在Lisp中传递函数列表作为参数

Question

Say there is a function F. I want to pass a list of functions as an argument into function F.

Function F would go through each function in the list one by one and apply each one to two integers: x and y respectively.

For example, if the list = (plus, minus, plus, divide, times, plus) and x = 6 and y = 2 , the output would look like this:

8 4 8 3 12 8

How do I implement this in common Lisp?

Answer 1

There are many possibilities.

CL-USER> (defun f (x y functions)
           (mapcar (lambda (function) (funcall function x y)) functions))
F
CL-USER> (f 6 2 (list #'+ #'- #'+ #'/ #'* #'+))
(8 4 8 3 12 8)
CL-USER> (defun f (x y functions)
           (loop for function in functions
                 collect (funcall function x y)))
F
CL-USER> (f 6 2 (list #'+ #'- #'+ #'/ #'* #'+))
(8 4 8 3 12 8)
CL-USER> (defun f (x y functions)
           (cond ((null functions) '())
                 (t (cons (funcall (car functions) x y)
                          (f x y (cdr functions))))))
F
CL-USER> (f 6 2 (list #'+ #'- #'+ #'/ #'* #'+))
(8 4 8 3 12 8)
CL-USER> (defun f (x y functions)
           (labels ((rec (functions acc)
                      (cond ((null functions) acc)
                            (t (rec (cdr functions)
                                    (cons (funcall (car functions) x y)
                                          acc))))))
             (nreverse (rec functions (list)))))
F
CL-USER> (f 6 2 (list #'+ #'- #'+ #'/ #'* #'+))
(8 4 8 3 12 8)
CL-USER> (defun f (x y functions)
           (flet ((stepper (function result)
                    (cons (funcall function x y) result)))
             (reduce #'stepper functions :from-end t :initial-value '())))
F
CL-USER> (f 6 2 (list #'+ #'- #'+ #'/ #'* #'+))
(8 4 8 3 12 8)

And so on.

The first two are readable, the third one is probably how a rookie in a first Lisp course would do it, the fourth one is still the rookie, after he heard about tail call optimization, the fifth one is written by an under cover Haskeller.