将多边形 class sf 转换为 class owin in r
[英]transform a polygon class sf to class owin in r
问题描述
我的多边形具有以下结构：
t1 = structure(list(WindfarmId = "NO39", Name = "Sørlige Nordsjø I",
Country = "NO", Status = 99L, WindfarmStatus = "Development Zone",
StatusComments = NA_character_, CapacityMWMin = 500, CapacityMWMax = 1500,
NoTurbinesMin = NA_integer_, NoTurbinesMax = NA_integer_,
Comments = "In 2013, NVE divided considered offshore wind zones into three categories. This area is considered Category A.\r\n\r\nCategory A: Wind power development within the zone \r\nis technically and economically feasible, and will have \r\nrelatively few negative impacts. Grid connection is possible \r\nbefore 2025. \r\n\r\nCategory B: Wind power development within the zone will \r\nhave challenges related to either technical aspects or conflict of interests/negative impacts. The challenges might \r\nbe resolved in the future through technology development, \r\ngrid measures and/or mitigation measures. NVE considers \r\nthat zones in this category can be opened when technology \r\nmatures, or when existing use of the areas changes. \r\n\r\nCategory C: Wind power development within the zone represents greater challenges than in the other two categories. \r\nConflicts of interest in the areas are not easily resolved. \r\nForeseen negative impacts are still considered acceptable. Zones in this category should not be opened at the \r\nexpense of zones in the two other categories.\r\n\r\nA 2018 review of the areas put Utsira Nord, and Sørlige Nordsjø I/II forward as recommended areas for opening up for offshore wind. The 2019 consultation hearing however did not include Sørlige Nordsjø I. Although Sørlige Nordsjø I has less conflict with shipping and lower environmental risk, Sørlige Nordsjø II is closer to the European power system, is a larger area and has fewer allocated petroleum production licences.",
TurbineMWMin = NA_real_, TurbineMWMax = NA_real_, OtherNames = "Offshore wind - study area; Category A",
CountryName = "Norway", Lat = 57.4203547589749, Lon = 3.5335822891109,
IsEstimatedLocation = 0L, IsOnHold = 0L, OffshoreConsStartDate = structure(NA_real_, class = c("POSIXct",
"POSIXt"), tzone = ""), ProjFullCommDate = structure(NA_real_, class = c("POSIXct",
"POSIXt"), tzone = ""), Georegion = "Europe", Developers = "Norges vassdrags- og energidirektorat",
Owners = NA_character_, Operators = NA_character_, WaterDepthMinM = 58,
WaterDepthMaxM = 72, GISFILE = "EU_SCRE_WindFarms_PN_4C_230110_4258",
Shape_Length = 2.25250768130164, Shape_Area = 0.203134377892303,
Shape = structure(list(structure(list(list(structure(c(4.02249908400006,
3.14500045800003, 3.04527854900005, 3.92694473300003, 4.02249908400006,
57.3724994670001, 57.250833512, 57.470277787, 57.5883331310001,
57.3724994670001), .Dim = c(5L, 2L)))), class = c("XY", "MULTIPOLYGON",
"sfg"))), class = c("sfc_MULTIPOLYGON", "sfc"), precision = 0, bbox = structure(c(xmin = 3.04527854900005,
ymin = 57.250833512, xmax = 4.02249908400006, ymax = 57.5883331310001
), class = "bbox"), crs = structure(list(input = "ETRS89",
wkt = "GEOGCRS[\"ETRS89\",\n DATUM[\"European Terrestrial Reference System 1989\",\n ELLIPSOID[\"GRS 1980\",6378137,298.257222101,\n LENGTHUNIT[\"metre\",1]]],\n PRIMEM[\"Greenwich\",0,\n ANGLEUNIT[\"degree\",0.0174532925199433]],\n CS[ellipsoidal,2],\n AXIS[\"geodetic latitude (Lat)\",north,\n ORDER[1],\n ANGLEUNIT[\"degree\",0.0174532925199433]],\n AXIS[\"geodetic longitude (Lon)\",east,\n ORDER[2],\n ANGLEUNIT[\"degree\",0.0174532925199433]],\n USAGE[\n SCOPE[\"unknown\"],\n AREA[\"Europe - ETRS89\"],\n BBOX[32.88,-16.1,84.17,40.18]],\n ID[\"EPSG\",4258]]"), class = "crs"), n_empty = 0L),
label = list(structure("Name: Sørlige Nordsjø I<br>Status: Development Zone<br>Capacity: 500[MW]<br>Owners: NA<br>", html = TRUE, class = c("html",
"character")))), sf_column = "Shape", agr = structure(c(WindfarmId = NA_integer_,
Name = NA_integer_, Country = NA_integer_, Status = NA_integer_,
WindfarmStatus = NA_integer_, StatusComments = NA_integer_, CapacityMWMin = NA_integer_,
CapacityMWMax = NA_integer_, NoTurbinesMin = NA_integer_, NoTurbinesMax = NA_integer_,
Comments = NA_integer_, TurbineMWMin = NA_integer_, TurbineMWMax = NA_integer_,
OtherNames = NA_integer_, CountryName = NA_integer_, Lat = NA_integer_,
Lon = NA_integer_, IsEstimatedLocation = NA_integer_, IsOnHold = NA_integer_,
OffshoreConsStartDate = NA_integer_, ProjFullCommDate = NA_integer_,
Georegion = NA_integer_, Developers = NA_integer_, Owners = NA_integer_,
Operators = NA_integer_, WaterDepthMinM = NA_integer_, WaterDepthMaxM = NA_integer_,
GISFILE = NA_integer_, Shape_Length = NA_integer_, Shape_Area = NA_integer_,
label = NA_integer_), .Label = c("constant", "aggregate", "identity"
), class = "factor"), row.names = 1287L, class = c("sf", "data.frame"
))
我正在尝试使用spatstat.geom package 将t1转换为 class owin object：
t1_owin = as.owin(t1)
Error in as.owin.sfc_MULTIPOLYGON(st_cast(W, "MULTIPOLYGON"), ...) :
Only projected coordinates may be converted to spatstat class objects
t1中的坐标是纬度/经度：
st_coordinates(t1)
X Y L1 L2 L3
[1,] 4.022499 57.37250 1 1 1
[2,] 3.145000 57.25083 1 1 1
[3,] 3.045279 57.47028 1 1 1
[4,] 3.926945 57.58833 1 1 1
[5,] 4.022499 57.37250 1 1 1
我如何将t1投影到 UTM 才能获得我的owin object？！
1 个解决方案
解决方案1
2 2023-02-02 14:56:08
您可以使用crsuggest获取正确的 CRS（如果需要，也可以使用相应的 UTC）并投影您的sf object，这样您就可以制作您的owin 。 完整的工作流程：
t1 = structure(list(WindfarmId = "NO39", Name = "Sørlige Nordsjø I",
Country = "NO", Status = 99L, WindfarmStatus = "Development Zone",
StatusComments = NA_character_, CapacityMWMin = 500, CapacityMWMax = 1500,
NoTurbinesMin = NA_integer_, NoTurbinesMax = NA_integer_,
Comments = "In 2013, NVE divided considered offshore wind zones into three categories. This area is considered Category A.\r\n\r\nCategory A: Wind power development within the zone \r\nis technically and economically feasible, and will have \r\nrelatively few negative impacts. Grid connection is possible \r\nbefore 2025. \r\n\r\nCategory B: Wind power development within the zone will \r\nhave challenges related to either technical aspects or conflict of interests/negative impacts. The challenges might \r\nbe resolved in the future through technology development, \r\ngrid measures and/or mitigation measures. NVE considers \r\nthat zones in this category can be opened when technology \r\nmatures, or when existing use of the areas changes. \r\n\r\nCategory C: Wind power development within the zone represents greater challenges than in the other two categories. \r\nConflicts of interest in the areas are not easily resolved. \r\nForeseen negative impacts are still considered acceptable. Zones in this category should not be opened at the \r\nexpense of zones in the two other categories.\r\n\r\nA 2018 review of the areas put Utsira Nord, and Sørlige Nordsjø I/II forward as recommended areas for opening up for offshore wind. The 2019 consultation hearing however did not include Sørlige Nordsjø I. Although Sørlige Nordsjø I has less conflict with shipping and lower environmental risk, Sørlige Nordsjø II is closer to the European power system, is a larger area and has fewer allocated petroleum production licences.",
TurbineMWMin = NA_real_, TurbineMWMax = NA_real_, OtherNames = "Offshore wind - study area; Category A",
CountryName = "Norway", Lat = 57.4203547589749, Lon = 3.5335822891109,
IsEstimatedLocation = 0L, IsOnHold = 0L, OffshoreConsStartDate = structure(NA_real_, class = c("POSIXct",
"POSIXt"), tzone = ""), ProjFullCommDate = structure(NA_real_, class = c("POSIXct",
"POSIXt"), tzone = ""), Georegion = "Europe", Developers = "Norges vassdrags- og energidirektorat",
Owners = NA_character_, Operators = NA_character_, WaterDepthMinM = 58,
WaterDepthMaxM = 72, GISFILE = "EU_SCRE_WindFarms_PN_4C_230110_4258",
Shape_Length = 2.25250768130164, Shape_Area = 0.203134377892303,
Shape = structure(list(structure(list(list(structure(c(4.02249908400006,
3.14500045800003, 3.04527854900005, 3.92694473300003, 4.02249908400006,
57.3724994670001, 57.250833512, 57.470277787, 57.5883331310001,
57.3724994670001), .Dim = c(5L, 2L)))), class = c("XY", "MULTIPOLYGON",
"sfg"))), class = c("sfc_MULTIPOLYGON", "sfc"), precision = 0, bbox = structure(c(xmin = 3.04527854900005,
ymin = 57.250833512, xmax = 4.02249908400006, ymax = 57.5883331310001
), class = "bbox"), crs = structure(list(input = "ETRS89",
wkt = "GEOGCRS[\"ETRS89\",\n DATUM[\"European Terrestrial Reference System 1989\",\n ELLIPSOID[\"GRS 1980\",6378137,298.257222101,\n LENGTHUNIT[\"metre\",1]]],\n PRIMEM[\"Greenwich\",0,\n ANGLEUNIT[\"degree\",0.0174532925199433]],\n CS[ellipsoidal,2],\n AXIS[\"geodetic latitude (Lat)\",north,\n ORDER[1],\n ANGLEUNIT[\"degree\",0.0174532925199433]],\n AXIS[\"geodetic longitude (Lon)\",east,\n ORDER[2],\n ANGLEUNIT[\"degree\",0.0174532925199433]],\n USAGE[\n SCOPE[\"unknown\"],\n AREA[\"Europe - ETRS89\"],\n BBOX[32.88,-16.1,84.17,40.18]],\n ID[\"EPSG\",4258]]"), class = "crs"), n_empty = 0L),
label = list(structure("Name: Sørlige Nordsjø I<br>Status: Development Zone<br>Capacity: 500[MW]<br>Owners: NA<br>", html = TRUE, class = c("html",
"character")))), sf_column = "Shape", agr = structure(c(WindfarmId = NA_integer_,
Name = NA_integer_, Country = NA_integer_, Status = NA_integer_,
WindfarmStatus = NA_integer_, StatusComments = NA_integer_, CapacityMWMin = NA_integer_,
CapacityMWMax = NA_integer_, NoTurbinesMin = NA_integer_, NoTurbinesMax = NA_integer_,
Comments = NA_integer_, TurbineMWMin = NA_integer_, TurbineMWMax = NA_integer_,
OtherNames = NA_integer_, CountryName = NA_integer_, Lat = NA_integer_,
Lon = NA_integer_, IsEstimatedLocation = NA_integer_, IsOnHold = NA_integer_,
OffshoreConsStartDate = NA_integer_, ProjFullCommDate = NA_integer_,
Georegion = NA_integer_, Developers = NA_integer_, Owners = NA_integer_,
Operators = NA_integer_, WaterDepthMinM = NA_integer_, WaterDepthMaxM = NA_integer_,
GISFILE = NA_integer_, Shape_Length = NA_integer_, Shape_Area = NA_integer_,
label = NA_integer_), .Label = c("constant", "aggregate", "identity"
), class = "factor"), row.names = 1287L, class = c("sf", "data.frame"
))
library(sf)
#> Warning: package 'sf' was built under R version 4.1.3
#> Linking to GEOS 3.10.2, GDAL 3.4.1, PROJ 7.2.1; sf_use_s2() is TRUE
library(spatstat.geom)
#> Warning: package 'spatstat.geom' was built under R version 4.1.3
#> Loading required package: spatstat.data
#> Warning: package 'spatstat.data' was built under R version 4.1.3
#> spatstat.geom 3.0-3
as.owin(t1)
#> Error in as.owin.sfc_MULTIPOLYGON(st_cast(W, "MULTIPOLYGON"), ...): Only projected coordinates may be converted to spatstat class objects
# This is because
st_is_longlat(t1)
#> [1] TRUE
# So use a projection
candidates <- crsuggest::suggest_crs(t1)
candidates
#> # A tibble: 10 x 6
#> crs_code crs_name crs_type crs_gcs crs_units crs_pr~1
#> <chr> <chr> <chr> <dbl> <chr> <chr>
#> 1 3043 ETRS89 / UTM zone 31N (N-E) projected 4258 m +proj=u~
#> 2 25831 ETRS89 / UTM zone 31N projected 4258 m +proj=u~
#> 3 23031 ED50 / UTM zone 31N projected 4230 m +proj=u~
#> 4 3035 ETRS89-extended / LAEA Europe projected 4258 m +proj=l~
#> 5 3034 ETRS89-extended / LCC Europe projected 4258 m +proj=l~
#> 6 32631 WGS 84 / UTM zone 31N projected 4326 m +proj=u~
#> 7 32431 WGS 72BE / UTM zone 31N projected 4324 m +proj=u~
#> 8 32231 WGS 72 / UTM zone 31N projected 4322 m +proj=u~
#> 9 3832 WGS 84 / PDC Mercator projected 4326 m +proj=m~
#> 10 3576 WGS 84 / North Pole LAEA Russia projected 4326 m +proj=l~
#> # ... with abbreviated variable name 1: crs_proj4
# For the sake of example, I just choose the top 1, but you may want another
t1_proj <- st_transform(t1, as.numeric(candidates$crs_code[1]))
t1_proj
#> Simple feature collection with 1 feature and 31 fields
#> Geometry type: MULTIPOLYGON
#> Dimension: XY
#> Bounding box: xmin: 502715.8 ymin: 6345317 xmax: 561491.4 ymax: 6383258
#> Projected CRS: ETRS89 / UTM zone 31N (N-E)
#> WindfarmId Name Country Status WindfarmStatus
#> 1287 NO39 Sørlige Nordsjø I NO 99 Development Zone
#> StatusComments CapacityMWMin CapacityMWMax NoTurbinesMin NoTurbinesMax
#> 1287 <NA> 500 1500 NA NA
#> Comments
#> 1287 In 2013, NVE divided considered offshore wind zones into three categories. This area is considered Category A.\r\n\r\nCategory A: Wind power development within the zone \r\nis technically and economically feasible, and will have \r\nrelatively few negative impacts. Grid connection is possible \r\nbefore 2025. \r\n\r\nCategory B: Wind power development within the zone will \r\nhave challenges related to either technical aspects or conflict of interests/negative impacts. The challenges might \r\nbe resolved in the future through technology development, \r\ngrid measures and/or mitigation measures. NVE considers \r\nthat zones in this category can be opened when technology \r\nmatures, or when existing use of the areas changes. \r\n\r\nCategory C: Wind power development within the zone represents greater challenges than in the other two categories. \r\nConflicts of interest in the areas are not easily resolved. \r\nForeseen negative impacts are still considered acceptable. Zones in this category should not be opened at the \r\nexpense of zones in the two other categories.\r\n\r\nA 2018 review of the areas put Utsira Nord, and Sørlige Nordsjø I/II forward as recommended areas for opening up for offshore wind. The 2019 consultation hearing however did not include Sørlige Nordsjø I. Although Sørlige Nordsjø I has less conflict with shipping and lower environmental risk, Sørlige Nordsjø II is closer to the European power system, is a larger area and has fewer allocated petroleum production licences.
#> TurbineMWMin TurbineMWMax OtherNames
#> 1287 NA NA Offshore wind - study area; Category A
#> CountryName Lat Lon IsEstimatedLocation IsOnHold
#> 1287 Norway 57.42035 3.533582 0 0
#> OffshoreConsStartDate ProjFullCommDate Georegion
#> 1287 <NA> <NA> Europe
#> Developers Owners Operators WaterDepthMinM
#> 1287 Norges vassdrags- og energidirektorat <NA> <NA> 58
#> WaterDepthMaxM GISFILE Shape_Length Shape_Area
#> 1287 72 EU_SCRE_WindFarms_PN_4C_230110_4258 2.252508 0.2031344
#> Shape
#> 1287 MULTIPOLYGON (((561491.4 63...
#> label
#> 1287 Name: Sørlige Nordsjø I<br>Status: Development Zone<br>Capacity: 500[MW]<br>Owners: NA<br>
# And now
as.owin(t1_proj)
#> window: polygonal boundary
#> enclosing rectangle: [502715.8, 561491.4] x [6345317, 6383258] units
创建于 2023-02-02，使用reprex v2.0.2
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