Bundler错过了Mac上的宝石

Question

我在使用捆绑器加载宝石时遇到问题。 仅在我的mac环境中发生。 无法通过捆绑程序找到该宝石，但是当我通过gem install #{gem}在全球范围内安装该宝石时，它将起作用。

我想这是特定于环境的，但是我不确定如何调试它。 我在Ubuntu盒子上安装了相同版本的ruby，ruby-install和chruby和bundler，但工作正常。

到目前为止，我在使用spring-comands-rspec和rack-cors宝石时遇到了这个问题。

损坏的环境（Mac）：

OS: Darwin nb-mjacobus2 16.7.0 Darwin Kernel Version 16.7.0: Thu Jun 15 17:36:27 PDT 2017; root:xnu-3789.70.16~2/RELEASE_X86_64 x86_64
Bundler: 1.15.4
ruby-install: 0.6.1
chruby: 0.3.9
ruby: ruby 2.4.1p111 (2017-03-22 revision 58053) [x86_64-darwin16]

暴露错误：

宝石文件

group :development do
  # ...
  gem 'spring-commands-rspec'
  # ...
end

运行测试

./bin/rspec spec/controller/some_controller_spec.rb:8
/$HOME/.rubies/ruby-2.4.1/lib/ruby/2.4.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require': cannot load such file -- spring-commands-rspec (LoadError)
        from /$HOME/.rubies/ruby-2.4.1/lib/ruby/2.4.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require'
        from /$HOME/.spring.rb:2:in `<top (required)>'
        from /$HOME/.rubies/ruby-2.4.1/lib/ruby/2.4.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require'
        from /$HOME/.rubies/ruby-2.4.1/lib/ruby/2.4.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require'
        from /$HOME/.gem/ruby/2.4.1/gems/spring-2.0.2/lib/spring/commands.rb:29:in `<module:Spring>'
        from /$HOME/.gem/ruby/2.4.1/gems/spring-2.0.2/lib/spring/commands.rb:4:in `<top (required)>'
        from /$HOME/.rubies/ruby-2.4.1/lib/ruby/2.4.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require'
        from /$HOME/.rubies/ruby-2.4.1/lib/ruby/2.4.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require'
        from /$HOME/.gem/ruby/2.4.1/gems/spring-2.0.2/lib/spring/server.rb:9:in `<top (required)>'
        from /$HOME/.rubies/ruby-2.4.1/lib/ruby/2.4.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require'
        from /$HOME/.rubies/ruby-2.4.1/lib/ruby/2.4.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require'
        from /$HOME/.gem/ruby/2.4.1/gems/spring-2.0.2/lib/spring/client/server.rb:9:in `call'
        from /$HOME/.gem/ruby/2.4.1/gems/spring-2.0.2/lib/spring/client/command.rb:7:in `call'
        from /$HOME/.gem/ruby/2.4.1/gems/spring-2.0.2/lib/spring/client.rb:30:in `run'
        from /$HOME/.gem/ruby/2.4.1/gems/spring-2.0.2/bin/spring:49:in `<main>'

手动安装gem可解决问题。

gem install spring-commands-rspec
Fetching: spring-commands-rspec-1.0.4.gem (100%)
Successfully installed spring-commands-rspec-1.0.4
Parsing documentation for spring-commands-rspec-1.0.4
Installing ri documentation for spring-commands-rspec-1.0.4
Done installing documentation for spring-commands-rspec after 0 seconds
1 gem installed

...但是我得到这个警告：

./bin/rspec spec/pattern_library_controller_spec.rb
WARN: Unresolved specs during Gem::Specification.reset:
      minitest (~> 5.1)
WARN: Clearing out unresolved specs.
Please report a bug if this causes problems.
WARN: Unresolved specs during Gem::Specification.reset:
      minitest (~> 5.1)
WARN: Clearing out unresolved specs.
Please report a bug if this causes problems.
Running via Spring preloader in process 53164
Run options: include {:focus=>true}

All examples were filtered out; ignoring {:focus=>true}

Randomized with seed 5284

SomeController
  should respond with a success status code (2xx)

Finished in 0.13193 seconds (files took 0.66951 seconds to load)
1 example, 0 failures

Randomized with seed 5284

知道可能是什么问题吗？

Answer 1

出于某种原因，这些宝石安装在供应商/捆绑包内部，但并非全部。 删除rm -rf .bundle vendor/bundle && bundle install 。

.bundle / config的内容为：

---
BUNDLE_WITHOUT: "development:related"

Answer 2

TL; DR; 尝试将spring-commands-rspec移至Gemfile test组：

group :development
  # ...
  # ...
end
group :test do
# ...
  gem 'spring-commands-rspec'
end

或group :development, :test do如果您不仅需要group :development, :test do ，还需要gem。

简而言之 ：在Rails中运行某些东西时，就有Environment概念。 装宝石也依赖于它通过Gemfile - Bundler负载常见宝石和宝石从相应的组。 默认环境为development ，但rspec使用测试之一。 因此，运行rspec ...如果未在组测试中列出，则不会加载来自组开发的 gem。

更新 ：似乎您已经在服务器模式下设置了您的应用程序（可能是从部署脚本获取安装命令）。 因为在临时/生产服务器上部署Rails应用程序时具有.bundle目录和vendor/bundle是很典型的（即gems与应用程序一起本地安装）。
但是在那种情况下， .bundle/config应该至少包含BUNDLE_PATH ：

BUNDLE_FROZEN: "1"
BUNDLE_PATH: "./vendor/bundle"
BUNDLE_WITHOUT: "development:test"
BUNDLE_DISABLE_SHARED_GEMS: "true"