我应该如何处理Perl模块内部或外部的错误？

Question

我开始学习如何使用perltoot在perl中制作模块：

 package Person;
 use strict;

 my($NAME, $AGE, $PEERS) = ( 0 .. 2 );

 sub new {
    my $self = [];
    $self->[$NAME] = undef;
    $self->[$AGE] = undef;
    $self->[$PEERS] = [];
    bless($self);
    return $self;
 }

 sub name {
    my $self = shift;
    if (@_) { $self->[$NAME] = shift }
    return $self->[$NAME];
 }

 sub age {
    my $self = shift;
    if (@_) { $self->[$AGE] = shift }
    return $self->[$AGE];
 }

 sub peers {
    my $self = shift;
    if (@_) { @{ $self->[$PEERS] } = @_ }
    return @{ $self->[$PEERS] };
 }

 1;

• 我想知道如何在可能的情况下通过示例代码威胁模块内部及其外部的任何错误？

例如：

 use Person;
 $test= Person->new() or die Person->Error;

要么

sub new {
   my $self = [];
   $self->[$NAME] = undef;
   $self->[$AGE] = undef;
   $self->[$PEERS] = [];
   bless($self);
   #########
   # some error happened here and I need to say something
   #########
   return $self;
}

• 如果我在模块中调用了其他任何有错误，有问题，缺少参数的方法，那么如何正确地判断出有错误呢？

PS：希望我的问题不是太过分了，大家好：)

Answer 1

鲤鱼例程可用于报告错误。

use Carp qw{ croak };

sub new {
    my $self        = {};
    $self->{$NAME } = undef;
    $self->{$AGE  } = undef;
    $self->{$PEERS} = [];

    # replace the following with something appropriate
    if ($error_occurred) {
        croak 'Something did not work right';
    }

    return bless, $self;
}