升级 brew 不适用于任何密码 - 如何获得适当的权限？ - 我应该如何正确管理冲泡？

Question

按照建议，我创建了一个管理员用户和一个常规用户，用于常规使用。 出于某种原因，我一直被要求输入我的 sudo 管理员密码（在安装应用程序、更新应用程序等时）——我想知道这是否是正确的做法。

对于我的主要问题 - brew 不允许我更新（ brew upgrade ）或安装它建议安装的任何东西： brew install --cask adoptopenjdk

如何获得 brew 的权限？ （我尝试了大多数建议的解决方案）

• 我尝试使用普通用户密码，它只是说我不是 sudoer。
• 我尝试使用我的其他管理员用户密码，但它不起作用。
• 我尝试使用su adminuser +输入管理员密码通过终端输入另一个管理员用户，然后运行sudo chown -R myregularuser $(brew --prefix)/*

这是我的 output。

myregularuser@my-MacBook-Pro ~ % brew upgrade
==> Casks with 'auto_updates' or 'version :latest' will not be upgraded; pass `--greedy` to upgrade them.
==> Upgrading 1 outdated package:
dbeaver-community 7.3.4 -> 7.3.5
==> Upgrading dbeaver-community
==> Caveats
dbeaver-community requires Java 8+. You can install the latest version with:
  brew install --cask adoptopenjdk

==> Downloading https://dbeaver.io/files/7.3.5/dbeaver-ce-7.3.5-macos.dmg
Already downloaded: /Users/myregularuser/Library/Caches/Homebrew/downloads/b40befbe84ad7d63eb719fde242f0c4f7fb1a8d019f1b546db8595f6b1901ff1--dbeaver-ce-7.3.5-macos.dmg
==> Backing App 'DBeaver.app' up to '/usr/local/Caskroom/dbeaver-community/7.3.4/DBeaver.app'
Password:

myregularuser@my-MacBook-Pro ~ % sudo chown -R $(whoami) $(brew --prefix)/*
Password:
myregularuser is not in the sudoers file.  This incident will be reported.

idk，也许将普通用户与brew一起使用被认为是不好的做法，无论如何，请帮我解决这个问题。

编辑：

我试过了：

sudo chown -R myregularuser:admin /usr/local/Homebrew /usr/local/etc/bash_completion.d /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig /usr/local/share/aclocal /usr/local/share/doc /usr/local/share/info /usr/local/share/locale /usr/local/share/man /usr/local/share/man/man1 /usr/local/share/man/man3 /usr/local/share/man/man5 /usr/local/share/man/man7 /usr/local/share/man/man8 /usr/local/var/homebrew/locks

sudo chown -R myregularuser /usr/local/Homebrew /usr/local/etc/bash_completion.d /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig /usr/local/share/aclocal /usr/local/share/doc /usr/local/share/info /usr/local/share/locale /usr/local/share/man /usr/local/share/man/man1 /usr/local/share/man/man3 /usr/local/share/man/man5 /usr/local/share/man/man7 /usr/local/share/man/man8 /usr/local/var/homebrew/locks

两者都没有工作：

myregularuser@my-MacBook-Pro ~ % brew upgrade
==> Casks with 'auto_updates' or 'version :latest' will not be upgraded; pass `--greedy` to upgrade them.
==> Upgrading 1 outdated package:
dbeaver-community 7.3.4 -> 7.3.5
==> Upgrading dbeaver-community
==> Caveats
dbeaver-community requires Java 8+. You can install the latest version with:
  brew install --cask adoptopenjdk

==> Downloading https://dbeaver.io/files/7.3.5/dbeaver-ce-7.3.5-macos.dmg
Already downloaded: /Users/myregularuser/Library/Caches/Homebrew/downloads/b40befbe84ad7d63eb719fde242f0c4f7fb1a8d019f1b546db8595f6b1901ff1--dbeaver-ce-7.3.5-macos.dmg
==> Backing App 'DBeaver.app' up to '/usr/local/Caskroom/dbeaver-community/7.3.4/DBeaver.app'
Password:
Sorry, try again.
Password:
myregularuser is not in the sudoers file.  This incident will be reported.
==> Purging files for version 7.3.5 of Cask dbeaver-community
Error: dbeaver-community: Failure while executing; `/usr/bin/sudo -E -- /bin/cp -pR /Applications/DBeaver.app /usr/local/Caskroom/dbeaver-community/7.3.4/DBeaver.app` exited with 1. Here's the output:
myregularuser is not in the sudoers file.  This incident will be reported.

医生说：

Please note that these warnings are just used to help the Homebrew maintainers
with debugging if you file an issue. If everything you use Homebrew for is
working fine: please don't worry or file an issue; just ignore this. Thanks!

Warning: "config" scripts exist outside your system or Homebrew directories.
`./configure` scripts often look for *-config scripts to determine if
software packages are installed, and which additional flags to use when
compiling and linking.

Having additional scripts in your path can confuse software installed via
Homebrew if the config script overrides a system or Homebrew-provided
script of the same name. We found the following "config" scripts:
  /Users/regularuser/.pyenv/shims/icu-config
  /Users/regularuser/.pyenv/shims/krb5-config
  /Users/regularuser/.pyenv/shims/libpng16-config
  /Users/regularuser/.pyenv/shims/python3.9-config
  /Users/regularuser/.pyenv/shims/python-config
  /Users/regularuser/.pyenv/shims/python3-config
  /Users/regularuser/.pyenv/shims/ncursesw6-config
  /Users/regularuser/.pyenv/shims/pcre-config
  /Users/regularuser/.pyenv/shims/python3.8-config

应用权限（注意 dbeaver 组）

regularuser@my-MacBook-Pro ~ % ls -la /Applications
total 0
drwxrwxr-x  49 root    admin  1568 Feb 20 21:47 .
drwxr-xr-x  20 root    wheel   640 Jan  1  2020 ..
-rw-r--r--   1 root    wheel     0 Jan  1  2020 .localized
drwxr-xr-x@  3 root    wheel    96 Jan  2 23:14 AdBlock.app
lrwxr-xr-x   1 regularuser  admin    70 Jan  3 16:01 Anaconda-Navigator.app -> /Users/regularuser/.pyenv/versions/anaconda3-2020.07/Anaconda-Navigator.app
drwxr-xr-x@  3 regularuser  staff    96 Dec 15 15:11 Bartender 4.app
drwxr-xr-x@  3 root    wheel    96 Jan 10 16:35 Battery Health 2.app
drwxr-xr-x@  3 root    wheel    96 Jan 30 17:32 BitdefenderVirusScanner.app
drwxr-xr-x@  3 root    wheel    96 Jan 23 06:27 Cinebench.app
drwxr-xr-x   3 root    wheel    96 Jan  4 23:12 Cubase 10.app
drwxr-xr-x@  3 regularuser  staff    96 Feb 15 19:58 DBeaver.app
drwxr-xr-x@  3 regularuser  admin    96 Dec 21 12:58 Docker.app
drwxr-xr-x   3 regularuser  admin    96 Feb 19 21:13 Dropbox.app
drwxr-xr-x   3 regularuser  admin    96 Jan  3 00:20 Fork.app
drwxr-xr-x@  3 regularuser  staff    96 Dec 19 17:07 GIMP-2.10.app
drwxr-xr-x@  3 root    wheel    96 Jan 23 06:45 GPU Benchmark.app
drwxrwxr-x   3 regularuser  admin    96 Feb 13 05:43 Google Chrome.app
drwxr-xr-x@  3 root    wheel    96 Jan 26 21:34 Grammarly for Safari.app
lrwxr-xr-x   1 root    admin    43 Jan  4 21:56 HALion Library Manager.app -> /Applications/Steinberg Library Manager.app
drwxr-xr-x@  3 root    wheel    96 Jan 27 17:22 Instastats.app
drwxr-xr-x   3 root    wheel    96 Feb 19 20:53 IriunWebcam.app
drwxr-xr-x@  3 root    wheel    96 Jan  2 23:11 LastPass.app
drwxr-xr-x   3 regularuser  admin    96 Jan  4 21:56 License Control Center.app
drwxrwxr-x@  3 root    wheel    96 Feb 16 20:57 Microsoft Excel.app
drwxrwxr-x@  3 root    wheel    96 Feb 16 20:55 Microsoft PowerPoint.app
drwxrwxr-x@  3 root    wheel    96 Feb 16 20:56 Microsoft Word.app
drwxr-xr-x@  3 regularuser  admin    96 Jan  9 02:07 OBS.app
drwxr-xr-x@  3 root    wheel    96 Feb 16 20:49 OneDrive.app
drwxr-xr-x@  3 root    wheel    96 Jan 30 18:26 Parcel.app
drwxr-xr-x   3 root    wheel    96 Feb  9 08:54 Postman.app
drwxr-xr-x@  3 root    wheel    96 Jan 21 16:10 Raindrop.io for Safari.app
drwxr-xr-x@  3 regularuser  admin    96 Jan  6 11:38 Razer macOS.app
drwxr-xr-x@  3 root    wheel    96 Jan  1  2020 Safari.app
drwxr-xr-x   3 regularuser  staff    96 Dec  9 01:11 Spotify.app
drwxr-xr-x@  3 regularuser  admin    96 Apr  7  2020 Steam.app
drwxr-xr-x   4 root    admin   128 Jan  4 21:55 Steinberg Download Assistant
drwxr-xr-x   3 root    wheel    96 Jan  4 21:56 Steinberg Library Manager.app
drwxr-xr-x@  3 regularuser  admin    96 Oct  1  2019 Sublime Text.app
drwxr-xr-x@  3 regularuser  admin    96 Dec 21 23:26 Turbo Boost Switcher.app
drwxr-xr-x   3 root    wheel    96 Jan  1  2020 Utilities
drwxr-xr-x   3 root    wheel    96 Feb  6 09:45 Visual Studio Code.app
drwxr-xr-x@  3 root    wheel    96 Feb 11 13:43 WhatsApp.app
drwxr-xr-x@  3 root    wheel    96 Feb  5 20:19 Xcode.app
drwxr-xr-x@  3 regularuser  staff    96 Dec 16 11:41 gfxCardStatus.app
drwxr-xr-x   3 regularuser  staff    96 Feb 12 21:38 iTerm.app
drwxrwxrwx   3 root    admin    96 Jan 14 18:03 lghub.app
drwxr-xr-x@  3 regularuser  staff    96 Jan 19 02:38 qBittorrent.app
drwxr-xr-x@  5 regularuser  admin   160 Nov  7 01:11 tbswitcher_resources
drwxr-xr-x   3 regularuser  wheel    96 Feb 11 14:45 zoom.us.app

我发现了一些新东西：

我一直在 brew 上安装一些应用程序并且一切正常 - 但是 - 似乎一些使用木桶安装的应用程序需要 sudo 权限（通过应用程序，我认为......与 brew 本身没有任何关系） - 我试过了使用--app-dir= （ https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-cask/blob/master/USAGE.md#options ）在一些，一些工作，一些没有（wireshark没有工作，但dbeaver工作） - 并将应用程序安装在我选择的另一个文件夹中，该文件夹不是/Applications文件夹。 我尝试选择它，但不，不起作用。

/Applications设置为以下权限：

drwxrwxr-x  48 root  admin  1536 Feb 20 22:07 Applications

我想我的/Applications文件夹在权限方面可能有问题。 我不能改变它的主人。 我只想提一下，我目前使用的常规用户曾经是 sudo 用户。 当我发现将 mac 用于常规内容时，建议使用非 sudo 用户 - 我决定创建一个新用户作为 sudo 用户，并从常规用户中删除 sudo。 我不知道这是否与它有关。

Answer 1

只需为此安装为您的 myregularuser 授予 sudo 权限

第一步：输入您的用户管理员

su adminuser

第二步：赋予 myregularuser sudo 权限

sudo adduser myregularuser sudo

最后：现在您可以安装以前在普通用户中无法安装的东西

最后一步：一切完成后，去掉myregularuser的sudo权限，这样regularuser就会恢复到原来的function

sudo deluser myregularuser sudo