如何通过 mingw-w64 在 windows 中运行 vulkan 示例代码？

Question

每个人。 我最近开始在我的 window 笔记本电脑上学习 vulkan sdk 编程。 我下载了VulkanSDK-1.2.162.0、x86_64-8.1.0-release-win32-seh-rt_v6-rev0和glfw-3.3.2.bin.WIN64，解压并设置windows路径，全部完成并测试结果显示在 cmd 中像这样：

C:\Users\Administrator>g++ --version
g++ (x86_64-win32-seh-rev0, Built by MinGW-W64 project) 8.1.0
Copyright (C) 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

C:\Users\Administrator>vulkaninfo
==========
VULKANINFO
==========

Vulkan Instance Version: 1.2.154


Instance Extensions: count = 11
===============================
        VK_EXT_debug_report                    : extension revision 9
        VK_EXT_debug_utils                     : extension revision 2
        VK_EXT_swapchain_colorspace            : extension revision 4
......
......
......

我是c/c++编程的初学者，在我对c/c++编译器工作流程的基本了解中，它需要header文件路径和库路径。 因此，我尝试使用 g++ 命令在我的机器上运行 vulkan 的官方cpp 代码，如下所示：

g++ -std=c++11 vlkantest.cpp -I D:\\Other\\Vulkan\\SDK_ROOT\\1.2.162.0\\Include -I D:\\Other\\mingw64\\include -I D:\\Other\\glfw-3.3.2.bin.WIN64\\include -L D:\\Other\\Vulkan\\SDK_ROOT\\1.2.162.0\\Lib -L D:\\Other\\mingw64\\lib -L D:\\Other\\glfw-3.3.2.bin.WIN64\\lib-mingw-w64

但是，我只是得到这样的结果：

g++ -std=c++11 vlkantest.cpp -I D:\\Other\\Vulkan\\SDK_ROOT\\1.2.162.0\\Include -I D:\\Other\\mingw64\\include -I D:\\Other\\glfw-3.3.2.bin.WIN64\\include -L D:\\Other\\Vulkan\\SDK_ROOT\\1.2.162.0\\Lib -L D:\\Other\\mingw64\\lib -L D:\\Other\\glfw-3.3.2.bin.WIN64\\lib-mingw-w64
C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\ccdv6xfT.o:vlkantest.cpp:(.text$_ZN24HelloTriangleApplication10initWindowEv[_ZN24HelloTriangleApplication10initWindowEv]+0xd): undefined reference to `glfwInit'
C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\ccdv6xfT.o:vlkantest.cpp:(.text$_ZN24HelloTriangleApplication10initWindowEv[_ZN24HelloTriangleApplication10initWindowEv]+0x1c): undefined reference to `glfwWindowHint'
C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\ccdv6xfT.o:vlkantest.cpp:(.text$_ZN24HelloTriangleApplication10initWindowEv[_ZN24HelloTriangleApplication10initWindowEv]+0x2b): undefined reference to `glfwWindowHint'
C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\ccdv6xfT.o:vlkantest.cpp:(.text$_ZN24HelloTriangleApplication10initWindowEv[_ZN24HelloTriangleApplication10initWindowEv]+0x50): undefined reference to `glfwCreateWindow'
C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\ccdv6xfT.o:vlkantest.cpp:(.text$_ZN24HelloTriangleApplication8mainLoopEv[_ZN24HelloTriangleApplication8mainLoopEv]+0x17): undefined reference to `glfwWindowShouldClose'
C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\ccdv6xfT.o:vlkantest.cpp:(.text$_ZN24HelloTriangleApplication8mainLoopEv[_ZN24HelloTriangleApplication8mainLoopEv]+0x25): undefined reference to `glfwPollEvents'
C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\ccdv6xfT.o:vlkantest.cpp:(.text$_ZN24HelloTriangleApplication7cleanupEv[_ZN24HelloTriangleApplication7cleanupEv]+0x17): undefined reference to `glfwDestroyWindow'
C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\ccdv6xfT.o:vlkantest.cpp:(.text$_ZN24HelloTriangleApplication7cleanupEv[_ZN24HelloTriangleApplication7cleanupEv]+0x1c): undefined reference to `glfwTerminate'
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status

我想我错过了 g++ 的一些参数，有人可以指出我在上面的 g++ 命令中的错误吗？ 或者只是简单地解释一下这个示例代码是如何通过 mingw-w64 在 windows 中运行的？ 非常感谢！

Answer 1

似乎您已经指定了库文件夹，但实际上并未链接这些库。 您是否尝试将-lglfw3 -lvulkan-1添加到您的编译命令中？