用Java读取XML文件内容

Question

Can you tell me best way to read an XML file in Java with sample code? XML content be like below.

<table sourceName="person" targetName="person">
       <column sourceName="id" targetName="id"/>
       <column sourceName="name" targetName="name"/>``
</table>

Answer 1

I would use JAXB, try this, it works

public class Test1 {
    @XmlAttribute
    String sourceName;
    @XmlAttribute
    String targetName;
    @XmlElement(name = "column")
    List<Test1> columns;

    public static Test1 unmarshal(File file) {
        return JAXB.unmarshal(file, Test1.class);
    }
}

Answer 2

You could use Simple form simple XML serialization:

import org.simpleframework.xml.Serializer;
import org.simpleframework.xml.core.Persister;

public class App {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        String xml = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>\n"
                + "<table sourceName=\"person\" targetName=\"person\">\n"
                + "    <column sourceName=\"id\" targetName=\"id\"/>\n"
                + "    <column sourceName=\"name\" targetName=\"name\"/>``\n"
                + "</table>";
        Serializer serializer = new Persister();
        Table table = serializer.read(Table.class, xml);
        System.out.println(table.getSourceName());
        System.out.println(table.getTargetName());
        for (Column colunmn : table.getColumns()) {
            System.out.println(colunmn.getSourceName());
            System.out.println(colunmn.getTargetName());
        }
    }
}

Table :

import java.util.List;
import org.simpleframework.xml.Attribute;
import org.simpleframework.xml.ElementList;
import org.simpleframework.xml.Root;

@Root(name = "table")
public class Table {

    @Attribute
    private String sourceName;
    @Attribute
    private String targetName;
    @ElementList(name = "column", inline = true)
    private List<Column> columns;

    public Table() {
    }

    public String getSourceName() {
        return sourceName;
    }

    public void setSourceName(String sourceName) {
        this.sourceName = sourceName;
    }

    public String getTargetName() {
        return targetName;
    }

    public void setTargetName(String targetName) {
        this.targetName = targetName;
    }

    public List<Column> getColumns() {
        return columns;
    }

    public void setColumns(List<Column> columns) {
        this.columns = columns;
    }
}

Column :

import org.simpleframework.xml.Attribute;
import org.simpleframework.xml.Root;

@Root(name = "column")
public class Column {

    @Attribute
    private String sourceName;
    @Attribute
    private String targetName;

    public Column() {
    }

    public String getSourceName() {
        return sourceName;
    }

    public void setSourceName(String sourceName) {
        this.sourceName = sourceName;
    }

    public String getTargetName() {
        return targetName;
    }

    public void setTargetName(String targetName) {
        this.targetName = targetName;
    }
}

Answer 3

Since it's a very small XML file, I would use DOM parsing, you can find a full example here:

http://www.mkyong.com/java/how-to-read-xml-file-in-java-dom-parser/

But in essence:

File fXmlFile = new File("/Users/mkyong/staff.xml");
DocumentBuilderFactory dbFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder dBuilder = dbFactory.newDocumentBuilder();
Document doc = dBuilder.parse(fXmlFile);

NodeList nList = doc.getElementsByTagName("table");

for (int temp = 0; temp < nList.getLength(); temp++) {
    Node tableNode = nList.item(temp);
    Element tableElement = (Element) tableNode;

    System.out.println("Table source name: " + tableElement.getAttribute("sourceName"));
    System.out.println("Table target name: " + tableElement.getAttribute("targetName"));

    NodeList columnList = tableElement.getElementsByTagName("column");
    for (int j = 0; j < columnList.getLength(); j++) {
        Node columnNode = columnList.item(j);
        Element columnElement = (Element) columnNode;

        System.out.println("Column source name: " + columnElement.getAttribute("sourceName"));
        System.out.println("Column target name: " + columnElement.getAttribute("targetName"));


    }
}

Please see the relevant imports at the top of the example.

Hope it helps, A.

Answer 4

Books have been written on the subject, and it all depends. JAXB is a good choice if the structure of the file is simple and stable (it maps elements/attributes to Java classes, and you don't want to be changing and recompiling your Java classes three times a week).

Otherwise there's a range of generic tree models - DOM is the most widely used, oldest, and worst; I would recommend JDOM2 or XOM.

But the ideal is to avoid reading the data into Java at all; the "XRX" or "end-to-end XML" principle is to use XML-oriented languages such as XSLT and XQuery for the entire application, perhaps calling into Java support routines occasionally if you really need to.