正则表达式-查找不匹配的文件

Question

I have a list of directories where most are in a format like ./[foobar]/ . However, some are formatted like ./[foo] bar/ .

I would like to use find (or some other utility my shell offers) to find those directories not matching the first pattern (ie having text outside the square braces). Until now, I was unable to find a way to "inverse" my pattern.

Any ways to do this?

Answer 1

You could combine find with grep and it's -v option. find . -type d | grep -v "[foobar]"

Answer 2

find supports negation by means of ! and -not . The latter is not POSIX-compliant. In order to use ! you have to precede it with backslash or put it inside single quotes.

Answer 3

A simple regular glob will work in this particular example:

$ ls
[a]b [ab]
$ echo \[*\]
[ab]

For more complex patterns you can enable extglob :

!(pattern-list)
     Matches anything except one of the given patterns

( and similar globs )

Or using find:

find dir ! -name ...

Answer 4

find -type d -name '*\]?*'

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