RabbitMQ 标头绑定未按预期工作，Header 交换正在将消息路由到所有绑定队列

Question

我想根据标头路由 rabbitmq 条消息，我已经创建了一个适当的基础设施，包括标头交换、队列、绑定等。下面是consumer.py的完整代码

import pika

# define variables
url = "amqp://rabbitmq-host/"
exchange = 'headers-exchange',
s_queue = 'StudentQueue'
t_queue = 'TeacherQueue'

# create connection
connection_parameters = pika.URLParameters(url)
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(connection_parameters)
channel = connection.channel()

# declare exchange
channel.exchange_declare(
    exchange=exchange,
    exchange_type='headers',
    durable=True
)

# declare student queue
channel.queue_declare(
    queue=s_queue,
    durable=True,
)
# bind student queue
channel.queue_bind(
    exchange=exchange,
    queue=s_queue,
    # bind arguments:
    # match all the given headers
    # match x-queue should be equal to student
    arguments={
        "x-match": "all",
        "x-queue": "student"
    },
)

# declare teacher queue
channel.queue_declare(
    queue=t_queue,
    durable=True,
)
# bind teacher queue
channel.queue_bind(
    exchange=exchange,
    queue=t_queue,
    # bind arguments:
    # match all the given headers
    # match x-queue should be equal to teacher
    arguments={
        "x-match": "all",
        "x-queue": "teacher"
    },
)

和发布模块（ publish.py ）如下所示：

import datetime
import time
import uuid
import pika

# define variables
url = "amqp://rabbitmq-host/"
exchange = 'headers-exchange',

# create connection
connection_parameters = pika.URLParameters(url)
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(connection_parameters)
channel = connection.channel()

# declare exchange
channel.exchange_declare(
    exchange=exchange,
    exchange_type='headers',
    durable=True
)

# define message id
id_ = uuid.uuid4()
message_id = id_.hex
timestamp = time.mktime(datetime.datetime.now().timetuple())                                                     


# define message property esp. headers
properties = pika.BasicProperties(
    content_type="application/json",
    # match x-queue = student header
    # to the StudentQueue
    headers={"x-queue": "student"}
    message_id=message_id,
    timestamp=timestamp,
    delivery_mode=2,
)

# publish the message for student queue
channel.basic_publish(
    exchange=exchange,
    routing_key="",
    body="for student queue only",
    properties=properties,
)

发布的消息应该只传递给StudentQueue ，因为我们有headers={"x-queue": "student"}但它也被传递给了TeacherQueue ，这是不正确的。

应用程序版本列表是：

RabbitMQ: 3.6.16
Erlang: 20.3.4
Pika: 1.2.1

有人可以指出我错过的明显之处，这可能与不匹配的版本有关吗？ 任何帮助将非常感激。

干杯，DD。

Answer 1

从文档中：

对于“any”和“all”，以字符串 x- 开头的标头将不会用于评估匹配项。

因此，在绑定参数和消息 header 中的示例中，将"x-queue": "teacher"更改为"queue": "teacher" （但仍保留绑定参数"x-match": "all"原样）。