从wsgi导入python失败

Question

I've got a folder structure on an apache2/flask server that is this:

/var/www/myapp
/var/www/myapp/routing.py
/var/www/myapp/__init__.py
/var/www/wsgi-scripts/myapp.wsgi

My application file (routing.py) in in myapp and is as follows:

from flask import Flask, render_template
app = Flask(__name__)


@app.route('/')
def welkom():
    return render_template('welkom.html')


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.debug = 'True'
    app.run()

My myapp.wsgi that is in wsgi-scripts is this:

import sys
sys.path.insert(0, '/var/www/myapp')
from myapp import routing as application

However when I load the page this is in my logs:

[Fri Mar 15 08:06:32 2013] [error] [client 192.168.1.11] mod_wsgi (pid=23574): Target WSGI script '/var/www/wsgi-scripts/myapp.wsgi' cannot be loaded as Python module.
[Fri Mar 15 08:06:32 2013] [error] [client 192.168.1.11] mod_wsgi (pid=23574): Exception occurred processing WSGI script '/var/www/wsgi-scripts/myapp.wsgi'.
[Fri Mar 15 08:06:32 2013] [error] [client 192.168.1.11] Traceback (most recent call last):
[Fri Mar 15 08:06:32 2013] [error] [client 192.168.1.11]   File "/var/www/wsgi-scripts/myapp.wsgi", line 3, in <module>
[Fri Mar 15 08:06:32 2013] [error] [client 192.168.1.11]     import myapp.routing as application
[Fri Mar 15 08:06:32 2013] [error] [client 192.168.1.11] ImportError: No module named myapp.routing
[Fri Mar 15 08:06:32 2013] [error] [client 192.168.1.11] mod_wsgi (pid=23575): Target WSGI script '/var/www/wsgi-scripts/myapp.wsgi' cannot be loaded as Python module.
[Fri Mar 15 08:06:32 2013] [error] [client 192.168.1.11] mod_wsgi (pid=23575): Exception occurred processing WSGI script '/var/www/wsgi-scripts/myapp.wsgi'.
[Fri Mar 15 08:06:32 2013] [error] [client 192.168.1.11] Traceback (most recent call last):
[Fri Mar 15 08:06:32 2013] [error] [client 192.168.1.11]   File "/var/www/wsgi-scripts/myapp.wsgi", line 3, in <module>
[Fri Mar 15 08:06:32 2013] [error] [client 192.168.1.11]     import myapp.routing as application
[Fri Mar 15 08:06:32 2013] [error] [client 192.168.1.11] ImportError: No module named myapp.routing
[Fri Mar 15 08:06:33 2013] [error] [client 192.168.1.11] mod_wsgi (pid=23577): Target WSGI script '/var/www/wsgi-scripts/myapp.wsgi' cannot be loaded as Python module.
[Fri Mar 15 08:06:33 2013] [error] [client 192.168.1.11] mod_wsgi (pid=23577): Exception occurred processing WSGI script '/var/www/wsgi-scripts/myapp.wsgi'.
[Fri Mar 15 08:06:33 2013] [error] [client 192.168.1.11] Traceback (most recent call last):
[Fri Mar 15 08:06:33 2013] [error] [client 192.168.1.11]   File "/var/www/wsgi-scripts/myapp.wsgi", line 3, in <module>
[Fri Mar 15 08:06:33 2013] [error] [client 192.168.1.11]     import myapp.routing as application
[Fri Mar 15 08:06:33 2013] [error] [client 192.168.1.11] ImportError: No module named myapp.routing
[Fri Mar 15 08:06:33 2013] [error] [client 192.168.1.11] mod_wsgi (pid=23573): Target WSGI script '/var/www/wsgi-scripts/myapp.wsgi' cannot be loaded as Python module.
[Fri Mar 15 08:06:33 2013] [error] [client 192.168.1.11] mod_wsgi (pid=23573): Exception occurred processing WSGI script '/var/www/wsgi-scripts/myapp.wsgi'.
[Fri Mar 15 08:06:33 2013] [error] [client 192.168.1.11] Traceback (most recent call last):
[Fri Mar 15 08:06:33 2013] [error] [client 192.168.1.11]   File "/var/www/wsgi-scripts/myapp.wsgi", line 3, in <module>
[Fri Mar 15 08:06:33 2013] [error] [client 192.168.1.11]     import myapp.routing as application
[Fri Mar 15 08:06:33 2013] [error] [client 192.168.1.11] ImportError: No module named myapp.routing

WSGI is working correctly, I verified that with a testapp. What is going wrong?

Answer 1

So you intend to import a module routing from package myapp and call it as application .

1. That is not matching your structure. If you have /var/www/myapp in your path, you have to directly import the module routing .

2. An application is not a module, it is a callable defined in the module. It seems you'll have to do something like

    def theapp(<don't remember the argumets by heart>): app.debug = 'True' app.run() 

   and then the wsgi script can do

    from routing import theapp as application 

   But maybe I'm wrong here and you just have to do

    from routing import app as application 

   as I have no experience with Flask.

Answer 2

I was getting the same problem, solved it with the following snippet:

ALLDIRS = ['/var/www/MarkerDB/']

import sys 
import site 

# Remember original sys.path.
prev_sys_path = list(sys.path) 

# Add each new site-packages directory.
for directory in ALLDIRS:
  site.addsitedir(directory)

# Reorder sys.path so new directories at the front.
new_sys_path = [] 
for item in list(sys.path): 
    if item not in prev_sys_path: 
        new_sys_path.append(item) 
        sys.path.remove(item) 
sys.path[:0] = new_sys_pat

Source: http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/VirtualEnvironments#Application_Environments