“ItemController”中构造函数的参数 0 需要找不到类型为“.ItemRepository”的 bean。 （春季数据云 Firestore）

Question

我是 Spring 的新手，在使用“标准”API 创建第一个简单项目后，我尝试使用 Spring Cloud GCP 将所有内容与 Google Firestore 集成，特别是与 Firestore (Spring Data Cloud Firestore) 相关的项目。 但是我一直遇到这个错误，我无法弄清楚：

***************************
APPLICATION FAILED TO START
***************************

Description:

Parameter 0 of constructor in 'com.example.spring_backend.ItemController' required a bean of type 'com.example.spring_backend.ItemRepository' that could not be found.


Action:

Consider defining a bean of type 'com.example.spring_backend.ItemRepository' in your configuration.

我的项目结构是这样的：

我在application.properties中输入了项目名称和我的 GC 服务密钥的路径。

下面是各种文件的代码：

商品 Java：

@Document(collectionName = "items")
public class Item {

    @DocumentId
    private String name;
    
    private ArrayList<String> labels;
    private Boolean classified;
    private String base64;

    // Constructors
    public Item() {
    }

    public Item(String name, String base64) {
        this.name = name;
        this.labels = null;
        this.classified = false;
        this.base64 = base64;
    }

    public Item(String name, ArrayList<String> labels, String base64) {
        this.name = name;
        this.labels = labels;
        this.classified = false;
        this.base64 = base64;
    }

    public Item(String name, Boolean classified, ArrayList<String> labels, String base64) {
        this.name = name;
        this.labels = labels;
        this.classified = classified;
        this.base64 = base64;
    }

    public Item(String name, boolean classified, ArrayList<String> labels) {
        this.name = name;
        this.labels = labels;
        this.classified = classified;
        this.base64 = null;
    }

    // Getters and Setters
}

项目控制器.java：

@CrossOrigin
@RestController
public class ItemController {

    private final ItemRepository itemRepository;

    ItemController(ItemRepository repository) {
        this.itemRepository = repository;
    }

    @GetMapping("/items")
    public Flux<Item> all() {
        System.out.print("ciao");

        return itemRepository.findAll();
    }

    @PostMapping("/save")
    public Mono<Item> newEmployee(@RequestBody Item item) {

        System.out.print("ciao");

        item.setClassified(false);
        item.setLabels(new ArrayList<String>());

        // ! Da togliere
        item.setBase64(null);

        return itemRepository.save(item);
    }
}

ItemRepository.java：

public interface ItemRepository extends FirestoreReactiveRepository<Item>{
}

SpringBackendApplication.java：

@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringBackendApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringBackendApplication.class, args);
    }

}

pom.xml ：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.2</version>
    </parent>

    <name>spring_backend</name>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring_backend</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <java.version>17</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.google.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-gcp-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>3.4.0</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.google.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-gcp-data-firestore</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
            <version>2.11.0</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

完整的堆栈跟踪：

2023-01-23T15:20:20.257+01:00  INFO 10996 --- [           main] c.e.s.SpringBackendApplication           : Starting SpringBackendApplication using Java 17.0.5 with PID 10996 (/home/beppetemp/Tirocinio_NTTData/components/backend/target/classes started by beppetemp in /home/beppetemp/Tirocinio_NTTData)
2023-01-23T15:20:20.263+01:00  INFO 10996 --- [           main] c.e.s.SpringBackendApplication           : No active profile set, falling back to 1 default profile: "default"
2023-01-23T15:20:21.510+01:00  INFO 10996 --- [           main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)
2023-01-23T15:20:21.522+01:00  INFO 10996 --- [           main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service [Tomcat]
2023-01-23T15:20:21.522+01:00  INFO 10996 --- [           main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine    : Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/10.1.5]
2023-01-23T15:20:21.699+01:00  INFO 10996 --- [           main] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2023-01-23T15:20:21.703+01:00  INFO 10996 --- [           main] w.s.c.ServletWebServerApplicationContext : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 1322 ms
2023-01-23T15:20:21.842+01:00  WARN 10996 --- [           main] ConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext : Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'itemController' defined in file [/home/beppetemp/Tirocinio_NTTData/components/backend/target/classes/com/example/spring_backend/ItemController.class]: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through constructor parameter 0: No qualifying bean of type 'com.example.spring_backend.ItemRepository' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {}
2023-01-23T15:20:21.848+01:00  INFO 10996 --- [           main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Stopping service [Tomcat]
2023-01-23T15:20:21.884+01:00  INFO 10996 --- [           main] .s.b.a.l.ConditionEvaluationReportLogger : 

Error starting ApplicationContext. To display the condition evaluation report re-run your application with 'debug' enabled.
2023-01-23T15:20:21.969+01:00 ERROR 10996 --- [           main] o.s.b.d.LoggingFailureAnalysisReporter   : 

***************************
APPLICATION FAILED TO START
***************************

Description:

Parameter 0 of constructor in com.example.spring_backend.ItemController required a bean of type 'com.example.spring_backend.ItemRepository' that could not be found.


Action:

Consider defining a bean of type 'com.example.spring_backend.ItemRepository' in your configuration.

有人可以帮助我吗？

Answer 1

您正在使用 Spring Boot，但您的spring-cloud-gcp-dependencies与 Spring Boot 2.6/2.7 兼容，而不是 Spring Boot 3。因此它不起作用。

您需要：

1. 降级到 Spring Boot 2.7.x
2. 使用与 Spring Boot 3.x 兼容的spring-cloud-gcp-dependencies依赖项的4.0.0-SNAPSHOT版本。

另请参阅版本兼容性矩阵。

对于选项 2，您需要将存储库添加到您的Maven文件中，如此处所述。

Answer 2

感谢M. Deinum 的回答，我明白这是一个依赖问题，所以我创建了一个新项目，其中包含Spring Initializer添加了Spring GCP依赖项。

生成的 pom.xml 是：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.7.8</version>
        <relativePath/>
        <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <name>spring_backend</name>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring_backend</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <java.version>17</java.version>
        <spring-cloud-gcp.version>3.4.2</spring-cloud-gcp.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>2021.0.5</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.google.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-gcp-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud-gcp.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.google.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-gcp-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.google.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-gcp-data-firestore</artifactId>
        </dependency>


        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
            <version>2.11.0</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>