递归查询设计-Oracle SQL
[英]Recursive query design - Oracle SQL
问题描述
我希望创建一个能够将一系列补货完全映射到顶级需求的递归查询。
以下是有关我的问题陈述的一些详细信息：
我正在尝试设计一个递归解决方案，以计算所有后续补货（及其水平）给出的最高要求，其中要求定义为生产订单或计划订单（
MIN类型）
我使用以下查询创建了此SQLFIDDLE ：
-- schema
CREATE TABLE tblInputs (
Type VARCHAR(256),
Order_No VARCHAR(256),
Planned_No VARCHAR(256),
Purchase_No VARCHAR(256),
Direction VARCHAR(256)
);
CREATE TABLE Requirements (
Order_No VARCHAR(256),
Planned_No VARCHAR(256),
Req_ID VARCHAR(256),
Req_No VARCHAR(256)
);
CREATE TABLE ReqRep (
Req_ID VARCHAR(256),
Req_No VARCHAR(256),
Rep_ID VARCHAR(256)
);
CREATE TABLE Replenishments (
Rep_ID VARCHAR(256),
Order_No VARCHAR(256),
Planned_No VARCHAR(256),
Purchase_No VARCHAR(256)
);
-- data
INSERT INTO tblInputs (Type, Order_No, Planned_No, Purchase_No, Direction)
SELECT 'Purchase', NULL, NULL, 'PO9000124798', 'PLUS' FROM DUAL
UNION ALL
SELECT 'Planned', NULL, 'PL191908851', NULL, 'PLUS' FROM DUAL
UNION ALL
SELECT 'Planned', NULL, 'PL191908852', NULL, 'PLUS' FROM DUAL
UNION ALL
SELECT 'Planned', NULL, 'PL191908853', NULL, 'PLUS' FROM DUAL
UNION ALL
SELECT 'Planned', NULL, 'PL191908854', NULL, 'PLUS' FROM DUAL
UNION ALL
SELECT 'Planned', NULL, 'PL191908855', NULL, 'PLUS' FROM DUAL
UNION ALL
SELECT 'Planned', NULL, 'PL191908853', NULL, 'PLUS' FROM DUAL
UNION ALL
SELECT 'Build', 'O103916639', NULL, NULL, 'MIN' FROM DUAL
UNION ALL
SELECT 'Production', 'O103962037', NULL, NULL, 'PLUS' FROM DUAL
UNION ALL
SELECT 'Production', 'O103933200', NULL, NULL, 'PLUS' FROM DUAL
;
INSERT INTO Requirements (Order_No, Planned_No, Req_ID, Req_No)
SELECT NULL, 'PL191908851', 'ABA', '36' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT NULL, 'PL191908852', 'CC', '93' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT NULL, 'PL191908853', 'BBA', '27' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT NULL, 'PL191908854', 'EWE', '42' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT NULL, 'PL191908855', 'WWW', '13' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT NULL, 'PL191908856', 'EEE', '33' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT NULL, 'PL191909922', 'GFW', '99' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT NULL, 'PL191910022', 'GFT', '23' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT NULL, 'PL192010120', 'THE', '54' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 'O103962037', NULL, 'BDD', '37' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 'O103933200', NULL, 'DFA', '63' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 'O103547812', NULL, 'ADS', '45' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 'O103547415', NULL, 'DWQ', '94' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 'O103654787', NULL, 'QZX', '96' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 'O103214217', NULL, 'NFD', '20' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 'O103215320', NULL, 'GBV', '33' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 'O106212219', NULL, 'ERQ', '22' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 'O103215320', NULL, 'MRP', '11' FROM DUAL
;
INSERT INTO ReqRep (Req_ID, Req_No, Rep_ID)
SELECT 'ABA', '36', '7736' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 'CCC', '93', '6686' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 'BBA', '27', '5710' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 'EWE', '42', '7634' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 'WWW', '13', '9393' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 'EEE', '33', '8442' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 'GFW', '99', '5758' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 'GFT', '23', '5988' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 'THE', '54', '6748' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 'BDD', '37', '7123' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 'BDD', '37', '7124' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 'BDD', '37', '7125' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 'BDD', '37', '7126' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 'DFA', '63', '7125' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 'ADS', '45', '5855' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 'DWQ', '80', '9419' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 'QZX', '96', '5748' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 'NFD', '20', '7055' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 'ERQ', '22', '7736' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 'MRP', '11', '7736' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 'GBV', '33', '9999' FROM DUAL
;
INSERT INTO Replenishments(Rep_ID, Order_No, Planned_No, Purchase_No)
SELECT '7736', NULL, NULL, 'PO9000124799' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT '6686', NULL, NULL, 'PO9000124800' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT '5710', NULL, NULL, 'PO9000124801' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT '7634', NULL, NULL, 'PO9000124802' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT '9393', NULL, NULL, 'PO9000124803' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT '8442', NULL, NULL, 'PO9000124804' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT '5758', NULL, NULL, 'PO9000124805' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT '5988', NULL, NULL, 'PO9000124806' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT '6748', NULL, NULL, 'PO9000124807' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT '7123', 'O103654787', NULL, NULL FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT '7124', 'O103214217', NULL, NULL FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT '7125', 'O103215320', NULL, NULL FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT '7126', 'O106212219', NULL, NULL FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT '7125', 'O103215320', NULL, NULL FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT '5855', NULL, 'PL192010120', NULL FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT '9419', NULL, 'PL121122221', NULL FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT '5748', NULL, 'PL272634123', NULL FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT '7055', NULL, 'PL983002032', NULL FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT '9999', NULL, NULL, 'PO9000124806' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT '1111', NULL, NULL, 'PO9000124806' FROM DUAL
;
使用下面的查询对我的SQLFIDDLE查询，基本上可以得到第一个“级别”：
WITH
-- Use one order as an example
-- This will eventually be used for many orders at once
currOrder AS
(
SELECT
tblInputs.Order_No
FROM
tblInputs
WHERE
Direction = 'PLUS'
AND
(Type = 'Production' OR Type = 'Planned')
-- Added this for example purposes only!
AND
Order_No LIKE '%O103962037%'
),
-- Now get the details about this order being a REQUIREMENT
Req AS
(
SELECT
-- unique identifier(s), unfortunately two fields combine to make the primary key
Req_ID,
Req_No
FROM
Requirements
INNER JOIN currOrder ON currOrder.Order_No = Requirements.Order_No
),
-- This is a giant bridge table of requirements, and replenishments
-- A requirement can be made up of many replenishments, and a replenishment can satisfy many requirements
-- Find the replenishments for our specific requirement
Req_Rep AS
(
SELECT DISTINCT
ReqRep.REP_ID
FROM
ReqRep
INNER JOIN Req ON ReqRep.Req_ID = Req.Req_ID AND ReqRep.Req_No = Req.Req_No
),
-- Now, grab the replenishment data that we care about, and its details
-- Only one field will be filled in at a time depending on what the replenishment type is
Rep AS
(
SELECT DISTINCT
Req_Rep.Rep_ID,
CASE
WHEN Replenishments.Order_No IS NULL AND Replenishments.Planned_No IS NULL THEN Replenishments.Purchase_No
WHEN Replenishments.Order_No IS NULL AND Replenishments.Planned_No IS NOT NULL AND Replenishments.Purchase_No IS NULL THEN Replenishments.Planned_No
WHEN Replenishments.Order_No IS NOT NULL AND Replenishments.Planned_No IS NULL AND Replenishments.Purchase_No IS NULL THEN Replenishments.Order_No
ELSE NULL END AS The_Number
FROM
Req_Rep
INNER JOIN Replenishments on Replenishments.Rep_ID = Req_Rep.Rep_ID
)
-- Grab the results
SELECT DISTINCT * FROM Rep
使用该查询，我得到以下数据集：
REP_ID THE_NUMBER
7123 O103654787
7125 O103215320
7124 O103214217
7126 O106212219
这告诉我，对于特定需求 （由Order_No指定），这些是满足需求的补货 。 然后，对于那些补货 ，这是与它们关联的元数据。
现在，我需要使用The_Number并基本上重复整个过程。 对于生产订单或计划订单的每个补货，继续查找所有补货（因为，如果补货是生产订单或计划订单，则可能会有其他补货）
目标数据集如下所示：
| Number | Req_ID | Req_No | Rep_ID | Details | Level |
|:-----------:|:------:|:------:|:------:|:------------:|:-----:|
| O103962037 | BDD | 377 | 7123 | O103654787 | 1 |
| O103962037 | BDD | 377 | 7124 | O103214217 | 1 |
| O103962037 | BDD | 377 | 7125 | O103215320 | 1 |
| O103962037 | BDD | 377 | 7126 | O106212219 | 1 |
| O103654787 | QZX | 96 | 5748 | PL272634123 | 2 |
| O103214217 | NFD | 20 | 7055 | PL983002032 | 2 |
| O103215320 | GBV | 33 | 9999 | PO9000124806 | 2 |
| O106212219 | ERQ | 22 | 7736 | PO9000124799 | 2 |
| PL272634123 | MRP | 99 | 1111 | PO9000124806 | 3 |
| PL983002032 | EWE | 22 | 1111 | PO9000124806 | 3 |
我相信我已经在查询中实现了递归anchor ，但是我无法确定如何构建其余部分。 任何建议表示赞赏。
我已经查看了这些帖子：
我认为我需要的行是Rep.The_Number = Requirements.Order_No ，但是我不知道如何定义它。
2 个解决方案
解决方案1
2 已采纳 2019-07-16 00:09:52
我想出了一个解决方案，希望该解决方案至少可以作为您更复杂的版本的起点，前提是我正确理解了数据模型。 SQLFiddle在这里。 由于无法根据提供的示例复制您的预期结果，因此我不得不修改示例数据。
我想出的SQL是这样的：
WITH t as (
SELECT coalesce(r.planned_no, r.Order_No) order_no,
r.Req_ID,
r.Req_No,
rr.REP_ID,
coalesce(rp.purchase_no, rp.planned_no, rp.order_no) details,
0 replevel
FROM requirements r
JOIN ReqRep rr ON rr.Req_ID = r.Req_ID AND rr.Req_No = r.Req_No
JOIN Replenishments rp on rp.Rep_ID = rr.Rep_ID),
det_t (order_no, req_id, req_no, rep_id, details, replevel, rep_path) as (
SELECT t.Order_No,
t.Req_ID,
t.Req_No,
t.REP_ID,
t.details,
1 replevel,
t.order_no rep_path
FROM t
WHERE Order_No LIKE '%O103962037%'
UNION ALL
SELECT t.Order_No,
t.Req_ID,
t.Req_No,
t.REP_ID,
t.details,
d.replevel + 1,
rep_path || '=>' || t.order_no rep_path
FROM det_t d
JOIN t ON t.order_no = d.details
)
select order_no,
req_id,
req_no,
rep_id,
details,
replevel,
rep_path
from det_t
order by replevel, order_no;
执行示例如下：
FSITJA@db01 2019-07-16 09:59:00> WITH t as (
2 SELECT coalesce(r.planned_no, r.Order_No) order_no,
3 r.Req_ID,
4 r.Req_No,
5 rr.REP_ID,
6 coalesce(rp.purchase_no, rp.planned_no, rp.order_no) details,
7 0 replevel
8 FROM requirements r
9 JOIN ReqRep rr ON rr.Req_ID = r.Req_ID AND rr.Req_No = r.Req_No
10 JOIN Replenishments rp on rp.Rep_ID = rr.Rep_ID),
11 det_t (order_no, req_id, req_no, rep_id, details, replevel, rep_path) as (
12 SELECT t.Order_No,
13 t.Req_ID,
14 t.Req_No,
15 t.REP_ID,
16 t.details,
17 1 replevel,
18 t.order_no rep_path
19 FROM t
20 WHERE Order_No LIKE '%O103962037%'
21 UNION ALL
22 SELECT t.Order_No,
23 t.Req_ID,
24 t.Req_No,
25 t.REP_ID,
26 t.details,
27 d.replevel + 1,
28 rep_path || '=>' || t.order_no rep_path
29 FROM det_t d
30 JOIN t ON t.order_no = d.details
31 )
32 select order_no,
33 req_id,
34 req_no,
35 rep_id,
36 details,
37 replevel,
38 rep_path
39 from det_t
40 order by replevel, order_no;
ORDER_NO REQ_ID REQ_NO REP_ID DETAILS REPLEVEL REP_PATH
----------- ------- ------- ------- --------------- ---------- -------------------------------------
O103962037 BDD 37 7123 O103654787 1 O103962037
O103962037 BDD 37 7124 O103214217 1 O103962037
O103962037 BDD 37 7125 O103215320 1 O103962037
O103962037 BDD 37 7126 O106212219 1 O103962037
O103214217 NFD 20 7055 PL191908854 2 O103962037=>O103214217
O103215320 GBV 33 9999 PO9000124806 2 O103962037=>O103215320
O103215320 MRP 11 7736 PO9000124799 2 O103962037=>O103215320
O103654787 QZX 96 5748 PL272634123 2 O103962037=>O103654787
O106212219 ERQ 22 7736 PO9000124799 2 O103962037=>O106212219
PL191908854 EWE 42 7634 PO9000124802 3 O103962037=>O103214217=>PL191908854
PL272634123 XYZ 36 8888 PL2222222222 3 O103962037=>O103654787=>PL272634123
11 rows selected.
我认为样本数据和预期结果之间不匹配。 根据您的预期结果，除非我误解了数据模型，否则第3级行（MRP和EWE）REQ_NO与示例数据中的内容不匹配。
MRP的预期结果为Req_No = 99，而在插入物中，其Req_No = 11，将其连接到补充级别1 Rep_Id = 7125下的级别2。
EWE在预期结果中具有Req_No = 22，并且在插入物中具有Req_No = 42，并且它从级别1在补充Rep_Id = 7055下进行连接。但是，在表要求中，EWE在级别2的补充Rep_Id = 7055下具有Planned_No ='PL191908854'指向Order_No ='PL983002032'。
如果我将Replinishment Rep_Id = 7055上提供的样本数据从Order_No ='PL983002032'更改为'PL191908854'，则它会正确显示3级以下的EWE。
这是我在“补货”表插入中所做的更改（反映在SQLFiddle中）：添加（仅用于说明有效的3级连接）：
SELECT '8888', NULL, NULL, 'PL2222222222' FROM DUAL
已修改（以使EWE正确显示在3级中）：
SELECT '7055', NULL, 'PL191908854', NULL FROM DUAL UNION ALL
解决方案2
2 2019-07-16 14:55:07
这就是我能想到的。 这与给定订单的预期结果非常接近，除了在“需求”表中存在O103215320的重复项，这可能是数据错误。
我对tblInputs表如何适合这个感到有些困惑。 我下面的查询根本没有使用该表。
with orders as (
select nvl(Requirements.order_no,Requirements.Planned_No) order_no,
Requirements.Req_ID,
Requirements.Req_No,
Replenishments.Rep_ID,
coalesce(Replenishments.Order_No,Replenishments.Planned_No,Replenishments.Purchase_No) Details
from Requirements
join ReqRep
on ReqRep.Req_ID = Requirements.Req_ID
and ReqRep.Req_No = Requirements.Req_No
join Replenishments
on Replenishments.Rep_ID = ReqRep.Rep_ID)
select order_no,
Req_ID,
Req_No,
Rep_ID,
Details,
lvl
from (
select orders.*,
connect_by_root orders.Order_No root_order,
level lvl
from orders
connect by prior orders.details = orders.order_no)
where root_order like '%O103962037%'
order by lvl,order_no
上面的查询给出以下结果：
+-------------+--------+--------+--------+--------------+-----+
| ORDER_NO | REQ_ID | REQ_NO | REP_ID | DETAILS | LVL |
+-------------+--------+--------+--------+--------------+-----+
| O103962037 | BDD | 37 | 7123 | O103654787 | 1 |
| O103962037 | BDD | 37 | 7125 | O103215320 | 1 |
| O103962037 | BDD | 37 | 7124 | O103214217 | 1 |
| O103962037 | BDD | 37 | 7126 | O106212219 | 1 |
| O103214217 | NFD | 20 | 7055 | PL983002032 | 2 |
| O103215320 | MRP | 11 | 7736 | PO9000124799 | 2 |
| O103215320 | GBV | 33 | 9999 | PO9000124806 | 2 |
| O103654787 | QZX | 96 | 5748 | PL272634123 | 2 |
| O106212219 | ERQ | 22 | 7736 | PO9000124799 | 2 |
| PL272634123 | MRP | 99 | 1111 | PO9000124806 | 3 |
| PL983002032 | EWE | 22 | 1111 | PO9000124806 | 3 |
+-------------+--------+--------+--------+--------------+-----+
SQL递归查询（Oracle）
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