如何在特定符号处拆分长文本文件并将拆分的文件并排粘贴

Question

嗨，专家，我想在特定符号处拆分一大列文本文件（此处为 >），并希望将拆分后的文件并排粘贴，如下例所示：

我试过split -l 4 inputfile > otputfile但它没有帮助。我希望一些专家肯定会帮助我。

例如，我有如下数据：

>
1
2
2
4
>
4
3
5
3
>
4
5
2
3

我需要如下输出

1 4 4
2 3 5
2 5 2
4 3 3

Answer 1

编辑：根据 OP 的注释行， >标记之间的数字可能不规则，如果是这种情况，我想出了以下内容，它将添加NA以丢失特定的> 。 使用 GNU awk编写和测试，并考虑此处 Input_file 中没有空行。

awk -v RS=">" -v FS="\n" '
FNR==NR{
  max=(max>NF?max:NF)
  next
}
FNR>1{
  for(i=2;i<max;i++){
    val[i]=(val[i]?val[i] OFS:"")($i?$i:"NA")
  }
}
END{
  for(i=2;i<max;i++){
    print val[i]
  }
}' Input_file Input_file

---

---

您能否尝试在 GNU awk使用显示的示例进行跟踪、编写和测试。

awk '
/^>/{
  count=""
  next
}
{
  ++count
  val[count]=(val[count]?val[count] OFS:"")$0
}
END{
  for(i=1;i<=count;i++){
   print val[i]
  }
}' Input_file

说明：为以上添加详细说明。

awk '                                               ##Starting awk program from here.
/^>/{                                               ##Checking condition if a line starts from > then do following.
  count=""                                          ##Nullifying count variable here.
  next                                              ##next will skip all further statements from here.
}
{
  ++count                                           ##Incrementing count variable with 1 here.
  val[count]=(val[count]?val[count] OFS:"")$0       ##Creating val with index count and keep adding current lines values to it with spaces.
}
END{                                                ##Starting END block for this awk program from here.
  for(i=1;i<=count;i++){                            ##Starting a for loop from here.
   print val[i]                                     ##Printing array val with index i here.
  }
}' Input_file                                       ##Mentioning Input_file name here.

Answer 2

标记 Python 时的 Python 解决方案：

columns = []  # List of columns, each column will be another list of lines
with open('example.txt', 'r') as f:
    for line in f:
        line = line.strip()  # Remove leading and trailing white spaces like "\n"
        if line == '>':
            columns.append([])  # If we find a ">" append a new column
        else:
            columns[-1].append(line)  # else append the line to the last column

with open('output.txt', 'w') as f:
    for row in zip(*columns):  # zip(*columns) trasposes the matrix
        f.write(" ".join(row) + "\n")

Answer 3

请尝试以下程序

a=""">
1
2
2
4
>
4
3
5
3
>
4
5
2
3"""
res=[[c for c in b.split("\n") if c] for b in a.split(">") if b]
print("\n".join([" ".join([item[i] for item in res]) for i in range(len(res[0]))]))

输出

1 4 4
2 3 5
2 5 2
4 3 3

---

如果你想从文件中读取。 使用这个程序如下。
这会产生与上面相同的输出。

with open("input.txt","r") as f, open("output.txt","w") as f1:
    a=f.read()
    res=[[c for c in b.split("\n") if c] for b in a.split(">") if b]
    f1.write("\n".join([" ".join([item[i] for item in res]) for i in range(len(res[0]))]))