Django-使用jQuery / AJAX访问数据库

Question

我希望有人能提供帮助，因为我多次尝试都没有成功。 我尝试使用带有django的探戈书籍来适应这种情况，并在许多其他在线示例中都做了同样的尝试，但是没有运气。 无论如何...

我目前正在使用Django设计一个小型的“假新闻”网站，该网站有一个微型游戏，向用户显示新闻文章（标题，描述，图片），并且他们必须对“事实”或“小说”进行投票，然后会被告知他们是否正确以及之前有多少人投票支持该答案。

如果我将所有数据存储在像这样的javascript变量中，我的工作将完全正常：

    var questions = [
    ["Pope Francis Shocks World, Endorses Donald Trump for President, Releases Statement", 
    "News outlets around the world are reporting on the news that Pope Francis has made the unprecedented decision to endorse a US presidential candidate. His statement in support of Donald Trump was released from the Vatican this evening: 'I have been hesitant to offer any kind of support for either candidate in the US presidential election but I now feel that to not voice my concern would be a dereliction of my duty as the Holy See...",
    "fake", 7, 15, '../../static/images/popetrump.jpg'],
    ["Trump Offering Free One-Way Tickets to Africa & Mexico for Those Who Wanna Leave America", 
    "President elect Donald Trump has sensationally offered free one-way tickets to Mexico or Africa for anyone who wants to leave America in the aftermath of his election victory. The extraordinary, and highly controversial, offer was revealed by an aid at a press conference in New York this morning...",
    "fake", 13, 17, '../../static/images/TrumpTickets.jpg'],
    ["Feral pig drinks 18 cans of beer, fights cow and then passes out drunk under tree", 
    "The swine drank 18 beers on its bender in Port Hedland, Western Australia, according to ABC News. The alcohol also made the pig hungry and was seen looking through rubbish bags for something to eat...",
    "true", 8, 19, '../../static/images/pig.jpg'],
    ["Cinnamon Roll Can Explodes Inside Man's Butt During Shoplifting Incident", 
    "Las Vegas – Martin Klein, 41 of Las Vegas, was arrested after a shopping lifting incident turned horribly wrong. According to reports, Mr. Klein and his partner, Jerry Weis, had stolen several grocery items from the Las Vegas Walmart...",
    "fake", 19, 7, '../../static/images/CinnamonRollMan.jpg'],
    ["Poll: 38% of Florida voters believe Ted Cruz could be the Zodiac Killer", 
    "While a 62 percent majority of voters answered 'No' when asked if they believed Cruz was responsible for the string of murders in the early 70s, 10 percent answered 'Yes' and an additional 28 percent said they were unsure...",
    "true", 11, 6, '../../static/images/FloridaPoll.jpg'],
    ["Hamster resurrection: Pet rises from the grave at Easter after being buried in garden", 
    "Tink the hamster was found ‘cold and lifeless’ in the bottom of her cage and laid to rest by a couple who were looking after her for a friend. But the next day the rodent – who was not dead but hibernating – reappeared as perplexed Les Kilbourne-Smith crushed a pile of old boxes for recycling...",
    "true", 15, 9, '../../static/images/hamster.jpg'],
]

我已经能够将所有文章添加到数据库中，但是我不确定如何在需要时从数据库中提取数据，并随着更多人玩这个游戏来更新事实票和小说票的数量。 通过在线阅读，我相信我需要使用AJAX做到这一点，但是老实说，我不知道从哪里开始，以便每次按下下一个按钮时显示新文章，更新投票数等。

希望有人至少可以指出正确的方向，我将发布到目前为止的所有代码，并认为可能与下面的代码有关。

game.js：

 var questions = [
    ["Pope Francis Shocks World, Endorses Donald Trump for President, Releases Statement", 
    "News outlets around the world are reporting on the news that Pope Francis has made the unprecedented decision to endorse a US presidential candidate. His statement in support of Donald Trump was released from the Vatican this evening: 'I have been hesitant to offer any kind of support for either candidate in the US presidential election but I now feel that to not voice my concern would be a dereliction of my duty as the Holy See...",
    "fake", 7, 15, '../../static/images/popetrump.jpg'],
    ["Trump Offering Free One-Way Tickets to Africa & Mexico for Those Who Wanna Leave America", 
    "President elect Donald Trump has sensationally offered free one-way tickets to Mexico or Africa for anyone who wants to leave America in the aftermath of his election victory. The extraordinary, and highly controversial, offer was revealed by an aid at a press conference in New York this morning...",
    "fake", 13, 17, '../../static/images/TrumpTickets.jpg'],
    ["Feral pig drinks 18 cans of beer, fights cow and then passes out drunk under tree", 
    "The swine drank 18 beers on its bender in Port Hedland, Western Australia, according to ABC News. The alcohol also made the pig hungry and was seen looking through rubbish bags for something to eat...",
    "true", 8, 19, '../../static/images/pig.jpg'],
    ["Cinnamon Roll Can Explodes Inside Man's Butt During Shoplifting Incident", 
    "Las Vegas – Martin Klein, 41 of Las Vegas, was arrested after a shopping lifting incident turned horribly wrong. According to reports, Mr. Klein and his partner, Jerry Weis, had stolen several grocery items from the Las Vegas Walmart...",
    "fake", 19, 7, '../../static/images/CinnamonRollMan.jpg'],
    ["Poll: 38% of Florida voters believe Ted Cruz could be the Zodiac Killer", 
    "While a 62 percent majority of voters answered 'No' when asked if they believed Cruz was responsible for the string of murders in the early 70s, 10 percent answered 'Yes' and an additional 28 percent said they were unsure...",
    "true", 11, 6, '../../static/images/FloridaPoll.jpg'],
    ["Hamster resurrection: Pet rises from the grave at Easter after being buried in garden", 
    "Tink the hamster was found ‘cold and lifeless’ in the bottom of her cage and laid to rest by a couple who were looking after her for a friend. But the next day the rodent – who was not dead but hibernating – reappeared as perplexed Les Kilbourne-Smith crushed a pile of old boxes for recycling...",
    "true", 15, 9, '../../static/images/hamster.jpg'],
]

var questionCount = 0;
var correctAnswer = 0;


$(document).ready(function() {
        $("#answer").hide();
        $("#game_home").hide();
        $("#game_title").html(questions[questionCount][0]);
        $("#game_description").html(questions[questionCount][1]);
        $("#game_picture").attr('src', questions[questionCount][5]);
        $("#game_fact").click(function() {

            $("#game_picture").hide();
            $("#game_fact").prop('disabled', true);
            $("#game_fiction").prop('disabled', true);
            if(questions[questionCount][2] == "true"){
                $("#your_answer").html("Correct! This story is a Fact!");
                $("#current_answer_fact").html("Fact: " + (((questions[questionCount][3])/(questions[questionCount][3]+questions[questionCount][4]))*100).toFixed(2) + "%");
                $("#current_answer_fiction").html("Fiction: " + (((questions[questionCount][4])/(questions[questionCount][3]+questions[questionCount][4]))*100).toFixed(2) + "%");
                questions[questionCount][3] = questions[questionCount][3]+1;
                correctAnswer += 1;
            }
            else{
                $("#your_answer").html("Incorrect! This story is actually Fiction!");
                $("#current_answer_fact").html("Fact: " + (((questions[questionCount][3])/(questions[questionCount][3]+questions[questionCount][4]))*100).toFixed(2) + "%");
                $("#current_answer_fiction").html("Fiction: " + (((questions[questionCount][4])/(questions[questionCount][3]+questions[questionCount][4]))*100).toFixed(2) + "%");
                questions[questionCount][3] = questions[questionCount][3]+1
            }
            $("#answer").show();
        });
        $("#game_fiction").click(function() {
            $("#game_picture").hide();
            $("#game_fact").prop('disabled', true);
            $("#game_fiction").prop('disabled', true);
            if(questions[questionCount][2] == "fake"){
                $("#your_answer").html("Correct! This story is Fiction!");
                $("#current_answer_fact").html("Fact: " + (((questions[questionCount][3])/(questions[questionCount][3]+questions[questionCount][4]))*100).toFixed(2) + "%");
                $("#current_answer_fiction").html("Fiction: " + (((questions[questionCount][4])/(questions[questionCount][3]+questions[questionCount][4]))*100).toFixed(2) + "%");
                questions[questionCount][3] = questions[questionCount][4]+1
                correctAnswer += 1;
            }
            else{
                $("#your_answer").html("Incorrect! This story is actually a Fact!");
                $("#current_answer_fact").html("Fact: " + (((questions[questionCount][3])/(questions[questionCount][3]+questions[questionCount][4]))*100).toFixed(2) + "%");
                $("#current_answer_fiction").html("Fiction: " + (((questions[questionCount][4])/(questions[questionCount][3]+questions[questionCount][4]))*100).toFixed(2) + "%");
                questions[questionCount][3] = questions[questionCount][4]+1
            }
            $("#answer").show();
        });
        $("#game_next").click(function() {
            questionCount += 1;
            if(questionCount == questions.length){
                $("#your_answer").html("Thanks for playing!");
                $("#current_answer").html("You scored " + correctAnswer + " out of " + questions.length);
                $("#game_home").show();
                $("#game_fact").hide();
                $("#game_fiction").hide();
                $("#game_title").hide();
                $("#game_description").hide();
                $("#game_next").hide();
                $("#current_answer_fact").hide();
                $("#current_answer_fiction").hide();
                $("#game_or").hide();
            }
            else{
            $("#game_picture").attr('src', questions[questionCount][5]);
            $("#answer").hide();
            $("#game_picture").show();
            $("#game_title").html(questions[questionCount][0]);
            $("#game_description").html(questions[questionCount][1]);
            $("#game_fact").prop('disabled', false);
            $("#game_fiction").prop('disabled', false);
            }
        });
      });

人口脚本：

import os
os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'fact_or_fiction.settings')

import django
django.setup()
from factorfiction.models import Page, GameArticle

def populate():

    game_articles = [
        {"title":"Pope Francis Shocks World, Endorses Donald Trump for President, Releases Statement",
        "description":"News outlets around the world are reporting on the news that Pope Francis has made the unprecedented decision to endorse a US presidential candidate. His statement in support of Donald Trump was released from the Vatican this evening: 'I have been hesitant to offer any kind of support for either candidate in the US presidential election but I now feel that to not voice my concern would be a dereliction of my duty as the Holy See...",
        "answer":"fake",
        "fact": 7,
        "fiction": 15,
        "picture": "../../static/images/popetrump.jpg"},
        {"title":"Trump Offering Free One-Way Tickets to Africa & Mexico for Those Who Wanna Leave America",
        "description":"President elect Donald Trump has sensationally offered free one-way tickets to Mexico or Africa for anyone who wants to leave America in the aftermath of his election victory. The extraordinary, and highly controversial, offer was revealed by an aid at a press conference in New York this morning...",
        "answer":"fake",
        "fact": 13,
        "fiction": 17,
        "picture": "../../static/images/TrumpTickets.jpg"},
        {"title":"Feral pig drinks 18 cans of beer, fights cow and then passes out drunk under tree",
        "description":"The swine drank 18 beers on its bender in Port Hedland, Western Australia, according to ABC News. The alcohol also made the pig hungry and was seen looking through rubbish bags for something to eat...",
        "answer":"true",
        "fact": 8,
        "fiction": 19,
        "picture": "../../static/images/pig.jpg"},
        {"title":"Cinnamon Roll Can Explodes Inside Man's Butt During Shoplifting Incident",
        "description":"Las Vegas – Martin Klein, 41 of Las Vegas, was arrested after a shopping lifting incident turned horribly wrong. According to reports, Mr. Klein and his partner, Jerry Weis, had stolen several grocery items from the Las Vegas Walmart...",
        "answer":"fake",
        "fact": 19,
        "fiction": 7,
        "picture": "../../static/images/CinnamonRollMan.jpg"},
        {"title":"Poll: 38% of Florida voters believe Ted Cruz could be the Zodiac Killer",
        "description":"While a 62 percent majority of voters answered 'No' when asked if they believed Cruz was responsible for the string of murders in the early 70s, 10 percent answered 'Yes' and an additional 28 percent said they were unsure...",
        "answer":"true",
        "fact": 11,
        "fiction": 6,
        "picture": "../../static/images/FloridaPoll.jpg"},
        {"title":"Hamster resurrection: Pet rises from the grave at Easter after being buried in garden",
        "description":"Tink the hamster was found ‘cold and lifeless’ in the bottom of her cage and laid to rest by a couple who were looking after her for a friend. But the next day the rodent – who was not dead but hibernating – reappeared as perplexed Les Kilbourne-Smith crushed a pile of old boxes for recycling...",
        "answer":"true",
        "fact": 15,
        "fiction": 9,
        "picture": "../../static/images/hamster.jpg"}]

    for eachArticle in game_articles:
        add_game_article(eachArticle["title"], eachArticle["description"], eachArticle["picture"], eachArticle["answer"], eachArticle["fact"], eachArticle["fiction"])



def add_game_article(title,description,picture, answer, fact=0, fiction=0):
    games = GameArticle.objects.get_or_create(title=title)[0]
    games.description=description
    games.answer=answer
    games.fact=fact
    games.fiction=fiction
    games.picture=picture
    games.save()
    return games


if __name__ == '__main__':
    print("Starting FactOrFiction population script...")
    populate()

fofgame.html：

{% extends 'factorfiction/base.html' %}
    {% load staticfiles %}

    {% block title_block  %}
    FoF Game
    {% endblock %}


    {% block main_body_block %}
    <div class="current_article">
    <div class="row">
        <h1 id="game_title"></h1>
    </div>
    <div class="row">
        <p id="game_description">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aenean 
        commodo ligula eget dolor. Aenean massa. Cum sociis natoque penatibus 
        et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Donec quam felis, 
        ultricies nec, pellentesque eu, pretium quis, sem. Nulla consequat massa quis enim.</p>
    </div>
        <button id="game_fact" type="button">Fact</button>
        <p id="game_or">OR</p>
        <button id="game_fiction" type="button">Fiction</button>
        <img id="game_picture" src='{% static "images/fakenews.jpg" %}' alt="Article Picture" />
        <div id="answer">
            <h1 id="your_answer"></h1>
            <p id="current_answer">Currently, other users have said:</p>
            <p id="current_answer_fact"></p>
            <p id="current_answer_fiction"></p>
            <button id="game_next" type="button">Next</button>
            <a href="{% url 'index' %}"><button id="game_home" type="button">Homepage</button></a>
        </div>
    </div>
    {% endblock %}

Answer 1

这是ajax请求的示例。 单击按钮并向{％url“ ajax_requests”％}发出POST请求时，它将触发。 成功地它将一些数据加载到div ... console.log（）仅用于检查返回的数据。

<script>
    $("#button1").click(function () {
     var itemid=1;

        $.ajaxSetup({
            data: {csrfmiddlewaretoken: '{{ csrf_token }}' },
       });

       $.ajax({
        url: '{% url "ajax_requests" %}',
        type: 'POST',
        data: {
          'item_id': itemid,
        },
        dataType: 'json',
        success: function (data) {
          if (data) {
            console.log(data);

            html = '<img src="/user_images/' + data[6].fields.requesting_user[2] + ' "class="img-responsive" alt="Kuva">';
            $("#test").append(html);
          }
        }
      });

    });

  </script>

因此，要进行此工作，您需要添加一个视图，并从your_app / urls.py指向该视图。 像这样：

url(r'^ajax_requests/', ajaxrequests_view, name='ajax_requests'),

然后在views.py中查询数据，然后将其序列化为json并返回：

def ajaxrequests_view(request):
    item_id = request.POST.get('item_id', None)
    get_data = MyModel.objects.select_related('item_owner').filter(item_id=item_id)
    ser_data = serializers.serialize("json", get_data)

    return HttpResponse(ser_data, content_type="application/json")