我如何 append 从一个列表到另一个列表的匹配元素？

Question

我有两个列表： file_name = ['AC30+775002+ secondary 2.jpg', 'AC30+775002+primary.jpg', 'AX-5+200998+primary.jpg', 'AX-5+200998+secondary 2.jpg', 'CJ19+244082+ Primary.jpg']

number = ['775002', '200998', '244082']

我正在尝试将 append 到列表number ，我在列表file_name中找到的匹配字符串使其变为：

number = [['775002', 'AC30+775002+ secondary 2.jpg', 'AC30+775002+primary.jpg'], ['200998', 'AX-5+200998+primary.jpg', 'AX-5+200998+secondary 2.jpg'], ['244082', 'CJ19+244082+ Primary.jpg']]

这些列表是从单数 column.csv 文件中提取的，因此我还希望以 Excel 上可读的格式将其导出以在数据库中工作。

这是我到目前为止所拥有的：

with open('file_name.csv', newline='') as csvfile:
    file_name = list(csv.reader(csvfile))

with open('number.csv', newline='') as csvfile:
    number = list(csv.reader(csvfile))

for i in number:
    matching = [s for s in file_name if number[i] in s]
    number[i].append(matching)```

Answer 1

您可以将所有内容存储在dict中

with open('file_name.csv', newline='') as csvfile:
   file_names = [line.split()[0] for line in csvfile]

with open('number.csv', newline='') as csvfile:
   numbers = [line.split()[0] for line in csvfile]

newdict = {}

for file_name in file_names:
    for number in numbers:
        if not number in newdict:
            newdict[number] = []
        if number in file_name:
            newdict[number].append(file_name)

output：

{'775002': ['AC30+775002+ secondary 2.jpg', 'AC30+775002+primary.jpg'], '200998': ['AX-5+200998+primary.jpg', 'AX-5+200998+secondary 2.jpg'], '244082': ['CJ19+244082+ Primary.jpg']}

Answer 2

问题是您在迭代列表时正在更改它。 从来都不是一个好主意，而且您正在访问number[i] ，就好像您在使用范围进行迭代一样。 不过，这也可以使用理解轻松完成

file_name = ['AC30+775002+ secondary 2.jpg', 'AC30+775002+primary.jpg', 'AX-5+200998+primary.jpg', 'AX-5+200998+secondary 2.jpg', 'CJ19+244082+ Primary.jpg']
number = ['775002', '200998', '244082']

all_matches = [[i] + [s for s in file_name if i in s] for i in number]

---

[['775002', 'AC30+775002+ secondary 2.jpg', 'AC30+775002+primary.jpg'], ['200998', 'AX-5+200998+primary.jpg', 'AX-5+200998+secondary 2.jpg'], ['244082', 'CJ19+244082+ Primary.jpg']]

或者使用更合适的数据类型（ dict ）

all_matches = {i: [s for s in file_name if i in s] for i in number}

---

{'775002': ['AC30+775002+ secondary 2.jpg', 'AC30+775002+primary.jpg'], '200998': ['AX-5+200998+primary.jpg', 'AX-5+200998+secondary 2.jpg'], '244082': ['CJ19+244082+ Primary.jpg']}