Django - 渲染在我的项目中不起作用

Question

我正在处理 1 周的表格，但无法解决我的问题。 可能我忽略了其他人很容易发现的东西，但总的来说，我不知道该怎么做。 我通过开始构建表单来识别问题。 我不得不使用render作为表单，但每次尝试都失败了。 我能够连接数据库并在 html 页面中显示数据，但是每当我使用render而不是render_to_response时，它就会失败。 据我所知，我不得不使用render来发布请求。 不仅适用于表单， render也不适用于所有情况。 即使是简单的： def home(request): context = {'foo': 'bar'} return render(request, 'main.html', context)

模型.py

class ModuleNames(models.Model):
    ModuleName = models.CharField(max_length = 50)
    ModuleDesc = models.CharField(max_length = 256)
    ModuleSort = models.SmallIntegerField()
    isActive = models.BooleanField()
    ModuleType = models.ForeignKey(ModuleTypes, on_delete=models.CASCADE, null = True)
    slug = models.SlugField(('ModuleName'), max_length=50, blank=True)

class Meta:
    app_label = 'zz'
def __unicode__(self):
    return self.status

表单.py

from django import forms
from MyApp.models import ModuleNames

class ModuleForm(forms.ModelForm):
    moduleName = forms.CharField(label='Module Name', max_length=50)
    ModuleDesc = forms.CharField(max_length = 256)
    ModuleSort = forms.IntegerField()
    isActive = forms.BooleanField()
    ModuleType = forms.IntegerField()

class Meta:
    model = ModuleNames
    fields =('moduleName','ModuleDesc','ModuleSort','isActive','ModuleType')

查看.py

from django.views.generic import TemplateView
from django.shortcuts import render,render_to_response, redirect
from django.template import RequestContext
import json
from django.core.serializers.json import Serializer
from django.http import HttpResponse, Http404, HttpResponseRedirect
from urllib.parse import urlparse
from django.urls import resolve 
from django.db import connection
from collections import namedtuple
from django.db.models import F
from django.views.decorators.cache import cache_page
from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_protect

from MyApp.models import ModuleNames
from MyApp.forms import ModuleForm

def AddNewModule(request):
    template_name = 'addnewmodule.html'
    if request.method == 'GET':
        form = ModuleForm()
        posts = ModuleNames.objects.all()
        args = {'form': form, 'posts': posts }
        return render(request, template_name, args) #This part is showing data when i use render_to_response. But after clicking Save button on html page, it will give below first error.

    if request.method == 'POST':
        form = ModuleForm(request.POST)
        if form.is_valid():
            form.pop('csrfmiddlewaretoken', None)
            post = form.save(commit=False)
            post.save()
            text = form.cleaned_data['post']
            form = ModuleForm()
            args = {'form': form, 'text': text}
            return render(request, template_name, args)

1. 我在使用render_to_response Forbidden (403) CSRF 验证失败时遇到的错误。 请求中止。

   帮助 给出的失败原因：CSRF 令牌丢失或不正确。

2. 当我将render用于任何功能时出错

    Environment: Request Method: GET Request URL: http://127.0.0.1:8000/addnewmodule Django Version: 2.1.3 Python Version: 3.7.1 Installed Applications: ['MyApp', 'django.contrib.admin', 'django.contrib.auth', 'django.contrib.contenttypes', 'django.contrib.sessions', 'django.contrib.messages', 'django.contrib.staticfiles'] Installed Middleware: ['django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware', 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware', 'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware', 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware', 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware', 'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware', 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware'] Traceback: File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py" in inner 34.response = get_response(request) File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in _get_response 126.response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e, request) File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py" in _get_response 124.response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs) File "/Users/Cem/Documents/Projects/Python/Web/FirstApp/MyApp/views.py" in addnewmodule 132.return render(request, template_name, args) File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/shortcuts.py" in render 36.content = loader.render_to_string(template_name, context, request, using=using) File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/template/loader.py" in render_to_string 62.return template.render(context, request) File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/template/backends/django.py" in render 61.return self.template.render(context) File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py" in render 169.with context.bind_template(self): File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/contextlib.py" in __enter__ 112.return next(self.gen) File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/template/context.py" in bind_template 246.updates.update(processor(self.request)) Exception Type: TypeError at /addnewmodule Exception Value: 'module' object is not callable

Answer 1

阅读 Django 中的CSRF 令牌，它用于站点保护/

Answer 2

您在addnewmodule.html表单中缺少csrf_token ，因此，您可以返回addnewmodule.html表单并在标签form action="" method="POST"下方添加{% csrf_token %}

<form action="" method="POST">
{% csrf_token %}