Bash：读取文件并移至子目录

Question

I have around 1000 files (png) and need to move them into the corresponding directory and their sub-directory.

I do have 26 directories (A - Z) and below each directory the complete alphabet AZ again. File names are 6 characters/digits long and have a png extension, egeg AH2BC0.png

I would need to move the file AH2BC0.png into the directory A and within that directory into the sub-directory H, egA->H->AH2BC0.png.

I have created following script which is not really working as expected:

#!/bin/bash
ls >LISTE.txt
for i in LISTE.txt; do
a=$(cat $i | cut -b 1 | tr '[:lower:]' '[:upper:]')
b=$(cat $i | cut -b 2 | tr '[:lower:]' '[:upper:]')
mkdir -p $a/$b
cat $i | xargs mv $a/$b
rm $i
done

Problem is that a) the sub-directory is not created and b) the files are not moved. Any suggestions or better ideas for the script?

Thanks

PS: I guess it's obvious that it's quite some years ago that I have created any bash scripts or coded so please bear with me. PSS: working on MAC OSX bash 3.2

Answer 1

#!/bin/bash
for item in *; do
    first=${item:0:1}
    second=${item:1:1}

    folder="$first/$second"
    mkdir -p $folder
    mv $item $folder/
done

Answer 2

There's already a post showing a better program to do what you want but I thought I'd show you how to fix yours. Hopefully you'll find it informative.

#!/bin/bash
ls >LISTE.txt
for i in LISTE.txt; do

This loops over the single value LISTE.txt; replace it with:

for i in $(cat LISTE.txt); do

to loop over the contents of the file instead.

    a=$(cat $i | cut -b 1 | tr '[:lower:]' '[:upper:]')
    b=$(cat $i | cut -b 2 | tr '[:lower:]' '[:upper:]')

You want to use echo rather than cat in the above two lines, as you're after the name of the file not its content.

    mkdir -p $a/$b
    cat $i | xargs mv $a/$b

I don't think the above line does what you think it does... It will attempt to rename the $a/$b directory to C, where C is the content of file $i. Replace it with:

    mv $i $a/$b

The following line is not needed:

    rm $i

So simply delete it. It would only be necessary if you copied rather than moved the files using mv .

done

Here's your complete program after the changes I've suggested.

#!/bin/bash
ls >LISTE.txt
for i in $(cat LISTE.txt); do
    a=$(echo $i | cut -b 1 | tr '[:lower:]' '[:upper:]')
    b=$(echo $i | cut -b 2 | tr '[:lower:]' '[:upper:]')
    mkdir -p $a/$b
    mv $i $a/$b
done