如何从python中的URL获取域名（名称+ TLD）

Question

I want to extract the domain name(name of the site+TLD) from a list of URLs which may vary in their format. for instance: Current state---->what I want

mail.yahoo.com------> yahoo.com
account.hotmail.co.uk---->hotmail.co.uk
x.it--->x.it
google.mail.com---> google.com

Is there any python code that can help me with extracting what I want from URL or should I do it manually?

Answer 1

This is somewhat non-trivial, as there is no simple rule to determine what makes a for a valid public suffix (site name + TLD). Instead, what makes a public suffix is maintained as a list at PublicSuffix.org .

A python package exists that queries that list (stored locally); it's called publicsuffix :

>>> from publicsuffix import PublicSuffixList
>>> psl = PublicSuffixList()
>>> print psl.get_public_suffix('mail.yahoo.com')
yahoo.com
>>> print psl.get_public_suffix('account.hotmail.co.uk')
hotmail.co.uk

Answer 2

There is a public list of TLD and CC TLD that is maintained.

This python project reads this list and compares your URL against this list.

https://github.com/john-kurkowski/tldextract

Answer 3

Using python tld

https://pypi.python.org/pypi/tld

$ pip install tld

from tld import get_tld
print get_tld("http://www.google.co.uk/some-page/some-sub-page/")
'google.co.uk'

Answer 4

At this time I see six packages doing domain name splitting:

• https://pypi.python.org/pypi/tldextract
• https://pypi.python.org/pypi/tld
• https://pypi.python.org/pypi/publicsuffixlist
• https://pypi.python.org/pypi/publicsuffix
• https://pypi.python.org/pypi/publicsuffix2
• https://pypi.python.org/pypi/dnspy

They differ in the way they cache Public Suffix List data (only tldextract uses a JSON file, thereby sparing to parse the list on loading), in the strategy used to download that data, and in the structure they keep in memory (respectively: frozenset, set, set, dictionaries of labels, ditto, dictionary of names) which determines the search algorithm.