SQL 定时作业查询，上次运行时长？

Question

以前使用过这个SQL Agent Jobs，如何文档获取所有 SQL Scheduled jobs 的信息。

如何找出每个作业的最后一次运行的持续时间？ 我需要秒、分钟和小时（希望不是，但我很害怕）。

任何人都可以深入了解我如何查询这个吗？

Answer 1

假设您不会有任何运行时间超过 999 小时的作业，这应该给您一个很好的起点：

SELECT
    j.name,
    h.run_status,
    durationHHMMSS = STUFF(STUFF(REPLACE(STR(h.run_duration,7,0),
        ' ','0'),4,0,':'),7,0,':'),
    [start_date] = CONVERT(DATETIME, RTRIM(run_date) + ' '
        + STUFF(STUFF(REPLACE(STR(RTRIM(h.run_time),6,0),
        ' ','0'),3,0,':'),6,0,':'))
FROM
    msdb.dbo.sysjobs AS j
INNER JOIN
    (
        SELECT job_id, instance_id = MAX(instance_id)
            FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobhistory
            GROUP BY job_id
    ) AS l
    ON j.job_id = l.job_id
INNER JOIN
    msdb.dbo.sysjobhistory AS h
    ON h.job_id = l.job_id
    AND h.instance_id = l.instance_id
ORDER BY
    CONVERT(INT, h.run_duration) DESC,
    [start_date] DESC;

Answer 2

Aaron，我对您的脚本做了一些调整，其中包括下一个计划运行时间（开始日期是计划的初始开始日期，不一定是作业的下一个开始日期），以及一些其他检查。 感谢您的框架； 确实非常有用的起点！

我还从老歌但好听的歌中吸取了一些逻辑（ 这里）。

USE msdb
Go


SELECT j.Name AS 'Job Name', 
    '"' + NULLIF(j.Description, 'No description available.') + '"' AS 'Description',
    SUSER_SNAME(j.owner_sid) AS 'Job Owner',
    (SELECT COUNT(step_id) FROM dbo.sysjobsteps WHERE job_id = j.job_id) AS 'Number of Steps',
    (SELECT COUNT(step_id) FROM dbo.sysjobsteps WHERE job_id = j.job_id AND command LIKE '%xp_cmdshell%') AS 'has_xpcmdshell',
    (SELECT COUNT(step_id) FROM dbo.sysjobsteps WHERE job_id = j.job_id AND command LIKE '%msdb%job%') AS 'has_jobstartstopupdate',
    (SELECT COUNT(step_id) FROM dbo.sysjobsteps WHERE job_id = j.job_id AND command LIKE '%ftp%') AS 'has_ftp',
    'Job Enabled' = CASE j.Enabled
        WHEN 1 THEN 'Yes'
        WHEN 0 THEN 'No'
    END,
    'Frequency' = CASE s.freq_type
        WHEN 1 THEN 'Once'
        WHEN 4 THEN 'Daily'
        WHEN 8 THEN 'Weekly'
        WHEN 16 THEN 'Monthly'
        WHEN 32 THEN 'Monthly relative'
        WHEN 64 THEN 'When SQLServer Agent starts'
    END, 
    CASE(s.freq_subday_interval)
        WHEN 0 THEN 'Once'
        ELSE cast('Every ' 
                + right(s.freq_subday_interval,2) 
                + ' '
                +     CASE(s.freq_subday_type)
                            WHEN 1 THEN 'Once'
                            WHEN 4 THEN 'Minutes'
                            WHEN 8 THEN 'Hours'
                        END as char(16))
    END as 'Subday Frequency',
    'Next Start Date'= CONVERT(DATETIME, RTRIM(NULLIF(js.next_run_date, 0)) + ' '
        + STUFF(STUFF(REPLACE(STR(RTRIM(js.next_run_time),6,0),
        ' ','0'),3,0,':'),6,0,':')),
    'Max Duration' = STUFF(STUFF(REPLACE(STR(maxdur.run_duration,7,0),
        ' ','0'),4,0,':'),7,0,':'),
    'Last Run Duration' = STUFF(STUFF(REPLACE(STR(lastrun.run_duration,7,0),
        ' ','0'),4,0,':'),7,0,':'),
    'Last Start Date' = CONVERT(DATETIME, RTRIM(lastrun.run_date) + ' '
        + STUFF(STUFF(REPLACE(STR(RTRIM(lastrun.run_time),6,0),
        ' ','0'),3,0,':'),6,0,':')),
    'Last Run Message' = lastrun.message
FROM dbo.sysjobs j
LEFT OUTER JOIN dbo.sysjobschedules js
    ON j.job_id = js.job_id
LEFT OUTER JOIN dbo.sysschedules s
    ON js.schedule_id = s.schedule_id 
LEFT OUTER JOIN (SELECT job_id, max(run_duration) AS run_duration
        FROM dbo.sysjobhistory
        GROUP BY job_id) maxdur
ON j.job_id = maxdur.job_id
-- INNER JOIN -- Swap Join Types if you don't want to include jobs that have never run
LEFT OUTER JOIN
    (SELECT j1.job_id, j1.run_duration, j1.run_date, j1.run_time, j1.message
    FROM dbo.sysjobhistory j1
    WHERE instance_id = (SELECT MAX(instance_id) 
                         FROM dbo.sysjobhistory j2 
                         WHERE j2.job_id = j1.job_id)) lastrun
    ON j.job_id = lastrun.job_id
ORDER BY [Job Name]

Answer 3

获取 SQL 服务器代理（作业相关）信息的脚本：

该脚本将为我们提供以下信息：

• 作业级别设置和配置信息也可以在 SSMS 中的 SQL 服务器代理作业属性 window 中找到。

• SQL 服务器代理作业的最后/最新执行的详细信息以及该作业的下一次运行时间（如果已安排）。 此信息也可以在 SSMS 中的作业历史记录/作业活动监视器 windows 中找到。

• 作业步骤级别设置和配置信息，也可以在 SSMS 的作业步骤属性 window 中找到。
• 作业步骤的最后/最新执行的详细信息。 此信息也可以在 SSMS 中的作业历史记录/日志文件查看器 windows 中找到。
• SQL 服务器中创建/可用的计划列表以及每个计划的详细信息（发生、重复、频率等）。

 use msdb go SELECT [sJOB].[name] AS [JobName], [sDBP].[name] AS [JobOwner], [sCAT].[name] AS [JobCategory], [sJOB].[description] AS [JobDescription], [sJSTP].[step_id] AS [JobStartStepNo], [sJSTP].[step_name] AS [JobStartStepName], [sJOB].[date_created] AS [JobCreatedOn], [sJOB].[date_modified] AS [JobLastModifiedOn], CASE [sJOB].[enabled] WHEN 1 THEN 'Yes' WHEN 0 THEN 'No' END AS [IsEnabled], CASE WHEN [sSCH].[schedule_uid] IS NULL THEN 'No' ELSE 'Yes' END AS [IsScheduled], CASE WHEN [freq_type] = 64 THEN 'Start automatically when SQL Server Agent starts' WHEN [freq_type] = 128 THEN 'Start whenever the CPUs become idle' WHEN [freq_type] IN (4,8,16,32) THEN 'Recurring' WHEN [freq_type] = 1 THEN 'One Time' END [ScheduleType], CASE [freq_type] WHEN 1 THEN 'One Time' WHEN 4 THEN 'Daily' WHEN 8 THEN 'Weekly' WHEN 16 THEN 'Monthly' WHEN 32 THEN 'Monthly - Relative to Frequency Interval' WHEN 64 THEN 'Start automatically when SQL Server Agent starts' WHEN 128 THEN 'Start whenever the CPUs become idle' END [Occurrence], CASE [freq_type] WHEN 4 THEN 'Occurs every ' + CAST([freq_interval] AS VARCHAR(3)) + ' day(s)' WHEN 8 THEN 'Occurs every ' + CAST([freq_recurrence_factor] AS VARCHAR(3)) + ' week(s) on ' + CASE WHEN [freq_interval] & 1 = 1 THEN 'Sunday' ELSE '' END + CASE WHEN [freq_interval] & 2 = 2 THEN ', Monday' ELSE '' END + CASE WHEN [freq_interval] & 4 = 4 THEN ', Tuesday' ELSE '' END + CASE WHEN [freq_interval] & 8 = 8 THEN ', Wednesday' ELSE '' END + CASE WHEN [freq_interval] & 16 = 16 THEN ', Thursday' ELSE '' END + CASE WHEN [freq_interval] & 32 = 32 THEN ', Friday' ELSE '' END + CASE WHEN [freq_interval] & 64 = 64 THEN ', Saturday' ELSE '' END WHEN 16 THEN 'Occurs on Day ' + CAST([freq_interval] AS VARCHAR(3)) + ' of every ' + CAST([freq_recurrence_factor] AS VARCHAR(3)) + ' month(s)' WHEN 32 THEN 'Occurs on ' + CASE [freq_relative_interval] WHEN 1 THEN 'First' WHEN 2 THEN 'Second' WHEN 4 THEN 'Third' WHEN 8 THEN 'Fourth' WHEN 16 THEN 'Last' END + ' ' + CASE [freq_interval] WHEN 1 THEN 'Sunday' WHEN 2 THEN 'Monday' WHEN 3 THEN 'Tuesday' WHEN 4 THEN 'Wednesday' WHEN 5 THEN 'Thursday' WHEN 6 THEN 'Friday' WHEN 7 THEN 'Saturday' WHEN 8 THEN 'Day' WHEN 9 THEN 'Weekday' WHEN 10 THEN 'Weekend day' END + ' of every ' + CAST([freq_recurrence_factor] AS VARCHAR(3)) + ' month(s)' END AS [Recurrence], CASE [freq_subday_type] WHEN 1 THEN 'Occurs once at ' + STUFF( STUFF(RIGHT('000000' + CAST([active_start_time] AS VARCHAR(6)), 6), 3, 0, ':'), 6, 0, ':') WHEN 2 THEN 'Occurs every ' + CAST([freq_subday_interval] AS VARCHAR(3)) + ' Second(s) between ' + STUFF( STUFF(RIGHT('000000' + CAST([active_start_time] AS VARCHAR(6)), 6), 3, 0, ':'), 6, 0, ':') + ' & ' + STUFF( STUFF(RIGHT('000000' + CAST([active_end_time] AS VARCHAR(6)), 6), 3, 0, ':'), 6, 0, ':') WHEN 4 THEN 'Occurs every ' + CAST([freq_subday_interval] AS VARCHAR(3)) + ' Minute(s) between ' + STUFF( STUFF(RIGHT('000000' + CAST([active_start_time] AS VARCHAR(6)), 6), 3, 0, ':'), 6, 0, ':') + ' & ' + STUFF( STUFF(RIGHT('000000' + CAST([active_end_time] AS VARCHAR(6)), 6), 3, 0, ':'), 6, 0, ':') WHEN 8 THEN 'Occurs every ' + CAST([freq_subday_interval] AS VARCHAR(3)) + ' Hour(s) between ' + STUFF( STUFF(RIGHT('000000' + CAST([active_start_time] AS VARCHAR(6)), 6), 3, 0, ':'), 6, 0, ':') + ' & ' + STUFF( STUFF(RIGHT('000000' + CAST([active_end_time] AS VARCHAR(6)), 6), 3, 0, ':'), 6, 0, ':') END [Frequency], [sSCH].[name] AS [JobScheduleName] --,[sJSTP].database_name, Last_Run = CONVERT(DATETIME, RTRIM(run_date) + ' ' + STUFF(STUFF(REPLACE(STR(RTRIM(h.run_time),6,0), ' ','0'),3,0,':'),6,0,':')), case [sJSTP].Last_run_outcome When 0 then 'Failed' when 1 then 'Succeeded' When 2 then 'Retry' When 3 then 'Canceled' When 5 then 'Unknown' End as Last_Run_Status,Last_Run_Duration_HHMMSS = STUFF(STUFF(REPLACE(STR([sJSTP].last_run_duration,7,0), ' ','0'),4,0,':'),7,0,':'), Max_Duration = STUFF(STUFF(REPLACE(STR(l.run_duration,7,0), ' ','0'),4,0,':'),7,0,':'), Next_Run= CONVERT(DATETIME, RTRIM(NULLIF([sJOBSCH].next_run_date, 0)) + ' ' + STUFF(STUFF(REPLACE(STR(RTRIM([sJOBSCH].next_run_time),6,0), ' ','0'),3,0,':'),6,0,':')), CASE [sJOB].[delete_level] WHEN 0 THEN 'Never' WHEN 1 THEN 'On Success' WHEN 2 THEN 'On Failure' WHEN 3 THEN 'On Completion' END AS [JobDeletionCriterion], [sSVR].[name] AS [OriginatingServerName],[sJSTP].subsystem,[sJSTP].command,h.message FROM [msdb].[dbo].[sysjobs] AS [sJOB] LEFT JOIN [msdb].[sys].[servers] AS [sSVR] ON [sJOB].[originating_server_id] = [sSVR].[server_id] LEFT JOIN [msdb].[dbo].[syscategories] AS [sCAT] ON [sJOB].[category_id] = [sCAT].[category_id] LEFT JOIN [msdb].[dbo].[sysjobsteps] AS [sJSTP] ON [sJOB].[job_id] = [sJSTP].[job_id] AND [sJOB].[start_step_id] = [sJSTP].[step_id] LEFT JOIN [msdb].[sys].[database_principals] AS [sDBP] ON [sJOB].[owner_sid] = [sDBP].[sid] LEFT JOIN [msdb].[dbo].[sysjobschedules] AS [sJOBSCH] ON [sJOB].[job_id] = [sJOBSCH].[job_id] LEFT JOIN [msdb].[dbo].[sysschedules] AS [sSCH] ON [sJOBSCH].[schedule_id] = [sSCH].[schedule_id] left JOIN ( SELECT job_id, instance_id = MAX(instance_id),max(run_duration) AS run_duration FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobhistory GROUP BY job_id ) AS l ON sJOB.job_id = l.job_id left JOIN msdb.dbo.sysjobhistory AS h ON h.job_id = l.job_id AND h.instance_id = l.instance_id ORDER BY [JobName]

以下是上述查询返回的每个字段的简要说明：

1. [JobName]：SQL 服务器代理作业的名称。
2. [JobOwner]：作业的所有者。
3. [JobCategory]：作业所属的类别，如复制快照、数据库维护、日志传送等。
4. [JobDescription]：工作描述。
5. [JobStartStepNo]：作业设置开始的步骤编号。 SQL 服务器允许我们在一个作业中有多个步骤，并且可以将作业设置为从用户希望它开始的任何步骤开始。
6. [JobStartStepName]：作业设置开始的步骤的名称。
7. [JobCreatedOn]：创建作业的日期和时间。
8. [JobLastModifiedOn]：上次修改作业的日期和时间。
9. [IsEnabled]：表示作业是启用还是禁用的指示符。
10. [IsScheduled]：表示作业是否被调度的指标。 这些作业既可以安排在指定日期的指定时间运行，也可以通过 T-SQL 等代码调用。
11. [ScheduleType]：日程的类型。
12. [发生次数]：日程安排的发生次数，如每日、每周、每月等。
13. [重复]：计划的重复，如特定日期、一周中的特定日期、周数等。
14. [频率]：作业应在计划运行的日期运行的频率，例如：在计划的日期仅发生一次，在计划的日期每 2 小时发生一次等。指定的开始和结束时间。
15. [JobScheduleName]：与作业关联的计划的名称。 SQL 服务器允许我们将多个计划与一个作业相关联，在这种情况下，上述查询将为与每个作业关联的每个计划返回一行。
16. [Last_Run]：上次运行作业的日期和时间（对应于最近一次运行）。
17. [Last_Run_Status]：上次作业运行的状态或结果。
18. [Last_Run_Duration_HHMMSS]：上次运行的持续时间，以 Hours:Minutes:Seconds 格式表示。
19. [Max_Duration]：以小时：分钟：秒格式执行的作业的最大持续时间。
20. [Next_Run]：作业下次运行的日期和时间。 此信息仅适用于计划的作业（计划与作业相关联）。
21. [JobDeletionCriterion]：删除作业的标准。 SQL 服务器代理有一个功能，它允许我们根据一定的标准删除/删除作业，因此无需手动删除/清理作业。
22. [OriginatingServerName]：执行作业的服务器。
23. [子系统]：作业步骤的类型，例如 SQL 服务器集成服务 Package、Transact-SQL 脚本 (T-SQL)、ActiveX 脚本等。
24. [Command]：子系统将要执行的实际命令。
25. [消息]：有关工作成功/失败等的信息。