[英]Best way to do a case insensitive replace but match the case of the word to be replaced?
到目前为止,我已经提出了下面的方法,但我的问题是有一个更短的方法,有相同的结果吗?
input_str = "myStrIngFullOfStUfFiWannAReplaCE_StUfFs"
replace_str = "stuff"
replacer_str = "banana"
print input_str
# prints: myStrIngFullOfStUfFiWannAReplaCE_StUfFs
if replace_str.lower() in input_str.lower(): # Check if even in the string
begin_index = input_str.lower().find( replace_str )
end_index = begin_index + len( replace_str )
replace_section = input_str[ begin_index : end_index ]
case_list = []
for char in replace_section: # Get cases of characters in the section to be replaced
case_list.append( char.istitle() )
while len( replacer_str ) > len(case_list):
case_list += case_list
sameCase_replacer_str = "" # Set match the replacer string's case to the replace
replacer_str = replacer_str.lower()
for index in range( len(replacer_str) ):
char = replacer_str[ index ]
case = case_list[ index ]
if case == True:
char = char.title()
sameCase_replacer_str += char
input_str = input_str.replace( replace_section , sameCase_replacer_str )
print input_str
# prints: myStrIngFullOfBaNaNAiWannAReplaCE_BaNaNAs
我会用这样的东西:
import re
def replacement_func(match, repl_pattern):
match_str = match.group(0)
repl = ''.join([r_char if m_char.islower() else r_char.upper()
for r_char, m_char in zip(repl_pattern, match_str)])
repl += repl_pattern[len(match_str):]
return repl
input_str = "myStrIngFullOfStUfFiWannAReplaCE_StUfFs"
print re.sub('stuff',
lambda m: replacement_func(m, 'banana'),
input_str, flags=re.I)
示例输出:
myStrIngFullOfBaNaNaiWannAReplaCE_BaNaNas
笔记:
您可以将flags=re.I
传递给re.sub()
以忽略大小写
>>> input_str = "myStrIngFullOfStUfFiWannAReplaCE_StUfFs"
>>> replace_str = "stuff"
>>> replacer_str = "banana"
>>>
>>> import re
>>> from itertools import zip_longest
>>> tr = lambda x, y: ''.join([i[0].upper() if i[1] else i[0].lower() for i in zip_longest(y, [c.isupper() for c in x], fillvalue=(lambda : '' if len(x)>len(y) else x[-1].isupper())())])
>>> re.sub(replace_str, lambda m: tr(m.group(0), replacer_str), input_str, flags=re.I)
'myStrIngFullOfBaNaNaiWannAReplaCE_BaNaNas'
从代码中可以看出,替换的案例模式是通过重复它来匹配案例模式(所以StufF -> BanaNA
)。 考虑到这一点,我首先会找到整个字符串的大小写模式,然后将字符串带到所需的大小写:
def to_case(s, cmap):
'returns string cased according to map'
return ''.join([c.upper() if m else c for (c,m) in zip(s,cmap)])
input_str = "myStrIngFullOfStUfFiWannAReplaCE_StUfFs"
replace_str = "stuff"
replacer_str = "banana"
case_map = [c.istitle() for c in input_str] # initial case map
input_str_lower = input_str.lower()
while replace_str.lower() in input_str_lower: # Check if even in the string
ind = input_str_lower.find(replace_str) # find index
cases = [case_map[(ind + i % len(replace_str))] for i in range(len(replacer_str))] # replacement case pattern
case_map = case_map[:ind] + cases + case_map[ind + len(replace_str):]
input_str_lower = input_str_lower.replace(replace_str, replacer_str, 1)
print to_case(input_str_lower, case_map)
# prints: myStrIngFullOfBaNaNAiWannAReplaCE_BaNaNAs
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