调试 Visual Studio 2017 扩展找不到程序集

Question

我正在尝试更新我的Diff All Files Visual Studio 扩展以支持 VS 2017。在调试我的扩展时，它抱怨找不到所需的程序集：

System.Windows.Markup.XamlParseException occurred
  HResult=0x80131501
  Message=Could not load file or assembly 'QuickConverter, PublicKeyToken=9c892aa7bc2af2cf' or one of its dependencies. The system cannot find the file specified.
  Source=PresentationFramework
  StackTrace:
   at System.Windows.Markup.WpfXamlLoader.Load(XamlReader xamlReader, IXamlObjectWriterFactory writerFactory, Boolean skipJournaledProperties, Object rootObject, XamlObjectWriterSettings settings, Uri baseUri)
   at System.Windows.Markup.WpfXamlLoader.LoadBaml(XamlReader xamlReader, Boolean skipJournaledProperties, Object rootObject, XamlAccessLevel accessLevel, Uri baseUri)
   at System.Windows.Markup.XamlReader.LoadBaml(Stream stream, ParserContext parserContext, Object parent, Boolean closeStream)
   at System.Windows.Application.LoadComponent(Object component, Uri resourceLocator)
   at VS_DiffAllFiles.Sections.DiffAllFilesSectionControl.InitializeComponent() in D:\dev\Git\VS.DiffAllFiles\VS.DiffAllFiles.VS2017\obj\Debug\DiffAllFilesSectionControl.xaml:line 1
   at VS_DiffAllFiles.Sections.DiffAllFilesSectionControl..ctor(DiffAllFilesSectionBase parentSection) in D:\dev\Git\VS.DiffAllFiles\VS.DiffAllFiles\Sections\DiffAllFilesSectionControl.xaml.cs:line 18
   at VS_DiffAllFiles.DiffAllFilesBaseClasses.DiffAllFilesSectionBase..ctor() in D:\dev\Git\VS.DiffAllFiles\VS.DiffAllFiles\DiffAllFilesBaseClasses\DiffAllFilesSectionBase.cs:line 82
   at VS_DiffAllFiles.DiffAllFilesBaseClasses.TfsDiffAllFilesSectionBase..ctor()
   at VS_DiffAllFiles.DiffAllFilesBaseClasses.SupportsIncludedAndExcludedChangesTfsSectionBase..ctor()
   at VS_DiffAllFiles.Sections.PendingChangesSection..ctor() in D:\dev\Git\VS.DiffAllFiles\VS.DiffAllFiles\Sections\PendingChangesSection.cs:line 27

Inner Exception 1:
FileNotFoundException: Could not load file or assembly 'QuickConverter, PublicKeyToken=9c892aa7bc2af2cf' or one of its dependencies. The system cannot find the file specified.

我已确认该文件存在于C:\\Users\\Dan.Schroeder\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\VisualStudio\\15.0_b920d444Exp\\Extensions\\DansKingdom\\Diff All Files for VS2017\\1.0\\QuickConverter.dll并且它具有正确的名称和公钥。

我也捕获了Fusion Logs （即Assembly Binding Log Viewer）来捕获绑定错误，看来VS并没有在它所在的目录中寻找dll文件； 它不是查看实验扩展目录，而是查看实际的 VS 2017 目录。 我捕获了这个错误，另一个带有包含版本的完全限定名称，这是程序集的正确版本：

*** Assembly Binder Log Entry  (4/13/2017 @ 1:18:51 AM) ***

The operation failed.
Bind result: hr = 0x80070002. The system cannot find the file specified.

Assembly manager loaded from:  C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\clr.dll
Running under executable  C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Enterprise\Common7\IDE\devenv.exe
--- A detailed error log follows. 

=== Pre-bind state information ===
LOG: DisplayName = QuickConverter, PublicKeyToken=9c892aa7bc2af2cf
 (Partial)
WRN: Partial binding information was supplied for an assembly:
WRN: Assembly Name: QuickConverter, PublicKeyToken=9c892aa7bc2af2cf | Domain ID: 1
WRN: A partial bind occurs when only part of the assembly display name is provided.
WRN: This might result in the binder loading an incorrect assembly.
WRN: It is recommended to provide a fully specified textual identity for the assembly,
WRN: that consists of the simple name, version, culture, and public key token.
WRN: See whitepaper http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=109270 for more information and common solutions to this issue.
LOG: Appbase = file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Enterprise/Common7/IDE/
LOG: Initial PrivatePath = NULL
LOG: Dynamic Base = NULL
LOG: Cache Base = NULL
LOG: AppName = devenv.exe
Calling assembly : (Unknown).
===
LOG: This bind starts in default load context.
LOG: Using application configuration file: C:\Users\Dan.Schroeder\AppData\Local\Microsoft\VisualStudio\15.0_b920d444Exp\devenv.exe.config
LOG: Using host configuration file: 
LOG: Using machine configuration file from C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\config\machine.config.
LOG: Policy not being applied to reference at this time (private, custom, partial, or location-based assembly bind).
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Enterprise/Common7/IDE/QuickConverter.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Enterprise/Common7/IDE/QuickConverter/QuickConverter.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Enterprise/Common7/IDE/PublicAssemblies/QuickConverter.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Enterprise/Common7/IDE/PublicAssemblies/QuickConverter/QuickConverter.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Enterprise/Common7/IDE/PrivateAssemblies/QuickConverter.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Enterprise/Common7/IDE/PrivateAssemblies/QuickConverter/QuickConverter.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Enterprise/Common7/IDE/CommonExtensions/Microsoft/TemplateProviders/QuickConverter.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Enterprise/Common7/IDE/CommonExtensions/Microsoft/TemplateProviders/QuickConverter/QuickConverter.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Enterprise/Common7/IDE/CommonExtensions/Platform/Debugger/QuickConverter.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Enterprise/Common7/IDE/CommonExtensions/Platform/Debugger/QuickConverter/QuickConverter.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Enterprise/Common7/IDE/CommonExtensions/Platform/DiagnosticsHub/QuickConverter.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Enterprise/Common7/IDE/CommonExtensions/Platform/DiagnosticsHub/QuickConverter/QuickConverter.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Enterprise/Common7/IDE/PrivateAssemblies/DataCollectors/QuickConverter.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Enterprise/Common7/IDE/PrivateAssemblies/DataCollectors/QuickConverter/QuickConverter.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Enterprise/Common7/IDE/PrivateAssemblies/DataCollectors/x86/QuickConverter.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Enterprise/Common7/IDE/PrivateAssemblies/DataCollectors/x86/QuickConverter/QuickConverter.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Enterprise/Common7/IDE/QuickConverter.EXE.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Enterprise/Common7/IDE/QuickConverter/QuickConverter.EXE.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Enterprise/Common7/IDE/PublicAssemblies/QuickConverter.EXE.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Enterprise/Common7/IDE/PublicAssemblies/QuickConverter/QuickConverter.EXE.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Enterprise/Common7/IDE/PrivateAssemblies/QuickConverter.EXE.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Enterprise/Common7/IDE/PrivateAssemblies/QuickConverter/QuickConverter.EXE.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Enterprise/Common7/IDE/CommonExtensions/Microsoft/TemplateProviders/QuickConverter.EXE.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Enterprise/Common7/IDE/CommonExtensions/Microsoft/TemplateProviders/QuickConverter/QuickConverter.EXE.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Enterprise/Common7/IDE/CommonExtensions/Platform/Debugger/QuickConverter.EXE.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Enterprise/Common7/IDE/CommonExtensions/Platform/Debugger/QuickConverter/QuickConverter.EXE.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Enterprise/Common7/IDE/CommonExtensions/Platform/DiagnosticsHub/QuickConverter.EXE.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Enterprise/Common7/IDE/CommonExtensions/Platform/DiagnosticsHub/QuickConverter/QuickConverter.EXE.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Enterprise/Common7/IDE/PrivateAssemblies/DataCollectors/QuickConverter.EXE.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Enterprise/Common7/IDE/PrivateAssemblies/DataCollectors/QuickConverter/QuickConverter.EXE.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Enterprise/Common7/IDE/PrivateAssemblies/DataCollectors/x86/QuickConverter.EXE.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Enterprise/Common7/IDE/PrivateAssemblies/DataCollectors/x86/QuickConverter/QuickConverter.EXE.
LOG: All probing URLs attempted and failed.

关于为什么 VS 没有在正确的位置加载该程序集的任何想法？ 或者还有什么我想念的吗？

在为 VS 2012、2013 或 2015 开发扩展时，我没有遇到这个问题。我通过提供rootsuffix Exp命令行参数来调试 Visual Studio 扩展，就像我对以前的 Visual Studio 版本所做的一样。

如果你愿意，你可以下载源代码并自己重现问题（这是AddVs2017Support分支）； 只需卸载除 VS.DiffAllFiles 和 VS.DiffAllFiles.VS2017 项目之外的所有项目。

任何想法/建议表示赞赏。 谢谢。

---

更新 1

根据Hans Passant 提供的链接，我尝试将 .pkgdef 文件添加到我的项目并将其作为资产包含在我的 .vsixmanifest 文件中，但问题仍然存在。 当我查看C:\\Users\\Dan.Schroeder\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\VisualStudio\\15.0_b920d444Exp\\devenv.exe.config文件时，我仍然没有看到对我的程序集的任何引用，所以它似乎不是向该文件添加任何内容。 此外，融合日志仍然报告与我上面提供的完全相同的信息。

当我尝试手动生成 .pkgdef 文件时（因为它应该作为构建过程的一部分自动完成），我收到以下错误。 在尝试在 Visual Studio 之外生成它时，我不确定这是否符合预期（我只是使用常规命令提示符）。

C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Enterprise\VSSDK\VisualStudioIntegration\Tools\Bin>CreatePkgDef.exe /out="C:\Temp\Def.pkgdef" "C:\Users\Dan.Schroeder\AppData\Local\Microsoft\VisualStudio\15.0_b920d444Exp\Extensions\DansKingdom\Diff All Files for VS2017\1.0\VS.DiffAllFiles.VS2017.dll"
Visual Studio (R) PkgDef Creation Utility.
Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

Assembly: VS.DiffAllFiles.VS2017 1.0.0.0
Output file: C:\Temp\Def.pkgdef

CreatePkgDef : error : ReflectionTypeLoadException: Unable to load one or more of the requested types. Retrieve the LoaderExceptions property for more information.
   at System.Reflection.RuntimeModule.GetTypes(RuntimeModule module)
   at System.Reflection.RuntimeModule.GetTypes()
   at System.Reflection.Assembly.GetTypes()
   at Microsoft.VisualStudio.Tools.CreatePkgDef.ProcessAssembly(String fileName, Hive hive, PkgDefContext context, Boolean register, RegistrationMode mode) in F:\dd\src\vssdk\VSIntegration\Tools\src\CreatePkgDef\CreatePkgDef.cs:line 261
   at Microsoft.VisualStudio.Tools.CreatePkgDef.DoCreatePkgDef(InputArguments inputArguments) in F:\dd\src\vssdk\VSIntegration\Tools\src\CreatePkgDef\CreatePkgDef.cs:line 164
   at Microsoft.VisualStudio.Tools.CreatePkgDef.Main(String[] arguments) in F:\dd\src\vssdk\VSIntegration\Tools\src\CreatePkgDef\CreatePkgDef.cs:line 85
Could not load file or assembly 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.Shell.15.0, Version=15.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a' or one of its dependencies. The system cannot find the file specified.
Could not load file or assembly 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.Shell.15.0, Version=15.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a' or one of its dependencies. The system cannot find the file specified.
Could not load file or assembly 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.Shell.15.0, Version=15.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a' or one of its dependencies. The system cannot find the file specified.

同样，这些最新更改已推送到GitHub 上AddVs2017Support分支下的源代码，供任何想查看代码以尝试发现问题的人使用。

---

更新 2

我还尝试了重置 Visual Studio 2017 实验实例，以及在我的常规（非实验）VS 2017 实例上安装 vsix，但它仍然导致无法找到程序集的相同错误。

如果我手动将 dll 文件复制到C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Microsoft Visual Studio\\2017\\Enterprise\\Common7\\IDE目录，则找到它并且我不再收到错误消息。 我只是不确定为什么 Visual Studio 不在我的扩展目录中查找它，而那里确实存在完全相同的文件。

Answer 1

您可以尝试在 VSIX 项目的 AssemblyInfo.cs 中添加以下代码：

[assembly: ProvideCodeBase(CodeBase = @"$PackageFolder$\QuickConverter.dll")]

我尝试使用 VS 2017 更新 7 并且效果很好。

Answer 2

我遇到了类似的情况，并得到了相同的错误和融合日志结果。 为了找到问题的根源，我最终做的是在调试时在实验实例中启用活动日志记录。 因此，在 VSIX 项目的调试设置中，将启动参数更改为“/rootsuffix Exp /log”。

调试扩展并重现问题。

然后检查活动日志文件：C:\\Users\\%username%\\AppData\\Roaming\\Microsoft\\VisualStudio\\15.0_796eceb7Exp\\ActivityLog.xml

在我的特定实例中，我使用了一个带有向导扩展的项目模板。 在项目的 .vstemplate 文件中，有一个带有向导实现的命名空间和类名的魔法字符串。 我重命名了类，但没有更新模板中的字符串。

Answer 3

我一直无法确定此问题的根本原因。 我最初所做的是在 Visual Studio 中创建一个新的 VS2017 VSIX 项目，然后将我的 VS2015 VSIX 项目中的所有文件都包含在其中，这就是我遇到此错误的时候。

最终对我有用的是删除那个 VS2017 项目，而只是复制粘贴我现有的 VS2015 项目，然后将 .csproj 和其他文件重命名为 2017 而不是 2015。然后我在 VS 2017 中打开了该项目并让它进行升级迁移，然后更新 vsixmanifest 文件以支持 VS 2017。一旦完成，事情就会按预期进行。

Answer 4

经过几天的研究，我能够使用 VS 2017 让它为我工作。一般的问题确实是 Visual Studio 正在错误的位置寻找程序集。 签署没有我之前怀疑的问题。 我的 VSIX/Wizard 程序集包含在 VSIX 中，但是在我安装它之后，VS 找不到它。 如果你查看 C:\\Users\\Username\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\VisualStudio\\15.0_ff857330Exp\\Extensions 文件夹，程序集就在那里。 似乎 VS 并没有在那里搜索它。

因此，解决方案是设置“安装根”属性。

• 在 Visual Studio 中选择您的 VSIX 项目并转到属性窗口。
• 在“VSIX”选项卡下，将“安装根”从“默认”更改为例如“PublicAssemblies”（您也可以选择另一个选项，但 PublicAssemblies 工作正常）
• 然后您必须编辑您的 source.extension.vsixmanifest 并设置“此 VSIX 已为所有用户安装”。 否则，您将无法使用更改后的安装目录进行构建。

然后，清单中引用的程序集将在 VSIX 安装上复制到 C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Microsoft Visual Studio\\2017\\Professional\\Common7\\IDE\\PublicAssemblies 位置，使用已安装的模板时可以轻松找到它们。 据我所知，没有办法以另一种方式更改默认安装路径，也无法在没有提升权限的情况下进行更改。

希望这个答案可以为您节省数天的研究和尝试。