java - Spring 引导单元测试中的“java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError：无法初始化 Class X”

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:125) ~[spring-test-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.springframework.test.context.support.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:108) ~[spring-test-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:118) ~[spring-test-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:83) ~[spring-test-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.SpringBootDependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(SpringBootDependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:43) ~[spring-boot-test-autoconfigure-2.1.9.RELEASE.jar:2.1.9.RELEASE] at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:246) ~[spring-test-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:227) [spring-test-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:289) [spring-test-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12] at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:291) [spring-test-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:246) [spring-test-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:97) [spring-test-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12] at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12] at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12] at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12] at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12] at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61) [spring-test-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70) [spring-test-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12] at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:190) [spring-test-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:86) [.cp/:na] at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38) [.cp/:na] at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459) [.cp/:na] at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:675) [.cp/:na] at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382) [.cp/:na] at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192) [.cp/:na] Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'initialWindowController': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'validationSupport'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'validationSupportWrapper' defined in file [C:\Users\jan\Desktop\typingapp\target\classes\com\typingapp\utils\misc\ValidationSupportWrapper.class]: Instantiation of bean failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [com.typingapp.utils.misc.ValidationSupportWrapper]: Constructor threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:598) ~[spring-beans-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:90) ~[spring-beans-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessProperties(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:376) ~[spring-beans-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1411) ~[spring-beans-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:592) ~[spring-beans-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:515) ~[spring-beans-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:320) ~[spring-beans-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:222) ~[spring-beans-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:318) ~[spring-beans-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:199) ~[spring-beans-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:847) ~[spring-beans-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:877) ~[spring-context-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:549) ~[spring-context-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:744) ~[spring-boot-2.1.9.RELEASE.jar:2.1.9.RELEASE] at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:391) ~[spring-boot-2.1.9.RELEASE.jar:2.1.9.RELEASE] at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:312) ~[spring-boot-2.1.9.RELEASE.jar:2.1.9.RELEASE] at org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootContextLoader.loadContext(SpringBootContextLoader.java:120) ~[spring-boot-test-2.1.9.RELEASE.jar:2.1.9.RELEASE] at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContextInternal(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:99) ~[spring-test-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:117) ~[spring-test-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] ... 26 common frames omitted Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'validationSupportWrapper' defined in file [C:\Users\jan\Desktop\typingapp\target\classes\com\typingapp\utils\misc\ValidationSupportWrapper.class]: Instantiation of bean failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [com.typingapp.utils.misc.ValidationSupportWrapper]: Constructor threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1303) ~[spring-beans-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1197) ~[spring-beans-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:555) ~[spring-beans-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:515) ~[spring-beans-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:320) ~[spring-beans-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:222) ~[spring-beans-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:318) ~[spring-beans-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:199) ~[spring-beans-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.DependencyDescriptor.resolveCandidate(DependencyDescriptor.java:277) ~[spring-beans-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1255) ~[spring-beans-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1175) ~[spring-beans-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:595) ~[spring-beans-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] ... 44 common frames omitted Caused by: org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [com.typingapp.utils.misc.ValidationSupportWrapper]: Constructor threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError at org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils.instantiateClass(BeanUtils.java:184) ~[spring-beans-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:87) ~[spring-beans-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1295) ~[spring-beans-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] ... 55 common frames omitted Caused by: java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError: null at org.controlsfx.validation.ValidationSupport.<init>(ValidationSupport.java:221) ~[controlsfx-8.40.14.jar:8.40.14] at com.typingapp.utils.misc.ValidationSupportWrapper.<init>(ValidationSupportWrapper.java:25) ~[classes/:na] at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_221] at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source) ~[na:1.8.0_221] at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source) ~[na:1.8.0_221] at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source) ~[na:1.8.0_221] at org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils.instantiateClass(BeanUtils.java:172) ~[spring-beans-5.1.10.RELEASE.jar:5.1.10.RELEASE] ... 57 common frames omitted Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Internal graphics not initialized yet at com.sun.glass.ui.Screen.getScreens(Screen.java:70) ~[jfxrt.jar:na] at com.sun.javafx.tk.quantum.QuantumToolkit.getScreens(QuantumToolkit.java:742) ~[jfxrt.jar:na] at com.sun.javafx.tk.quantum.QuantumToolkit.getMaxRenderScale(QuantumToolkit.java:762) ~[jfxrt.jar:na] at com.sun.javafx.tk.quantum.QuantumToolkit.loadImage(QuantumToolkit.java:770) ~[jfxrt.jar:na] at javafx.scene.image.Image.loadImage(Image.java:1065) ~[jfxrt.jar:na] at javafx.scene.image.Image.initialize(Image.java:807) ~[jfxrt.jar:na] at javafx.scene.image.Image.<init>(Image.java:621) ~[jfxrt.jar:na] at org.controlsfx.validation.decoration.GraphicValidationDecoration.<clinit>(GraphicValidationDecoration.java:61) ~[controlsfx-8.40.14.jar:8.40.14] ... 64 common frames omitted

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration(classes = ApplicationConfig.class, loader = AnnotationConfigContextLoader.class) public class LoadCommonUsedWordsTest { @Autowired List<String> words; @Test public void commonWordsNotNull() { assertNotNull(words); } @Test public void loadCommonWords() { assertEquals(9894, words.size()); } }