无法确定推荐的 JdbcType<class></class>

Question

我一直在四处搜索，我发现的最接近的东西可能是这个Stack Overflow 线程，但它仍然没有回答我的问题。 即使使用最新的 spring（截至撰写时）框架 (2.7.2)、 hibernate (6.1.2.Final) 和hibernate-entitymanager (5.6.10.Final)，我仍然遇到麻烦。 我的完整错误堆栈如下：

INFO <PID> --- [main] com.lms.controller.SpringBootController  : Starting SpringBootController using Java 17.0.4 on <OS> with PID <PID> <FILEPATH> started by <USER> in <FILEPATH>)
INFO <PID> --- [main] com.lms.controller.SpringBootController  : No active profile set, falling back to 1 default profile: "default"
INFO <PID> --- [main] .s.d.r.c.RepositoryConfigurationDelegate : Bootstrapping Spring Data JPA repositories in DEFAULT mode.
INFO <PID> --- [main] .s.d.r.c.RepositoryConfigurationDelegate : Finished Spring Data repository scanning in 28 ms. Found 2 JPA repository interfaces.
INFO <PID> --- [main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)
INFO <PID> --- [main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service [Tomcat]
INFO <PID> --- [main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine  : Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/10.0.22]
INFO <PID> --- [main] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
INFO <PID> --- [main] w.s.c.ServletWebServerApplicationContext : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 944 ms
INFO <PID> --- [main] o.hibernate.jpa.internal.util.LogHelper  : HHH000204: Processing PersistenceUnitInfo [name: default]
INFO <PID> --- [main] org.hibernate.Version                    : HHH000412: Hibernate ORM core version 6.1.2.Final
WARN <PID> --- [main] org.hibernate.orm.deprecation            : HHH90000021: Encountered deprecated setting [javax.persistence.sharedCache.mode], use [jakarta.persistence.sharedCache.mode] instead
INFO <PID> --- [main] SQL dialect                              : HHH000400: Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect
ERROR <PID> --- [main] j.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean : Failed to initialize JPA EntityManagerFactory: Could not determine recommended JdbcType for `com.lms.entity.Role`
WARN <PID> --- [main] ConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext : Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/orm/jpa/HibernateJpaConfiguration.class]: Could not determine recommended JdbcType for `com.lms.entity.Role`
INFO <PID> --- [main] com.lms.controller.SpringBootController  : Starting SpringBootController using Java 17.0.4 on <OS> with PID <PID> <FILEPATH> started by <USER> in <FILEPATH>)
INFO <PID> --- [main] com.lms.controller.SpringBootController  : No active profile set, falling back to 1 default profile: "default"
INFO <PID> --- [main] .s.d.r.c.RepositoryConfigurationDelegate : Bootstrapping Spring Data JPA repositories in DEFAULT mode.
INFO <PID> --- [main] .s.d.r.c.RepositoryConfigurationDelegate : Finished Spring Data repository scanning in 28 ms. Found 2 JPA repository interfaces.
INFO <PID> --- [main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)
INFO <PID> --- [main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service [Tomcat]
INFO <PID> --- [main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine  : Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/10.0.22]
INFO <PID> --- [main] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
INFO <PID> --- [main] w.s.c.ServletWebServerApplicationContext : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 944 ms
INFO <PID> --- [main] o.hibernate.jpa.internal.util.LogHelper  : HHH000204: Processing PersistenceUnitInfo [name: default]
INFO <PID> --- [main] org.hibernate.Version                    : HHH000412: Hibernate ORM core version 6.1.2.Final
WARN <PID> --- [main] org.hibernate.orm.deprecation            : HHH90000021: Encountered deprecated setting [javax.persistence.sharedCache.mode], use [jakarta.persistence.sharedCache.mode] instead
INFO <PID> --- [main] SQL dialect                              : HHH000400: Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect
ERROR <PID> --- [main] j.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean : Failed to initialize JPA EntityManagerFactory: Could not determine recommended JdbcType for `com.lms.entity.Role`
WARN <PID> --- [main] ConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext : Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/orm/jpa/HibernateJpaConfiguration.class]: Could not determine recommended JdbcType for `com.lms.entity.Role`
INFO <PID> --- [main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Stopping service [Tomcat]
INFO <PID> --- [main] ConditionEvaluationReportLoggingListener : 

Error starting ApplicationContext. To display the conditions report re-run your application with 'debug' enabled.
  ERROR <PID> --- [main] o.s.boot.SpringApplication               : Application run failed

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/orm/jpa/HibernateJpaConfiguration.class]: Could not determine recommended JdbcType for `com.lms.entity.Role`
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1753) ~[spring-beans-6.0.0-M5.jar:6.0.0-M5]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:604) ~[spring-beans-6.0.0-M5.jar:6.0.0-M5]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:526) ~[spring-beans-6.0.0-M5.jar:6.0.0-M5]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:326) ~[spring-beans-6.0.0-M5.jar:6.0.0-M5]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234) ~[spring-beans-6.0.0-M5.jar:6.0.0-M5]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:324) ~[spring-beans-6.0.0-M5.jar:6.0.0-M5]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:200) ~[spring-beans-6.0.0-M5.jar:6.0.0-M5]
        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getBean(AbstractApplicationContext.java:1141) ~[spring-context-6.0.0-M5.jar:6.0.0-M5]
        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:916) ~[spring-context-6.0.0-M5.jar:6.0.0-M5]
        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:592) ~[spring-context-6.0.0-M5.jar:6.0.0-M5]
        at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:146) ~[spring-boot-3.0.0-M4.jar:3.0.0-M4]
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:731) ~[spring-boot-3.0.0-M4.jar:3.0.0-M4]
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:430) ~[spring-boot-3.0.0-M4.jar:3.0.0-M4]
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:312) ~[spring-boot-3.0.0-M4.jar:3.0.0-M4]
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1303) ~[spring-boot-3.0.0-M4.jar:3.0.0-M4]
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1292) ~[spring-boot-3.0.0-M4.jar:3.0.0-M4]
        at com.lms.controller.SpringBootController.main(SpringBootController.java:30) ~[classes/:na]
Caused by: org.hibernate.type.descriptor.java.spi.JdbcTypeRecommendationException: Could not determine recommended JdbcType for `com.lms.entity.Role`
        at org.hibernate.type.descriptor.java.spi.UnknownBasicJavaType.getRecommendedJdbcType(UnknownBasicJavaType.java:37) ~[hibernate-core-6.1.2.Final.jar:6.1.2.Final]
        at org.hibernate.type.descriptor.java.spi.BasicCollectionJavaType.getRecommendedJdbcType(BasicCollectionJavaType.java:70) ~[hibernate-core-6.1.2.Final.jar:6.1.2.Final]
        at org.hibernate.boot.model.process.internal.InferredBasicValueResolver.from(InferredBasicValueResolver.java:222) ~[hibernate-core-6.1.2.Final.jar:6.1.2.Final]
        at org.hibernate.mapping.BasicValue.buildResolution(BasicValue.java:507) ~[hibernate-core-6.1.2.Final.jar:6.1.2.Final]
        at org.hibernate.mapping.BasicValue.resolve(BasicValue.java:315) ~[hibernate-core-6.1.2.Final.jar:6.1.2.Final]
        at org.hibernate.mapping.BasicValue.resolve(BasicValue.java:305) ~[hibernate-core-6.1.2.Final.jar:6.1.2.Final]
        at org.hibernate.boot.internal.InFlightMetadataCollectorImpl.lambda$processValueResolvers$4(InFlightMetadataCollectorImpl.java:1766) ~[hibernate-core-6.1.2.Final.jar:6.1.2.Final]
        at java.base/java.util.ArrayList.removeIf(ArrayList.java:1682) ~[na:na]
        at java.base/java.util.ArrayList.removeIf(ArrayList.java:1660) ~[na:na]
        at org.hibernate.boot.internal.InFlightMetadataCollectorImpl.processValueResolvers(InFlightMetadataCollectorImpl.java:1765) ~[hibernate-core-6.1.2.Final.jar:6.1.2.Final]
        at org.hibernate.boot.internal.InFlightMetadataCollectorImpl.processSecondPasses(InFlightMetadataCollectorImpl.java:1751) ~[hibernate-core-6.1.2.Final.jar:6.1.2.Final]
        at org.hibernate.boot.model.process.spi.MetadataBuildingProcess.complete(MetadataBuildingProcess.java:300) ~[hibernate-core-6.1.2.Final.jar:6.1.2.Final]
        at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.metadata(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:1350) ~[hibernate-core-6.1.2.Final.jar:6.1.2.Final]
        at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.build(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:1421) ~[hibernate-core-6.1.2.Final.jar:6.1.2.Final]
        at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.SpringHibernateJpaPersistenceProvider.createContainerEntityManagerFactory(SpringHibernateJpaPersistenceProvider.java:57) ~[spring-orm-6.0.0-M5.jar:6.0.0-M5]
        at org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.createNativeEntityManagerFactory(LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:362) ~[spring-orm-6.0.0-M5.jar:6.0.0-M5]
        at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.buildNativeEntityManagerFactory(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:409) ~[spring-orm-6.0.0-M5.jar:6.0.0-M5]
        at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:396) ~[spring-orm-6.0.0-M5.jar:6.0.0-M5]
        at org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:338) ~[spring-orm-6.0.0-M5.jar:6.0.0-M5]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1799) ~[spring-beans-6.0.0-M5.jar:6.0.0-M5]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1749) ~[spring-beans-6.0.0-M5.jar:6.0.0-M5]
        ... 16 common frames omitted

这是我的Role.java文件：

package com.lms.entity;
import jakarta.persistence.Column;
import jakarta.persistence.Entity;
import jakarta.persistence.Enumerated;
import jakarta.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import jakarta.persistence.GenerationType;
import jakarta.persistence.Id;
import jakarta.persistence.Table;
import jakarta.persistence.EnumType;

@Entity
@Table(name = "roles")
public class Role {
    @Id
    @Column(name = "roleID", nullable = false)
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int roleID;
    
    @Enumerated(EnumType.STRING)
    @Column(name = "roleName", nullable = false)
    private RoleEnum roleName;

    public int getRoleID(){
        return this.roleID;
    }
    public void setRoleID(int roleid){
        this.roleID = roleid;
    }
    public RoleEnum getRoleName(){
        return this.roleName;
    }
    public void setRoleName(RoleEnum rolename){
        this.roleName = rolename;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString(){
        return "The role's id is: " + this.roleID + "\nThe role's name is: " + this.roleName.toString();
    }
}

即使我的Role.java只包含 roleID 值，我也会得到同样的错误，而我的其他 Entity 类不会抛出这些错误，它们基本上是同一件事。 这个类唯一独特的地方是RoleEnum类型，它基于这个 Enum 类： RoleEnum.java

public enum RoleEnum {
    SUPER_ADMIN,
    FORUM_ADMIN,
    ACCOUNTANT,
    LIBRARIAN,
    NORMAL_USER,
    FORUM_USER
}

当我试图复制这个人的在 Java Spring 中实现 JWT 的指南并工作时，我遇到了这个错误，但他们使用的是2.2.11.RELEASE而不是我正在使用的3.0.0-M4 。

我可能的候选人是jakarta.*而不是javax.*有一些时髦的东西，我不完全理解它们之间的区别。 我认为可能有问题的另一个候选人是 EntityManager 的某些东西导致了问题，但我找不到任何相关信息。 我的错误是Could not determine recommended JdbcType for com.lms.entity.Role ，我能做些什么来解决这个问题吗？

Answer 1

我有一个类似的错误。 不是真正的依赖性问题。

org.hibernate.type.descriptor.java.spi.JdbcTypeRecommendationException: Could not determine recommended JdbcType for com.payment.Payment

在我的例子中，我发现 Payment 实体与其他实体有关系，并且实际上在其他地方使用过。

通过删除其他实体中使用的该实体的实例来修复错误，因此不会“混淆”Hibernate 如何创建支付实体。

Answer 2

此错误有很多原因，但在您的情况下，似乎是Role实体与在关系中使用它的另一个实体之间的关系。 此错误的最常见原因是在另一个实体中引用了此实体，并且没有设置正确的注释。

在我的例子中，我有实体MealFood （错误日志指向它），并且它在Meal实体中使用。 （一对多从MealFood开始）。 问题是我没有在Meal实体中正确映射它，所以 hibernate 不知道如何处理它。

请检查 jayson mulwa 回答中提到的Role实体是否在另一个类中使用，并添加适当的注释。

希望能帮助到你。

Answer 3

我有同样的问题，我通过添加@ManyToOne注释来解决它。 我想在你的情况下它会在RoleEnum字段中。 好吧，至少这对我有用。