尽管拥有最新版本的 R studio 和 R 工具，但 devtools 无法安装 [关闭]

Question

关闭。 此问题不可重现或由拼写错误引起。 它目前不接受答案。

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此问题是由拼写错误或无法再重现的问题引起的。 虽然类似的问题可能是这里的主题，但这个问题的解决方式不太可能帮助未来的读者。

6 小时前关闭。

改进这个问题

我正在尝试做一些需要开发工具的事情，但它不会安装。

由于错误消息的第一行显示“需要 Rtools，当前未安装”，我从 CRAN 下载了它，但该消息一直显示。

同样在那里的某个地方，它说了一些关于这些依赖关系的东西，所以我尝试自己安装'callr'，但它也没有工作，并给了我这个“非零退出状态”消息。

阅读其他类似问题的答案建议确保它是 R 工作室的最新版本，所以我刚刚更新到最新版本。 sessioninfo() 告诉我 Rstudio 正在使用 R 版本 4.0.2 (2020-06-22)

这是尝试安装 devtools 时的回复

> install.packages("devtools")
WARNING: Rtools is required to build R packages but is not currently installed. Please download and install the appropriate version of Rtools before proceeding:

https://cran.rstudio.com/bin/windows/Rtools/
Installing package into ‘C:/Users/49176/Documents/R/win-library/4.0’
(as ‘lib’ is unspecified)
also installing the dependencies ‘processx’, ‘callr’, ‘cli’, ‘pkgload’, ‘rlang’, ‘roxygen2’, ‘testthat’


  There are binary versions available but the source versions are later:
         binary source needs_compilation
processx  3.5.3  3.7.0              TRUE
callr     3.7.0  3.7.1             FALSE
cli       3.2.0  3.3.0              TRUE
pkgload   1.2.4  1.3.0             FALSE
rlang     1.0.2  1.0.4              TRUE
roxygen2  7.1.2  7.2.1              TRUE
testthat  3.1.3  3.1.4              TRUE
devtools  2.4.3  2.4.4             FALSE

  Binaries will be installed
trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/bin/windows/contrib/4.0/processx_3.5.3.zip'
Content type 'application/zip' length 1251167 bytes (1.2 MB)
downloaded 1.2 MB

trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/bin/windows/contrib/4.0/cli_3.2.0.zip'
Content type 'application/zip' length 1256176 bytes (1.2 MB)
downloaded 1.2 MB

trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/bin/windows/contrib/4.0/rlang_1.0.2.zip'
Content type 'application/zip' length 1718545 bytes (1.6 MB)
downloaded 1.6 MB

trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/bin/windows/contrib/4.0/roxygen2_7.1.2.zip'
Content type 'application/zip' length 1352206 bytes (1.3 MB)
downloaded 1.3 MB

trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/bin/windows/contrib/4.0/testthat_3.1.3.zip'
Content type 'application/zip' length 2559620 bytes (2.4 MB)
downloaded 2.4 MB

package ‘processx’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
package ‘cli’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
package ‘rlang’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
package ‘roxygen2’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
package ‘testthat’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked

The downloaded binary packages are in
    C:\Users\49176\AppData\Local\Temp\Rtmpa03PA3\downloaded_packages
installing the source packages ‘callr’, ‘pkgload’, ‘devtools’

trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/callr_3.7.1.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 90475 bytes (88 KB)
downloaded 88 KB

trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/pkgload_1.3.0.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 76008 bytes (74 KB)
downloaded 74 KB

trying URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/devtools_2.4.4.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 374492 bytes (365 KB)
downloaded 365 KB

* installing *source* package 'callr' ...
** package 'callr' successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
** using staged installation
** R
** inst
** byte-compile and prepare package for lazy loading
Error in loadNamespace(j <- i[[1L]], c(lib.loc, .libPaths()), versionCheck = vI[[j]]) : 
  namespace 'processx' 3.5.3 is being loaded, but >= 3.6.1 is required
Calls: <Anonymous> ... namespaceImportFrom -> asNamespace -> loadNamespace
Execution halted
ERROR: lazy loading failed for package 'callr'
* removing 'C:/Users/49176/Documents/R/win-library/4.0/callr'
* restoring previous 'C:/Users/49176/Documents/R/win-library/4.0/callr'
Warning in install.packages :
  installation of package ‘callr’ had non-zero exit status
* installing *source* package 'pkgload' ...
** package 'pkgload' successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
** using staged installation
** R
** inst
** byte-compile and prepare package for lazy loading
Error in loadNamespace(i, c(lib.loc, .libPaths()), versionCheck = vI[[i]]) : 
  namespace 'rlang' 1.0.2 is being loaded, but >= 1.0.3 is required
Calls: <Anonymous> ... withCallingHandlers -> loadNamespace -> namespaceImport -> loadNamespace
Execution halted
ERROR: lazy loading failed for package 'pkgload'
* removing 'C:/Users/49176/Documents/R/win-library/4.0/pkgload'
* restoring previous 'C:/Users/49176/Documents/R/win-library/4.0/pkgload'
Warning in install.packages :
  installation of package ‘pkgload’ had non-zero exit status
* installing *source* package 'devtools' ...
** package 'devtools' successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
** using staged installation
** R
** inst
** byte-compile and prepare package for lazy loading
Error in loadNamespace(j <- i[[1L]], c(lib.loc, .libPaths()), versionCheck = vI[[j]]) : 
  namespace 'cli' 3.2.0 is already loaded, but >= 3.3.0 is required
Calls: <Anonymous> ... namespaceImportFrom -> asNamespace -> loadNamespace
Execution halted
ERROR: lazy loading failed for package 'devtools'
* removing 'C:/Users/49176/Documents/R/win-library/4.0/devtools'
Warning in install.packages :
  installation of package ‘devtools’ had non-zero exit status

The downloaded source packages are in
    ‘C:\Users\49176\AppData\Local\Temp\Rtmpa03PA3\downloaded_packages’