试图将类作为参数传递给其他类的构造函数，但出现“转换”错误

Question

因此，我试图将一个类作为参数传递给另一个类（在不同的标头中），并不断收到我似乎无法调试的错误。

错误：

'wanderingSoul :: wanderingSoul（＆wanderingSoul &&）'：无法将参数1从'player'转换为'const wanderingSoul＆'

主要问题在于game.cpp文件，在“ // Battle Test”下面，我将其称为“ wanderingSoul wanderS（main）”。

“玩家”是一个类，游荡的灵魂也是一个类，而我不明白的是如何正确地传递/引用玩家类，因为它在传递给函数时效果很好，但不适用于该类的构造函数。

• game.cpp

 #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <ctime> #include <cstdlib> #include "player.h" #include "npc.h" #include "enemy.h" #include "map.h" #include "items.h" #include "dialog.h" /* To Do List * Multiple chars per battle if in party. * Add inventory & powers * Add battles * Finish "story" & dialogues * Make map * Add dialog trees (instead of if/else & switch/case) * Add relation between characters using weighted graph */ void battle(player plyr, enemy nme) { std::cout << "You have entered a battle with " << nme.name << std::endl; while (!plyr.dead() && !nme.dead()) { } } int roll() { return rand() % 12 + 1; } int main() { srand(time(NULL)); std::string playerName; char optionChoice; int dialogChoice; npc Lexa("Lexa", 80, 80); BEGIN_GAME: system("cls"); std::cout << Lexa.nameText() << "Hey... Hey, are you awake now?" << std::endl; std::cout << Lexa.nameText() << "I was starting to get worried. You've been out for quite some time. Do you remember your name?" << std::endl; INSERT_NAME: std::cout << "(Name): "; std::cin >> playerName; std::cout << Lexa.nameText() << "Huh. " << playerName << ". Is that right? (y/n)" << std::endl; std::cin >> optionChoice; if (optionChoice != 'y' && optionChoice != 'Y') { //system("cls"); std::cout << Lexa.nameText() << "Please try to remember, I need to make sure you're stable. " << std::endl; goto INSERT_NAME; } player main(playerName); INTRODUCTION: system("cls"); //Print location initInfo(main, Lexa); //BATTLE TEST wanderingSoul wanderS(main); battle(main, wanderS.ws); //TRAVEL TEST system("pause"); return 0; } 

• 敌人

 #pragma once #include <vector> #include "powers.h" #include "items.h" #include "player.h" //Need to include map? class enemy { private: /**Stat Properties********* * Health: 0->100 * 0 = Death/GameOver * Level: 1->100 * Attack: 1->10 * Defense: 1->10 * Mana: 0->100 * Affiliation: -100->100 **************************/ /* * Add inventory * -list of pointers to inventory items * Add powers * -list of pointers to powers */ class currPowers //Keeps track of current powers have { private: public: }; public: unsigned int health, level, attackPWR, defensePWR, mana; int affiliation; std::string name; enemy() { health = 100; level = 1; attackPWR = 1; defensePWR = 1; mana = 100; affiliation = 0; } enemy(std::string t_name) { name = t_name; health = 100; level = 1; attackPWR = 1; defensePWR = 1; mana = 100; affiliation = 0; } /* void attack(player plyr, power pwr) { } */ void defend() { } bool dead() { if (health == 0 || level == 0) { if (level == 0) { std::cout << name << " had a heart attack." << std::endl; } else { std::cout << name << " has been defeated. Hoorah!" << std::endl; } return true; } return false; } std::string nameText() { return name + ": "; } }; /* ENEMY LIST * STD/COMMON * Wandering Soul * Red Royal Soldier * Wolf (Pack) * BAR * Disciples * UNCOMMON * Tech Soldier * Banished Mage * Tech Hound * Dark Mage * RARE * Cyber Cyclops * Hellhound * Elite Androids * Follower of The Void * Banshee * BOSS * Mantis * Mary S. * The Summoner * NOX-322 * The Void */ class wanderingSoul { public: /* Name: Wandering Soul Health: 75/100 Level: |player level| - 1, level > 0. Attack: Defense: Mana: Affiliation: Powers: */ enemy ws; int diceRoll; wanderingSoul(player plyr) { ws.name = "Wandering Soul"; diceRoll = roll(); //Rolling for health if (diceRoll == 0) { ws.health = 50; } else if (diceRoll > 6) { ws.health = 100; } else { ws.level = 75; } diceRoll = roll(); //Rolling for level if (diceRoll == 0) { ws.level = plyr.level - 1; } else if (diceRoll > 6) { ws.level = plyr.level + 1; } else { ws.level = plyr.level; } } }; 

• 播放器

 #pragma once #include <vector> #include "powers.h" #include "items.h" #include "enemy.h" //Need to include map? class player { private: /**Stat Properties********* * Health: 0->100 * 0 = Death/GameOver * Level: 1->100 * Attack: 1->10 * Defense: 1->10 * Mana: 0->100 * Affiliation: -100->100 **************************/ //Setting everything outside private for now due to needing to access variables in other classes. /* * Add inventory * -list of pointers to inventory items * Add powers * -list of pointers to powers */ class currPowers //Keeps track of current powers have { private: public: }; public: unsigned int health, level, attackPWR, defensePWR, mana; int affiliation; std::string name; player(std::string t_name) { name = t_name; health = 100; level = 1; attackPWR = 1; defensePWR = 1; mana = 100; affiliation = 0; } void incAffiliation(bool x) { if (x == true) { affiliation += 5; } else { affiliation -= 5; } } void attack(enemy nme, power pwr) { } void defend() { } bool dead() { if (health == 0) { std::cout << "You are dead." << std::endl; return true; } return false; } std::string nameText() { return name + ": "; } }; 

抱歉，如果代码中有很多没用的行是不好的，我正计划尽快清理它，但我想看看是否可以与主角和敌人作战，尽管我不能说出问题所在。 我尝试将玩家（主要角色）类作为参数传递的原因是因为我是根据玩家的统计数据来确定敌人的统计数据，而指针和取消引用的东西并不是我的最佳选择，所以这很可能是一个问题。无论如何，对不起，很长的代码，但这是我第一次尝试通过c ++编写小型游戏并尝试学习新事物。 （我很了解类和结构，但这是我第一次使用c ++进行非学校/非数据结构实现工作）

更新 ：删除了混乱的game.cpp部分，发现问题是“语法错误：inditifier'player'”，因此，我正在尝试查看如何解决该问题。

Answer 1

这里的问题是要包括enemy.h在player.h和包括player.h在enemy.h 。 然后，将它们都包含在game.cpp 。 循环依赖就是这种情况。 当您尝试编译未共享的代码时，肯定会有更多错误。

无论如何，您可以使用正向声明避免此问题。

一些注意事项：

由于您正在开发游戏，因此您需要了解有关继承和合成的更多信息。 继承是IS-A关系的情况，而组合是HAS-A的情况。

所以在这里，你在做什么，是不正确的设计的事，游魂是敌人 ，因此，而不是内部创建一个敌人wanderingSoul类，从类中固有enemy 。

您的敌人可以有多个小玩意，而这些小玩意又可以是其他小玩意，因此在这里您可以看到遇到HAS-A的情况，并且可以从合成中受益。

另一件事是， Player和Enemy在您的游戏世界中是两个独立的事物，因此将玩家转移到敌人的级别并不是一个好主意。 您需要一个游戏控制器类来控制这两个类的对象之间的交互，例如战斗或说话或这两个类可能做的其他事情。