "short_name" : "RI",
               "types" : [ "administrative_area_level_1", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "United States",
               "short_name" : "US",
               "types" : [ "country", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "02903",
               "short_name" : "02903",
               "types" : [ "postal_code" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "2915",
               "short_name" : "2915",
               "types" : [ "postal_code_suffix" ]
            }
         ],
         "formatted_address" : "500 S Main St, Providence, RI 02903, USA",
         "geometry" : {
            "bounds" : {
               "northeast" : {
                  "lat" : 41.82055829999999,
                  "lng" : -71.4028137
               },
               "southwest" : {
                  "lat" : 41.8204014,
                  "lng" : -71.40319219999999
               }
            },
            "location" : {
               "lat" : 41.8204799,
               "lng" : -71.40300289999999
            },
            "location_type" : "ROOFTOP",
            "viewport" : {
               "northeast" : {
                  "lat" : 41.8218288302915,
                  "lng" : -71.40165396970851
               },
               "southwest" : {
                  "lat" : 41.8191308697085,
                  "lng" : -71.40435193029151
               }
            }
         },
         "partial_match" : true,
         "place_id" : "ChIJicPQAT9F5IkRfq2njkYqZtE",
         "types" : [ "premise" ]
      }
   ],
   "status" : "OK"
}

Answer 2

约翰的回答是完全有效的，我还想补充一点，您可以使用 HERE API 实现相同的目标。 您可以使用 HERE Maps 免费执行此操作，无需信用卡即可开始使用。

https://geocode.search.hereapi.com/v1/geocode?q=500 West Main Street&apiKey=YOUR_API_KEY

返回：

{
    "items": [
        {
            "title": "500 W Main St, Alhambra, CA 91801-3308, United States",
            "id": "here:af:streetsection:-2rEzgpCkFyX.gMQjWtV1A:CgcIBCCl6q07EAEaAzUwMChk",
            "resultType": "houseNumber",
            "houseNumberType": "PA",
            "address": {
                "label": "500 W Main St, Alhambra, CA 91801-3308, United States",
                "countryCode": "USA",
                "countryName": "United States",
                "state": "California",
                "county": "Los Angeles",
                "city": "Alhambra",
                "street": "W Main St",
                "postalCode": "91801-3308",
                "houseNumber": "500"
            },
            "position": {
                "lat": 34.09193,
                "lng": -118.13238
            },
            "access": [
                {
                    "lat": 34.09241,
                    "lng": -118.13272
                }
            ],
            "mapView": {
                "west": -118.13347,
                "south": 34.09103,
                "east": -118.13129,
                "north": 34.09283
            },
            "scoring": {
                "queryScore": 1.0,
                "fieldScore": {
                    "streets": [
                        1.0
                    ],
                    "houseNumber": 1.0
                }
            }
        },
        additional results...

因此，您可以根据title规范化您的数据。