[英]R how can I get only ways from Overpass API and reduce the amount of data
我試圖減少查詢跨越服務器所需的數據量和時間。 我只對方法和使用 osmdata Package 感興趣,這是我目前的方法:
library(osmdata)
bbox_dimensions <-c(xmin=11.2360151977671, ymin= 47.8047832575026, xmax= 11.8886729361838, ymax=48.2426118570748)
my_osm_data <- opq(bbox = bbox_dimensions,timeout = 180,memsize = 104857600) %>%
add_osm_feature(
key = 'highway',
value = c("primary","secondary", "tertiary")
) %>%
osmdata_sf(quiet = FALSE)
是否可以減少此查詢的數據量? 我只對沿途的節點不感興趣。
正如我在評論中所寫,如果您需要對屬於同一地理區域的 OSM 數據運行多個查詢,我建議您采用以下方法。
首先,加載包
library(sf)
#> Linking to GEOS 3.9.0, GDAL 3.2.1, PROJ 7.2.1
library(osmextract)
#> Data (c) OpenStreetMap contributors, ODbL 1.0. https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright.
#> Check the package website, https://docs.ropensci.org/osmextract/, for more details.
library(tmap)
tmap_mode("view")
#> tmap mode set to interactive viewing
定義bbox
並轉換為sfc
object(參見github的討論):
my_bbox <- st_bbox(
c(xmin = 11.2360151977671, ymin = 47.8047832575026, xmax = 11.8886729361838, ymax = 48.2426118570748),
crs = 4326
)
my_bbox_poly <- st_as_sfc(my_bbox)
然后,我們需要為應該涵蓋所有查詢的特定地理區域下載 OSM 提取。 如果您在德國使用數據,那么我建議您檢查geofabrik
和bbbike
提供商:
oe_match(my_bbox_poly, provider = "geofabrik")
#> The input place was matched with multiple geographical areas.
#> Selecting the smallest administrative unit. Check ?oe_match for more details.
#> $url
#> [1] "https://download.geofabrik.de/europe/germany/bayern/oberbayern-latest.osm.pbf"
#>
#> $file_size
#> [1] 185338670
oe_match(my_bbox_poly, provider = "bbbike")
#> $url
#> [1] "https://download.bbbike.org/osm/bbbike/Muenchen/Muenchen.osm.pbf"
#>
#> $file_size
#> [1] 58400897
bbbike
提供程序返回的提取比geofabrik
返回的提取小得多; 因此,我將使用bbbike
返回的 OSM 數據運行以下步驟。
oe_get("Muenchen", provider = "bbbike", download_only = TRUE, skip_vectortranslate = TRUE)
#> The input place was matched with: Muenchen
#> File downloaded!
#> [1] "C:\\Users\\Utente\\Documents\\osm-data\\bbbike_Muenchen.osm.pbf"
然后,如果您想讀入屬於特定 bbox 並具有某些特征的行數據,那么我建議采用以下方法:
lines_v1 <- oe_get(
place = "Muenchen", # or place = my_bbox_poly
layer = "lines",
provider = "bbbike",
query = "SELECT * FROM lines WHERE highway IN ('primary', 'secondary', 'tertiary')",
wkt_filter = st_as_text(my_bbox_poly)
)
#> The input place was matched with: Muenchen
#> The chosen file was already detected in the download directory. Skip downloading.
#> Start with the vectortranslate operations on the input file!
#> 0...10...20...30...40...50...60...70...80...90...100 - done.
#> Finished the vectortranslate operations on the input file!
#> Reading layer `lines' from data source `C:\Users\Utente\Documents\osm-data\bbbike_Muenchen.gpkg' using driver `GPKG'
#> Simple feature collection with 13032 features and 9 fields
#> Geometry type: LINESTRING
#> Dimension: XY
#> Bounding box: xmin: 11.19608 ymin: 47.80002 xmax: 11.89542 ymax: 48.25359
#> Geodetic CRS: WGS 84
請注意,function 識別出您已經下載了 OSM 提取並跳過再次下載相同的文件。 如果您設置永久下載目錄,則可以優化此過程。 有關更多詳細信息,請參見此處。
# Check result
tm_shape(my_bbox_poly) +
tm_borders(col = "darkred") +
tm_shape(lines_v1) +
tm_lines(lwd = 2)
一種更有效(但更棘手)的方法如下:
lines_v2 <- oe_get(
place = "Muenches",
layer = "lines",
provider = "bbbike",
vectortranslate_options = c(
"-f", "GPKG",
"-overwrite",
"-where", "highway IN ('primary', 'secondary', 'tertiary')",
"-clipsrc", st_as_text(my_bbox_poly),
"-nlt", "PROMOTE_TO_MULTI",
"lines"
)
)
#> The input place was matched with: Muenchen
#> The chosen file was already detected in the download directory. Skip downloading.
#> Start with the vectortranslate operations on the input file!
#> 0...10...20...30...40...50...60...70...80...90...100 - done.
#> Finished the vectortranslate operations on the input file!
#> Reading layer `lines' from data source `C:\Users\Utente\Documents\osm-data\bbbike_Muenchen.gpkg' using driver `GPKG'
#> Simple feature collection with 13027 features and 9 fields
#> Geometry type: MULTILINESTRING
#> Dimension: XY
#> Bounding box: xmin: 11.23602 ymin: 47.80478 xmax: 11.88867 ymax: 48.24261
#> Geodetic CRS: WGS 84
圖形檢查
# Check result
tm_shape(my_bbox_poly) +
tm_borders(col = "darkred") +
tm_shape(lines_v2) +
tm_lines(lwd = 2)
由代表 package (v1.0.0) 於 2021 年 3 月 31 日創建
概括:
.gpkg
文件的底層結構(可能會產生相關后果)。 我們正在努力解決這兩個問題,但您需要等到版本 0.3 或 0.4。查看此處、 此處和 此處了解 osmextract 背后的更多詳細信息。
隨時在此處添加任何問題或評論。
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