将图像从一个文件夹复制到另一个文件夹时找不到文件错误

Question

我有一个文本文件，其中包含要从源文件夹复制到目标文件夹的图像名称。 源文件夹包含几个子文件夹，如下所示。 图像可能来自这些子文件夹中的任何一个。

animals (source folder)
|-cats_1 
|-cats_2 
|-tigers_1 
|-lions_1 
|-lions_2 

下面显示的是Python代码：

import os
import shutil
src = r'X:\animals' #source with multiple sub-folders
dest = r'X:\images\cat_family' #destination folder
with open('cat_fam.txt') as file: #text file containing the image names
for path, subdirs, files in os.walk(src):
    for name in file:
        file_name  = name.strip()
        filename = os.path.join(path, file_name)
        shutil.copy2(filename, dest)

我遇到一个文件未找到的错误，如下所示：

  File "C:\Users\AppData\Local\Temp\2/ipykernel_30556/2100413787.py", line 6, in <module>
    shutil.copy2(filename, dest)

  File "C:\Users\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\tf2.7\lib\shutil.py", line 266, in copy2
    copyfile(src, dst, follow_symlinks=follow_symlinks)

  File "C:\Users\AppData\Local\Continuum\anaconda3\envs\tf2.7\lib\shutil.py", line 120, in copyfile
    with open(src, 'rb') as fsrc:

FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'X:\\animals\\lion_2345.jpg'

Answer 1

一种方法是根据 os.walk() 返回的数据构建字典

字典将以文件名（而不是完整路径）为关键字，其值将是文件所在的目录。

然后你可以阅读 cat_fam.txt 文件并在字典中查找以查看它存在的位置（如果它存在！）

from os.path import join
from os import walk
from shutil import copy2

src = r'X:\animals'
dest = r'X:\animals\cat_family'
db = dict()
for root, _, files in walk(src):
    for file in files:
        db[file] = root
with open('cat_fam.txt') as fam:
    for cat in map(str.strip, fam):
        fp = db.get(cat)
        if fp is not None:
            copy2(join(fp, cat), join(dest, cat))