RabbitMQ @RabbitListener 注释在 Spring 中不起作用（不是 spring-boot）

Question

我正在尝试在我的 spring-core 开发应用程序中实现 rabbitmq。 下面是我的 pom.xml

    <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.rabbitmq</groupId>
            <artifactId>amqp-client</artifactId>
            <version>5.9.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-amqp</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-rabbit</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

这是我的 RabbitConfiguration java 文件

import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CachingConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitAdmin;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.MessageListenerContainer;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.listener.SimpleMessageListenerContainer;
import org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.Jackson2JsonMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.MessageConverter;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Configuration
public class RabbitConfiguration {
    public static final String QUEUE_NAME="MyQueue";
    public static final String EXCHANGE_NAME="My_EXCHANGE";


    @Bean
    public ConnectionFactory connectionFactory() {
        CachingConnectionFactory connectionFactory =
                new CachingConnectionFactory("localhost");
        return connectionFactory;
    }

    @Bean
    public AmqpAdmin amqpAdmin() {
        return new RabbitAdmin(connectionFactory());
    }

    @Bean
    public RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate() {
        RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate = new RabbitTemplate(connectionFactory());
        rabbitTemplate.setMessageConverter(jsonMessageConverter());
        return rabbitTemplate;
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue myQueue() {
        return new Queue(QUEUE_NAME,false);
    }


   @Bean
   MessageListenerContainer messageListenerContainer() {
        SimpleMessageListenerContainer simpleMessageListenerContainer = new SimpleMessageListenerContainer();
        simpleMessageListenerContainer.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory());
        simpleMessageListenerContainer.setQueues(myQueue());
        simpleMessageListenerContainer.setMessageListener(new RabbitMQListner());
        return simpleMessageListenerContainer;
    }
    @Bean
    public MessageConverter jsonMessageConverter(){
        return new Jackson2JsonMessageConverter();
    }

}

这是我尝试使用兔子的服务 class

import com.rabbitmq.client.*;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.ExchangeTypes;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.io.IOException;
@Component
public class MessagingService{
    public void send(String msg){
        template.convertAndSend(QUEUE_NAME,msg);
    }


    @RabbitListener(queues = "foo")
    public void receiveMessage(String car)
    {
        System.out.println("Hello"+car);
    }
    @Bean
    private ApplicationContext context(){
        return new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(RabbitConfiguration.class);
    }

    @Bean
    private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate(){
        return context().getBean(AmqpTemplate.class);
    }

    @Autowired
    protected AmqpTemplate template;

send 方法工作得很好。 但是@Listener 注解的方法不起作用。 它不听。 我也尝试过，我创建了另一个配置文件并使用@EnableRabbit 进行了注释，但没有任何好处。 有什么秘方可以让它发挥作用吗？

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.EnableRabbit;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.config.SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@EnableRabbit
@Configuration
public class AppConfig extends RabbitConfiguration {
    @Bean
    public SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory myRabbitListenerContainerFactory() {
        SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory factory = new SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory();
        factory.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory());
        factory.setMaxConcurrentConsumers(5);
        factory.setMessageConverter(jsonMessageConverter());
        return factory;
    }
}

Answer 1

我希望你已经解决了这个问题，如果它没有解决，这就是我的想法。 使用 @RabbitListener 时，不需要使用 SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory 或 SimpleMessageListenerContainer class。 在 SimpleMessageListenerContainer 配置 class 中，您映射了 RabbitMQListner class 以进行侦听，但您正在尝试在 MessagingService class 中侦听消息。 在 SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory 中，您可以自行设置消息侦听器。

Answer 2

可能是代码正在创建自己的容器工厂myRabbitListenerContainerFactory ，但默认情况下 @RabbitListener 侦听rabbitListenerContainerFactory 。

尝试使用@RabbitListener(queues = "foo", connectionFactory="myRabbitListenerContainerFactory")

参考： https://docs.spring.io/spring-amqp/api/org/springframework/amqp/rabbit/annotation/RabbitListener.ZFC35FDC70D5FC69D269883A8A8