将文件写入结构

Question

我想从文件到结构写入和读取一些静态信息。 从结构写入文件是可行的，但从文件写入数据是不行的。 我将不胜感激帮助我解决问题。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

const char* MemberFormatIn="(%[^,], %[^,], %[^,], %d)";
const char* MemberFormatOut="(%s, %s, %s, %d)\n";

typedef struct member {
    char name[20],
        lastName[20],
        address[20];
    int age;
}p1,p2;

void inputMemberList(struct member p[],int count) {
    
    printf("name:");
    scanf("%s",p[count].name);

    printf("lastName:");
    scanf("%s",p[count].lastName);

    printf("address:");
    scanf("%s",p[count].address);

    printf("age:");
    scanf("%d",&p[count].age);
    
}

void printMemberList(struct member p[],int count) {
    system("cls");

    for(int i=0; i<count; i++) {
        printf("\aMember %d:\n", i+1);
        printf("Name is: %s", p[i].name);
        printf("\nLast name is: %s", p[i].lastName);
        printf("\nAddress is: %s", p[i].address);
        printf("\nAge is: %d", p[i].age);
        printf("\n\n");
    }
}
void saveMember(struct member p[],int count) {
    FILE* fp = fopen("member.txt","a+");

    if (fp == NULL) {
        printf("File can't open.");
        exit(1);
    }
    
    fprintf(fp, MemberFormatOut, p[count].name, p[count].lastName, p[count].address, p[count].age);

    fclose(fp);
}

void fileToStructure(struct member p[],int count) {
    FILE* fp = fopen("member.txt","a+");

    if (fp == NULL) {
        printf("File can't open.");
        exit(1);
    }

    fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_SET);
    for (int i=0; i<count+1; i++) {
        fscanf(fp, MemberFormatIn, p[i].name, p[i].lastName, p[i].address, &p[i].age);
    }
    
    

    fclose(fp);
}
int numberOfMember() {
    int count = 0;
    char c;
    FILE* fp = fopen("member.txt","r");
    if(fp == NULL) {
        printf("File can't open.");
        exit(1);
    }

    do {
        c = fgetc(fp);
        if(c == '\n')
            count++;
    }while(c != EOF);

    fclose(fp);

    return count;
}
int main() {
    int len = 100;
    p1 p[len];
    int count = numberOfMember();
    inputMemberList(p,count);
    saveMember(p,count);
    fileToStructure(p,count);
    printMemberList(p,count);
    return 0;
}

结果只是成员的统计数据为真，显示的显示为真，但其他成员不为真。

文件数据（示例）：

(ahmad, dad, tir, 12)
(hossein, dad, tiran, 12)
(ali, dad, tir, 15)
(mohammadi, mmad, tiron, 16)
(helma, dad, tiran, 5)
(mohammad, amin, dadkhah, 5)

输出（示例）：

Member 1:
Name is: ahmad
Last name is: dad
Address is: tir
Age is: 12

Member 2:
Name is: ├wöΩ\`
Last name is:
Address is: ↑
Age is: 0

Member 3:
Name is: Ä
Last name is: t
Address is: e
Age is: 7471221

Member 4:
Name is: r
Last name is: l
Address is: o
Age is: 6881396

Member 5:
Name is: n
Last name is: s
Address is:
Age is: 0

Member 6:
Name is:
Last name is:
Address is:
Age is: 0

Answer 1

在fileToStructure()中，循环的第一次迭代调用fscanf() ，如果一切正常，从文件中读取的下一个字符将是第一行末尾的换行符。 不幸的是，对于下一次迭代，对fscanf()的下一次调用期望读取(字符，但它读取的是换行符。这将导致对fscanf()的调用以及所有后续调用无法匹配任何内容并返回EOF 。

代码需要吃掉换行符。 一种方法是将MemberFormatIn格式字符串更改为以下之一：

• const char* MemberFormatIn=" (%[^,], %[^,], %[^,], %d)"; - 将丢弃(字符之前的任何空白字符；或
• const char* MemberFormatIn="(%[^,], %[^,], %[^,], %d) "; - 将丢弃)字符后的所有空白字符。

第一个（丢弃(字符之前的空格）对于交互式输入来说更可取，但在从文件中读取时它并不重要。