[英]Spring 3 @Autowired Annotation Issues
I've been taking a look at some tutorials for getting started with the Spring Framework and came across this one . 我一直在看一些关于Spring Framework入门的教程并遇到过这个 。 After following it through, I ran into the errors below. 完成后,我遇到了以下错误。 (I have since updated to use version 3 of the spring framework and I am still getting the same errors. (我已经更新为使用spring框架的第3版,我仍然遇到同样的错误。
In short, I am getting a NullPointerException where I call a method on an AutoWired class. 简而言之,我得到一个NullPointerException,我在AutoWired类上调用一个方法。
My Class is SayHello: 我的班级是SayHello:
public class SayHello {
private String name;
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void greet() {
System.out.println("Hello " + getName());
}
}
I then set the following in /src/test/resources/applicationContext.xml. 然后,我在/src/test/resources/applicationContext.xml中设置以下内容。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<context:annotation-config/>
<bean id="hello" class="package.SayHello">
<property name="name" value="John Smith" />
</bean
And finally I have the AppTest class where I try to AutoWire a SayHello object to test. 最后我有AppTest类,我尝试自动测试SayHello对象进行测试。
public class AppTest {
@Autowired
private SayHello hello;
@Test
public void testApp()
{
hello.greet();
Assert.assertTrue( true );
}
}
When I try to run AppTest I get the following error: 当我尝试运行AppTest时,我收到以下错误:
java.lang.NullPointerException
at package.AppTest.testApp(AppTest.java:19)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:271)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:70)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)
I've had a look at various articles and questions on stackoverflow but after trying a few and not getting anywhere, thought I'd create a new post. 我已经看过有关stackoverflow的各种文章和问题但是在尝试了几个并没有到达任何地方后,我想我会创建一个新帖子。
Cheers. 干杯。
If it helps, heres the dependencies that I'm using (Spring v3.2.1) : 如果它有帮助,那就是我正在使用的依赖项(Spring v3.2.1):
<dependencies>
<!-- JUnit -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
Update 更新
I've also tried using the @Autowired annotation in the main application as follows. 我也尝试在主应用程序中使用@Autowired注释,如下所示。 And still get a NullPointerException error. 并且仍然会收到NullPointerException错误。
public class App
{
@Autowired
private static SayHello hello;
public static void main( String[] args )
{
hello.greet();
}
}
You will need some annotations on AppTest
: 您需要在AppTest
上添加一些注释:
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:/applicationContext.xml")
These annotations are defined in spring-test, so add this dependency as well: 这些注释在spring-test中定义,因此也要添加此依赖项:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
The @Autowired
annotation will only work, if AppTest
itself is managed by Spring. @Autowired
注释仅在AppTest
本身由Spring管理时才有效。 It looks like you are testing your setup in a simple unit test. 看起来您正在通过简单的单元测试来测试您的设置。 This won't work. 这不行。 If you want autowiring in JUnit tests, you will have to look at the Testing support of Spring. 如果要在JUnit测试中进行自动装配,则必须查看Spring的测试支持。 But that's a completely different topic. 但那是一个完全不同的话题。
In the tutorial you have linked this code instantiates the bean: 在本教程中,您已链接此代码实例化bean:
BeanFactory factory = new XmlBeanFactory(
new ClassPathResource("application-context.xml"));
SayHello hello = (SayHello) factory.getBean("hello");
Your SayHello
bean is null. 你的SayHello
bean是null。
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