如何使用 preg_replace 和正则表达式替换 php 文件中的代码块？

Question

我有一个 php 配置文件，其中包含一些用于存储设置的数组。

<?php
$array1 = array(
    "item1" => "value1",
    "item2" => "value2",
    "item3" => "value3",
    "item4" => "value4",
);
$array2 = array(
    "item1",
    "item2",
    "item3",
    "item4",
);
$array3 = array(
    "item1" => "value1",
    "item2" => "value2",
    "item3" => "value3",
    "item4" => "value4",
);
?>

我对 regex 表达式不是很好（但是）。我很难理解它是如何工作的。 我正在尝试构建一个正则表达式，允许我替换 array2 中的所有行。 使用preg_replace($pattern, $replacement, $str) 。

$str=file_get_contents('config.php');
$pattern = "/[$array2 = array(](.*)[);]/";
$replacement = '    "itemA",
    "itemB",
    "itemC",
    "itemD",';
$str=preg_replace($pattern, $replacement, $str);
file_put_contents('config.php', $str);

预期结果将是：

<?php
$array1 = array(
    "item1" => "value1",
    "item2" => "value2",
    "item3" => "value3",
    "item4" => "value4",
);
$array2 = array(
    "itemA",
    "itemB",
    "itemC",
    "itemD",
);
$array3 = array(
    "item1" => "value1",
    "item2" => "value2",
    "item3" => "value3",
    "item4" => "value4",
);
?>

Answer 1

我想，也许有些表达类似于

(\h{2,}"[^"\r\n]+")$

可能在这里工作到某种程度：

正则表达式演示

测试

$re = '/(\h{2,}"[^"\r\n]+")$/m';
$str = '$array1 = array(
    "item1\' => "value1",
    "item2\' => "value2",
    "item3\' => "value3",
    "item4\' => "value4",
);
$array2 = array(
    "item1"
    "item2"
    "item3"
    "item4"
);
$array3 = array(
    "item1\' => "value1",
    "item2\' => "value2",
    "item3\' => "value3",
    "item4\' => "value4",
);';
$subst = '$1,';

$result = preg_replace($re, $subst, $str);

echo $result;

输出

$array1 = array(
    "item1' => "value1",
    "item2' => "value2",
    "item3' => "value3",
    "item4' => "value4",
);
$array2 = array(
    "item1",
    "item2",
    "item3",
    "item4",
);
$array3 = array(
    "item1' => "value1",
    "item2' => "value2",
    "item3' => "value3",
    "item4' => "value4",
);

---

如果您想简化/更新/探索该表达式，请在regex101.com的右上面板对其进行解释。 如果您有兴趣，可以在此调试器链接中观看匹配步骤或修改它们。 调试器演示了 RegEx 引擎如何逐步使用一些示例输入字符串并执行匹配过程。

---

方法二

我想，类似的表达，

(?s)(?<=\$array2 = array\()[^)]*

可能可以调查一下。

正则表达式演示 2

$re = '/(?s)(?<=\$array2 = array\()[^)]*/';
$str = '$array1 = array(
    "item1" => "value1",
    "item2" => "value2",
    "item3" => "value3",
    "item4" => "value4",
);
$array2 = array(
    "item1",
    "item2",
    "item3",
    "item4",
);
$array3 = array(
    "item1" => "value1",
    "item2" => "value2",
    "item3" => "value3",
    "item4" => "value4",
);';
$subst = '\\n\\t"itemA",\\n\\t"itemB",\\n\\t"itemC",\\n\\t"itemD"\\n';

$result = preg_replace($re, $subst, $str);

echo $result;

输出 2

$array1 = array(
    "item1" => "value1",
    "item2" => "value2",
    "item3" => "value3",
    "item4" => "value4",
);
$array2 = array(\n\t"itemA",\n\t"itemB",\n\t"itemC",\n\t"itemD"\n);
$array3 = array(
    "item1" => "value1",
    "item2" => "value2",
    "item3" => "value3",
    "item4" => "value4",
);

Answer 2

首先感谢@Emma 的所有帮助。 这是对我有用的最终代码，使用相同的示例进行了简化。

配置.php

<?php
$array1 = array(
    "item1" => "value1",
    "item2" => "value2",
    "item3" => "value3",
    "item4" => "value4",
);
$array2 = array(
    "item1",
    "item2",
    "item3",
    "item4",
);
$array3 = array(
    "item1" => "value1",
    "item2" => "value2",
    "item3" => "value3",
    "item4" => "value4",
);
?>

操作文件的 PHP 代码：

<?php
function format_array($newarray){
    return('    "'.$newarray.'",');
}
$pattern = '/(?s)(?<=\$array2 = array\()[^)]*/';
$myarray = array(
    "itemA",
    "itemB",
    "itemC",
    "itemD",
);
$myarray = array_map("format_array",$myarray);
array_unshift($myarray, '');
array_pop($myarray);
array_push($myarray,'');
$str=file_get_contents('config.php');
$str=preg_replace($pattern,implode(PHP_EOL, $myarray),$str);
file_put_contents('config.php', $str);
?>

输出

<?php
$array1 = array(
    "item1" => "value1",
    "item2" => "value2",
    "item3" => "value3",
    "item4" => "value4",
);
$array2 = array(
    "itemA",
    "itemB",
    "itemC",
    "itemD",
);
$array3 = array(
    "item1" => "value1",
    "item2" => "value2",
    "item3" => "value3",
    "item4" => "value4",
);
?>

为了获得包括缩进在内的预期结果，我必须存储新数组并在末尾创建一个前导空元素和另一个空元素。 这确保在文件中创建换行符，以便我们保持相同的格式。