在javascript中输出JSON作为没有jquery的列表

Question

我有一个JSON对象：

var txt = '{"employees":[' +
'{"firstName":"John","lastName":"Doe","time":"9:15am","email":"john_doe@gmail.com" },' +
'{"firstName":"Anna","lastName":"Smith","time":"9:15am","email":"anna@gmail.com" },' +
'{"firstName":"Peter","lastName":"Jones" ,"time":"9:15am","email":"peter@gmail.com"}]}';

我想打印在div语句之间的列表：

• 约翰·多伊
• 上午9:15

• john_doe@gmail.com

• 安娜史密斯

• 上午9:15

• anna@gmail.com

• 彼得琼斯

• 上午9:15
• peter@gmail.com

我正在尝试填充的HTML看起来像这样：

    <div class="info">
        <ul>
            <li id="name"></li>
            <li id="time"></li>
            <li id="email"></li>
        </ul>
    </div>

我该如何做到这一点？

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h2>Create Object from JSON String</h2>
<div id="output">

</div> 
<script type="text/javascript">
var txt = '{"employees":[' +
'{"firstName":"John","lastName":"Doe","time":"9:15am","email":"john_doe@gmail.com" },' +
'{"firstName":"Anna","lastName":"Smith","time":"9:15am","email":"anna@gmail.com" },' +
'{"firstName":"Peter","lastName":"Jones" ,"time":"9:15am","email":"peter@gmail.com"}]}';

var employees=JSON.parse(txt).employees;
var container=document.getElementById("output");

for (i=0;i<employees.length;i++) { //Loops for the length of the list
    var info=document.createElement('div');
    info.className='info'; //Creates a new <div> element and adds the class info to it

    var ul=document.createElement('div'); //Creates <ul> element
    info.appendChild(ul); //Adds the <ul> to the newly created <div>

    var name=document.createElement('li');
    name.className='name'; //Should use class, not id, as ID must be unique
    name.innerHTML=employees[i].firstName+' '+employees[i].lastName; //Adds name
    ul.appendChild(name);

    var time=document.createElement('li');
    time.className='time';
    time.innerHTML=employees[i].time;
    ul.appendChild(time);

    var email=document.createElement('li');
    email.className='email';
    email.innerHTML=employees[i].email;
    ul.appendChild(email);

    container.appendChild(info); //Adds the final generated HTML to the page

} //Will repeat for each item in list.

</script>
</body>
</html>

Answer 1

首先，将您的字符串转换为对象：

var employees=JSON.parse(txt).employees;

然后，设置一个循环来构造HTML

var container=//Link to the containing element using getElementById or similar

for (i=0;i<employees.length;i++) { //Loops for the length of the list
    var info=document.createElement('div');
    info.className='info'; //Creates a new <div> element and adds the class info to it

    var ul=document.createElement('div'); //Creates <ul> element
    info.appendChild(ul); //Adds the <ul> to the newly created <div>

    var name1=document.createElement('li'); //Chrome seems not to like the variable "name" in this instance
    name1.className='name'; //Should use class, not id, as ID must be unique
    name1.innerHTML=employees[i].firstName+' '+employees[i].lastName; //Adds name
    ul.appendChild(name1);

    var time=document.createElement('li');
    time.className='time';
    time.innerHTML=employees[i].time;
    ul.appendChild(time);

    var email=document.createElement('li');
    email.className='email';
    email.innerHTML=employees[i].email;
    ul.appendChild(email);

    container.appendChild(info); //Displays the elements on the page

} //Will repeat for each item in list.

这也可以使用container.innerHTML来实现，但是构造这样的元素会使DOM混淆，因此通常只推荐用于文本节点，尽管理想情况下你也可以使用document.createTextNode() 。

Answer 2

首先，通过解析它来获取JSON字符串中的数组：

var employees = JSON.parse(txt).employees

然后你就像这样创建HTML元素

var element = document.createElement('div'); // creates an empty div

然后你把HTML树放在一起

someElement.append(otherElement); // makes otherElement a child of someElement