PyQt和MatPlotLib-将QComboBox连接到绘图功能

Question

我需要将comboBox连接到在单独的类的方法中定义的绘图函数，如下所示。 理想的结果是，在comboBox的项目中选择的范围是图中绘制的范围，因此选择时也有必要刷新画布，我也可以参考。

我可以想到两种方法来获得此结果，但都存在问题。 理想情况下，comboBox应该在包含plot函数的类中定义，以避免从类外部将其连接到class（method（ function ）））的困难，但是我认为这是不可能的。 或者，可以在setupUI中定义它，但是我如何将其连接到plot函数？ 是否可以从该类之外访问该类的方法的功能？ 关于这两种方法的建议将不胜感激。 我已经尽可能地精简了代码。

import math
import matplotlib
import numpy as np
from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt4agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas

try:
    _fromUtf8 = QtCore.QString.fromUtf8
except AttributeError:
    def _fromUtf8(s):
        return s

try:
    _encoding = QtGui.QApplication.UnicodeUTF8
    def _translate(context, text, disambig):
        return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig, _encoding)
except AttributeError:
    def _translate(context, text, disambig):
        return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig)

class MyMplCanvas(FigureCanvas):

    def __init__(self, parent=None, width=5, height=4, dpi=100):
        fig = Figure(figsize=(width, height), dpi=dpi)
        self.axes = fig.add_subplot(111)

        self.compute_initial_figure()

        FigureCanvas.__init__(self, fig)
        self.setParent(parent)

        FigureCanvas.setSizePolicy(self,
                                   QtGui.QSizePolicy.Expanding,
                                   QtGui.QSizePolicy.Expanding)
        FigureCanvas.updateGeometry(self)

    def compute_initial_figure(self):
        pass

class UsersPerCountryAndPlatformBar(MyMplCanvas):

    def compute_initial_figure(self):

        A_B = [['Afghanistan', 'Albania', 'Algeria', 'American Samoa', 'Angola'], [1, 9, 7, 1, 1], [1, 7, 2, 0, 1], \
    [0, 4, 3, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0, 0]]
        C_F = [['Cambodia', 'Canada', 'Chile', 'China', 'Colombia'], [13, 189, 12, 5, 10], [5, 115, 6, 64, 7], \
    [1, 11, 1, 2, 4], [2, 12, 0, 2, 0], [2, 5, 0, 0, 0]]

        def plot(X_Y):
            summedX_Y = []
            for i in range(len(X_Y[0])):
                summedX_Y.append(X_Y[1][i] + X_Y[2][i] + X_Y[3][i] + X_Y[4][i] + X_Y[5][i])

            def roundup(x):
                return int(math.ceil(x / 10.0)) * 10

            N = len(X_Y[0])
            ind = np.arange(N)
            width = 0.75
            colors = ['yellowgreen', 'paleturquoise', 'royalblue', 'lightsteelblue', 'firebrick']

            print [x + y for x, y in zip(X_Y[1], X_Y[2])]
            print [x + y + z for x, y, z in zip(X_Y[1], X_Y[2], X_Y[3])]
            print [x + y + z + i for x, y, z, i in zip(X_Y[1], X_Y[2], X_Y[3], X_Y[4])]

            p1 = self.axes.bar(ind, X_Y[1], width, color = colors[0])
            p2 = self.axes.bar(ind, X_Y[2], width, bottom = X_Y[1], color = colors[1])
            p3 = self.axes.bar(ind, X_Y[3], width, bottom = [x + y for x, y in zip(X_Y[1], X_Y[2])], color = colors[2])
            p4 = self.axes.bar(ind, X_Y[4], width, bottom = [x + y + z for x, y, z in zip(X_Y[1], X_Y[2], X_Y[3])], color = colors[3])
            p5 = self.axes.bar(ind, X_Y[5], width, bottom = [x + y + z + i for x, y, z, i in zip(X_Y[1], X_Y[2], X_Y[3], X_Y[4])], color = colors[4])

            self.axes.set_ylabel('Count')
            self.axes.set_title('Users Per Country And Platform')
            self.axes.set_xticks(ind)
            self.axes.set_xticklabels(countrylabels, fontsize = 8)
            self.axes.set_yticklabels(np.arange(0, max(summedX_Y), roundup(max(summedX_Y) / 10)))
            self.axes.legend((p1[0], p2[0], p3[0], p4[0], p5[0]), ('Android', 'iOS', 'Windows', 'OS X', 'WebGL'))

            '''comboBox = QtGui.QComboBox(self)
            comboBox.addItem('A_B')
            comboBox.addItem('C_F')
            comboBox.activated[str].connect(compute_initial_figure(plot(text)))'''
            # should plot(A_B) or (C_F) as selected

class Ui_MainWindow(object):

    def setupUi(self, MainWindow):

        self.main_widget = QtGui.QWidget(MainWindow)
        l = QtGui.QVBoxLayout(self.main_widget)
        UPCP = UsersPerCountryAndPlatformBar(self.main_widget, width = 10, height = 5, dpi = 100)
        l.addWidget(UPCP)
        self.main_widget.setFocus()
        MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.main_widget)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    import sys
    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
    MainWindow = QtGui.QMainWindow()
    ui = Ui_MainWindow()
    ui.setupUi(MainWindow)
    MainWindow.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

Answer 1

您可以查看下面的代码。 为了更好的可读性，我删除了双重子类。

compute_initial_figure当FigureCanvas初始化被调用。
该组合位于mainwindow类中，并连接到更新功能。 该函数将文本从组合框转换为一些数据，然后传递给绘图函数。

import math
import numpy as np
from PyQt4 import QtGui

from matplotlib.figure import Figure
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt4agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas



class UsersPerCountryAndPlatformBar(FigureCanvas):

    def __init__(self, parent=None, width=5, height=4, dpi=100):
        fig = Figure(figsize=(width, height), dpi=dpi)
        FigureCanvas.__init__(self, fig)

        self.axes = fig.add_subplot(111)
        self.compute_initial_figure()

    def compute_initial_figure(self):

        A_B = [['Afghanistan', 'Albania', 'Algeria', 'American Samoa', 'Angola'], [1, 9, 7, 1, 1], [1, 7, 2, 0, 1], \
                [0, 4, 3, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0, 0]]
        C_F = [['Cambodia', 'Canada', 'Chile', 'China', 'Colombia'], [13, 189, 12, 5, 10], [5, 115, 6, 64, 7], \
                [1, 11, 1, 2, 4], [2, 12, 0, 2, 0], [2, 5, 0, 0, 0]]
        self.data = {"A_B" : A_B, "C_F" : C_F}
        self.updatefig("A_B")

    def updatefig(self, text):
        self.plot(self.data[text])

    def plot(self, X_Y):
        self.axes.clear()
        summedX_Y = []
        for i in range(len(X_Y[0])):
            summedX_Y.append(X_Y[1][i] + X_Y[2][i] + X_Y[3][i] + X_Y[4][i] + X_Y[5][i])

        def roundup(x):
            return int(math.ceil(x / 10.0)) * 10

        N = len(X_Y[0])
        ind = np.arange(N)
        width = 0.75
        colors = ['yellowgreen', 'paleturquoise', 'royalblue', 'lightsteelblue', 'firebrick']

        print [x + y for x, y in zip(X_Y[1], X_Y[2])]
        print [x + y + z for x, y, z in zip(X_Y[1], X_Y[2], X_Y[3])]
        print [x + y + z + i for x, y, z, i in zip(X_Y[1], X_Y[2], X_Y[3], X_Y[4])]

        p1 = self.axes.bar(ind, X_Y[1], width, color = colors[0])
        p2 = self.axes.bar(ind, X_Y[2], width, bottom = X_Y[1], color = colors[1])
        p3 = self.axes.bar(ind, X_Y[3], width, bottom = [x + y for x, y in zip(X_Y[1], X_Y[2])], color = colors[2])
        p4 = self.axes.bar(ind, X_Y[4], width, bottom = [x + y + z for x, y, z in zip(X_Y[1], X_Y[2], X_Y[3])], color = colors[3])
        p5 = self.axes.bar(ind, X_Y[5], width, bottom = [x + y + z + i for x, y, z, i in zip(X_Y[1], X_Y[2], X_Y[3], X_Y[4])], color = colors[4])

        self.axes.set_ylabel('Count')
        self.axes.set_title('Users Per Country And Platform')
        self.axes.set_xticks(ind)
        #self.axes.set_xticklabels(countrylabels, fontsize = 8)
        self.axes.set_yticklabels(np.arange(0, max(summedX_Y), roundup(max(summedX_Y) / 10)))
        self.axes.legend((p1[0], p2[0], p3[0], p4[0], p5[0]), ('Android', 'iOS', 'Windows', 'OS X', 'WebGL'))
        self.draw_idle()

class Ui_MainWindow(object):

    def setupUi(self, MainWindow):

        self.main_widget = QtGui.QWidget(MainWindow)
        l = QtGui.QVBoxLayout(self.main_widget)

        self.main_widget.setFocus()
        MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.main_widget)

        self.UPCP = UsersPerCountryAndPlatformBar(self.main_widget, width = 10, height = 5, dpi = 100)

        comboBox = QtGui.QComboBox(MainWindow)
        comboBox.addItem('A_B')
        comboBox.addItem('C_F')
        comboBox.activated[str].connect(self.UPCP.updatefig)
        l.addWidget(comboBox)
        l.addWidget(self.UPCP)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    import sys
    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
    MainWindow = QtGui.QMainWindow()
    ui = Ui_MainWindow()
    ui.setupUi(MainWindow)
    MainWindow.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())