按关键字搜索并提取分隔符内的短语

Question

我有一列数据如下：

abc|frame|gtk|enst.24|pc|hg|,abc|framex|gtk4|enst.35|pxc|h5g|,abc|frbx|hgk4|enst.23|pix|hokg|
abc|frame|gtk|enst.15|pc|hg|,abc|framex|gtk2|enst.59|pxc|h5g|,abc|frbx|hgk4|enst.18|pif|homg|
abc|frame|gtk|enst.98|pc|hg|,abc|framex|gtk1|enst.45|pxc|h5g|,abc|frbx|hgk4|enst.74|pig|hofg|
abc|frame|gtk|enst.34|pc|hg|,abc|framex|gtk1|enst.67|pxc|h5g|,abc|frbx|hgk4|enst.39|pik|hoqg|

我想在框架内搜索和提取特定关键字，并仅提取分隔符中的数据

具体关键字是

enst.35
enst.18
enst.98
enst.63

预期的 output 是

abc|framex|gtk4|enst.35|pxc|h5g|
abc|frbx|hgk4|enst.18|pif|homg|
abc|frame|gtk|enst.98|pc|hg|
NA

如果未找到匹配项，则在 output 列中填写 NA。 同一列中可以多次出现 id ，但我只想考虑第一次出现。 我在这里尝试过，但没有有效地工作。 我们可以用 bash 脚本来做到这一点吗

Answer 1

您能否尝试在显示的示例中进行以下、编写和测试。 提及要在 Input_file 中搜索的变量values_to_be_searched中的所有值，使用,分隔符。

awk -v values_to_be_searched="enst.35,enst.18,enst.98,enst.63" '
BEGIN{
  FS=","
  num=split(values_to_be_searched,array,",")
  for(i=1;i<=num;i++){
    values[array[i]]
  }
}
{
  found=""
  for(i=1;i<=NF;i++){
    for(k in values){
      if(match($i,k)){
        print $i
        found=1
        break
      }
    }
  }
  if(found==""){
    print "NA"
  }
}
'  Input_file

说明：为上述代码添加详细说明。

awk -v values_to_be_searched="enst.35,enst.18,enst.98,enst.63" '  ##Creating variable values_to_be_searched which has all the values to be searched in it.
BEGIN{                                            ##Starting BEGIN section of this code from here.
  FS=","                                          ##Setting field separator as comma here.
  num=split(values_to_be_searched,array,",")      ##Splitting variable values_to_be_searched into an array here with delimiter comma.
  for(i=1;i<=num;i++){                            ##Running a for loop till value of nu here.
    values[array[i]]                              ##Creating array values which has index as value of array which are the keywords to be searched in Input_file.
  }
}
{
  found=""                                        ##Nullifying found here.
  for(i=1;i<=NF;i++){                             ##Running a for loop till NF here.
    for(k in values){                             ##Traversing through values array here.
      if(match($i,k)){                            ##If match of value k found in current field then do following.
        print $i                                  ##Printing current field here, looks like a match of keyword is found in current field.
        found=1                                   ##Setting found as 1 here.
        break                                     ##Using break to come out of loop and save some cycles of for loop here.
      }
    }
  }
  if(found==""){                                  ##Checking condition if found is NOT SET then do following.
    print "NA"                                    ##Printing NA here.
  }
}
' Input_file                                      ##Mentioning Input_file name here.

Answer 2

由于 pandas 被标记，您可以尝试使用str.split然后是explode ，然后str.contains + reindex for NaN 在缺少的行中

keywords = ['enst.35','enst.18','enst.98','enst.63']

s = df['Column'].str.split(',').explode()
s[s.str.contains('|'.join(keywords))].reindex(df.index)

---

0    abc|framex|gtk4|enst.35|pxc|h5g|
1     abc|frbx|hgk4|enst.18|pif|homg|
2        abc|frame|gtk|enst.98|pc|hg|
3                                 NaN
Name: Column, dtype: object

注意：将代码中的Column替换为原始列名。

Answer 3

另一种方式：

for STRING in enst.35 enst.18 enst.98 enst.63; do
  tr \, \\n < file.txt | grep "$STRING" || echo NA
done

Output 结果：

abc|framex|gtk4|enst.35|pxc|h5g|
abc|frbx|hgk4|enst.18|pif|homg|
abc|frame|gtk|enst.98|pc|hg|
NA