AWS VPN：如何使用 Powershell 創建和導入自簽名證書

Question

我正在嘗試使用 Powershell 創建用於 AWS VPN 和 OpenVPN 的證書。 我發現文檔幫助不大。 有好的網站嗎？

Answer 1

使用 CreateCertificate.ps1 腳本，然后按照以下說明進行操作：

創建證書.ps1

#Run as Administrator
function PSScriptRoot()
{
    $ScriptRoot = ""

    Try
    {
        $ScriptRoot = Get-Variable -Name PSScriptRoot -ValueOnly -ErrorAction Stop
    }
    Catch
    {
        $ScriptRoot = Split-Path $script:MyInvocation.MyCommand.Path
    }

    return $ScriptRoot
}

Install-Module -Name PSPKI -Scope AllUsers 
Import-Module PSPKI


$PSScriptPath = PSScriptRoot
$certPassword = ConvertTo-SecureString -String "touchworks.VPN" -Force -AsPlainText

# Create a self-signed root certificate
$exp  = (Get-Date).AddYears(5)
$rootCert = New-SelfSignedCertificate `
            -DnsName self-service.root.clientvpn.amazonaws.com `
            -Subject "CN=AWS.VPN.Root" `
            -CertStoreLocation "cert:\LocalMachine\My" `
            -HashAlgorithm sha256 -KeyLength 2048 `
            -NotAfter $exp `
            -KeyExportPolicy Exportable -KeySpec Signature -KeyProtection None  -KeyUsageProperty All


# Create a client certificate based on the Root
$clientCert = New-SelfSignedCertificate -Type Custom -DnsName P2SChildCert `
            -Subject "CN=AWS.VPN.Client" `
            -HashAlgorithm sha256 -KeyLength 2048 `
            -CertStoreLocation "Cert:\CurrentUser\My" `
            -Signer $rootCert -TextExtension @("2.5.29.37={text}1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.2") `
            -KeyExportPolicy Exportable -KeySpec Signature -KeyProtection None -KeyUsageProperty All

#Export the Root certificate with Private Key
$rootCert.PSPath
$pfxFilePath = "$PSScriptPath\" + $rootCert.Subject + ".pfx"
$pemFilePath = "$PSScriptPath\" + $rootCert.Subject + ".pem"

Export-PfxCertificate -Cert $rootCert.PSPath -FilePath $pfxFilePath -Password  $certPassword 

Convert-PfxToPem -InputFile $pfxFilePath -Outputfile $pemFilePath -Password $certPassword -OutputType Pkcs1


# Export the client certificate
$rootCert.PSPath
$pfxFilePath = "$PSScriptPath\" + $clientCert.Subject + ".pfx"
$pemFilePath = "$PSScriptPath\" + $clientCert.Subject + ".pem"

Export-PfxCertificate -Cert $clientCert.PSPath -FilePath $pfxFilePath -Password  $certPassword -ChainOption BuildChain -CryptoAlgorithmOption AES256_SHA256

Convert-PfxToPem -InputFile $pfxFilePath -Outputfile $pemFilePath -Password $certPassword -OutputType Pkcs1

1. 創建證書

Run CreateCertificate.ps1

生成以下文件：根目錄：CN=AWS.VPN.Root.pem

-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
MIIEowIBAAKCAQEAscrFXB0k4vVt2+4WX2f67ceWW8bL/Zxwj8VboOucAiy2RtUV
...
Pdo5MeLbJCYjZwMxZ0KuLybyl0OxkYnhYT7UNExJYgz0E87fJIFN
-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIDQDCCAiigAwIBAgIQaBfHrrrdALtOxYJsf+N4UzANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFADAX
...
HmuJiV7KTDWGkmTVfgxP1coMr7M=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

客戶端：CN=AWS.VPN.Client.pem

-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
MIIEpAIBAAKCAQEAq6MdA2PWfsR6k2r1rT7EFgN4fGgKvRIFpTE5K7WmUDBxqSL/
...
eEM5vupZfK5F2LW4cqkFFamv93+gcgWqVo/7U9rxwQbMdBj9v2bMWQ==
-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIDOzCCAiOgAwIBAgIQWzHJgWjQhoJKcnXOLno1fTANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFADAX
...
ORyAIYAJd3P2MIecP+NR
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

2. 使用以下命令將根證書導入AWS Certificate Manager ：

使用CertificateManager|導入證書

證書正文 ==> 使用根證書
證書私鑰 ==> 使用 Root RS 私鑰
證書鏈 ==> 留空

3. 使用AWS Client VPN Endpoints將AWS Certificate Manager證書應用於 VPN

使用按鈕客戶端 VPN 端點|操作|修改客戶端 VPN 端點

4. 使用AWS Client VPN Endpoints下載客戶端配置 (ovpn) 文件

使用 Button客戶端 VPN 端點|下載客戶端配置

5.修改客戶端配置（ovpn）文件

1. Open VPN客戶端中存在一個錯誤，它忽略了 ovpn 文件中的遠程隨機主機名設置。
2. VPN 的自助服務門戶不會生成可用的 ovpn 文件。

修改ovpn文件如下：

• 將隨機字符串添加到 url
• 添加客戶端證書和密鑰

示例 OVPN 文件

client
dev tun
proto udp
>>> remote qwerty.cvpn-endpoint-0aae...680bf.prod.clientvpn.us-east-1.amazonaws.com 443
remote-random-hostname
resolv-retry infinite
nobind
remote-cert-tls server
cipher AES-256-GCM
verb 3
<ca>
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIDQDCCAiigAwIBAgIQdn3tb5/zQJJCitV4XSxmmTANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFADAX
...
tx2txb5TvvJnEoRkEFlnpxmXd5U=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

</ca>

>>> <cert>
>>> -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
>>> 
>>> ***CLIENT CERTIFICATE***
>>> 
>>> -----END CERTIFICATE-----
>>> 
>>> 
>>> </cert>
>>> <key>
>>> -----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
>>> 
>>> ***CLIENT RSA PRIVATE KEY***
>>> 
>>> -----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
>>> 
>>> </key>

auth-user-pass

reneg-sec 0

6、將修改后的ovpn文件和Client分發給用戶。

• AWS VPN 客戶端在此配置中不可用。
• 用戶將需要Open VPN 客戶端： https://openvpn.net/download-open-vpn/

7. 參考文獻

如何配置 Windows VPN 服務器

https://www.wintips.org/how-to-setup-vpn-server-on-windows-server-2016-pptp/

https://acloudxpert.com/generate-and-export-certificates-for-point-to-site-using-powershell/

如何使用 AWS VPN 鎖定對您的服務器的訪問

https://www.cloudsavvyit.com/3270/how-to-use-aws-vpn-to-lock-down-access-to-your-servers/

使用 PowerShell 創建自簽名證書

https://4sysops.com/archives/create-a-self-signed-certificate-with-powershell/