Selenium C# - Chrome 驱动程序不会在无头模式下下载文件

Question

我正在使用第 77 版 chrome 来测试一些下载。 但我不明白为什么它不允许在无头模式下下载文件（仅在无头模式下发生）。 这是我正在使用的代码。

_chromeOptions.AddUserProfilePreference("download.default_directory", @"目录文件夹"); _chromeOptions.AddUserProfilePreference("intl.accept_languages", "nl"); _chromeOptions.AddUserProfilePreference("disable-popup-blocking", "true"); _webdriver = new ChromeDriver(_chromeOptions);

Answer 1

我能够使用以下 ChromeOptions 以无头模式下载文件：

            var chromeOptions = new ChromeOptions();
            chromeOptions.AddArgument("--headless");
            chromeOptions.AddArgument("--disable-gpu");
            chromeOptions.AddUserProfilePreference("download.default_directory", ApplicationSettings.StagingDirectory);
            chromeOptions.AddUserProfilePreference("profile.default_content_setting_values.automatic_downloads", 1);
            driver = new ChromeDriver(chromeOptions);

Chrome 版本- 89.0.4389

Chrome 驱动程序版本- 89.0.4389.2300

Answer 2

作为替代方案，您可以使用 Firefox 无头浏览器下载文件。

FirefoxOptions options = new FirefoxOptions();
FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile();
profile.setPreference("browser.download.folderList", 2);
profile.setPreference("browser.download.dir", "C:\\Windows\\temp");
profile.setPreference( "browser.download.manager.showWhenStarting", false );
profile.setPreference("browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk", "application/octet-stream");
options.setProfile(profile);
driver = new FirefoxDriver(options);

Answer 3

默认情况下，Chrome Headless 模式下禁用文件下载。 请参阅： https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=696481

您需要对驱动程序进行 API 调用以启用它。

var driver = new ChromeDriver(driverService, options);
// Allow download in headless mode
var param = new Dictionary<string, string> {{"behavior", "allow"}, {"downloadPath", DownloadPath}
};
var cmdParam = new Dictionary<string, object> {{"cmd", "Page.setDownloadBehavior"}, {"params", param}};
var url = driverService.ServiceUrl + "session/" + driver.SessionId + "/chromium/send_command";
var cli = new WebClient {Headers = {[HttpRequestHeader.ContentType] = "application/json"}};
_ = cli.UploadString(url, JsonConvert.SerializeObject(cmdParam));

Answer 4

此 function 返回无头 Chrome 浏览器实例，自动下载设置为“USERPROFILE”下载文件夹。 您可以硬编码所需的下载文件夹。

从测试初始化程序调用 function GetBrowserWebDriver("Chrome")

public IWebDriver GetBrowserWebDriver(string browser)
        {
            IWebDriver currentDriver = null;        
            switch (browser)
            {
                case "Chrome":                    
                    var options = new ChromeOptions();
                    options.AddArgument("headless");
                    string downloadPath = System.Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("USERPROFILE") + "\\Downloads";
                    options.AddUserProfilePreference("download.default_directory", downloadPath);
                    options.AddUserProfilePreference("profile.default_content_setting_values.automatic_downloads", 1);
                    options.AddArgument("--window-size=1920,1080");                    
                    currentDriver = new ChromeDriver(options);
                    break;
                case "Firefox":
                    currentDriver = new FirefoxDriver();
                    break;
                case "IE":
                    currentDriver = new InternetExplorerDriver(new InternetExplorerOptions() { IgnoreZoomLevel = true });
                    break;
                default:
                    throw new NotSupportedException("");
            }
            return currentDriver;
        }