Microsoft.Speech.dll中发生类型'System.FormatException'的未处理的异常

Question

I have just tried to use custom pronunciation using a PLS lexicon from thr link http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh378403(v=office.14).aspx . My .pls file is as following

Additional information : The lexicon data is invalid or corrupted.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<lexicon version="1.0" 
  xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/01/pronunciation-lexicon"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.w3.org/2005/01/pronunciation-lexicon 
  http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/CR-pronunciation-lexicon-20071212/pls.xsd"
  alphabet="x-microsoft-ups" xml:lang="en-US">

    <lexeme>
        <grapheme> scale </grapheme>
        <phoneme> S K A L E </phoneme>
    </lexeme>
</lexicon>

and my grammar file is as pronunciation.grxml


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<grammar 
    version="1.0" 
    xml:lang="en-US" 
    root="colors" 
    sapi:alphabet="x-microsoft-ups" 
    xmlns:sapi="http://schemas.microsoft.com/Speech/2002/06/SRGSExtensions" 
    xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/06/grammar" tag-format="semantics/1.0" >

  <lexicon uri="C:\Users\sony vaio\Documents\Visual Studio 2012\Projects\ConsoleApplication5\ConsoleApplication5\bin\Debug\Blue.pls" type="application/vdn.ms-sapi-lex"/>

  <rule id="colors" scope="public">
      <one-of>  
        <item> scale </item>
      </one-of>
  </rule>

</grammar>

and my c# program is

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.IO;
using System.Xml;
using Microsoft.Speech;
using Microsoft.Speech.Recognition;
using Microsoft.Speech.Recognition.SrgsGrammar;

namespace ConsoleApplication5
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {

            using (SpeechRecognitionEngine recognizer = new SpeechRecognitionEngine(new System.Globalization.CultureInfo("en-US")))
            {

                String currDirPath = Environment.CurrentDirectory;

                string xmlGrammar = currDirPath + "\\pronunciation.grxml";
                string cfgGrammar = currDirPath + "\\pronunciation.cfg";
                FileStream fs = new FileStream(cfgGrammar, FileMode.Create);
                XmlReader reader = XmlReader.Create(xmlGrammar);

                //compile the grammar *.grxml to *.cfg file.
                SrgsGrammarCompiler.Compile(reader, (Stream)fs);
                fs.Close();
                Grammar g = new Grammar(cfgGrammar, "colors");
                Console.WriteLine(currDirPath+cfgGrammar);

                recognizer.LoadGrammarAsync(g);

                // Add a handler for the speech recognized event.
                recognizer.SpeechRecognized += new EventHandler<SpeechRecognizedEventArgs>(recognizer_SpeechRecognized);
                // Configure the input to the speech recognizer.
                recognizer.SetInputToDefaultAudioDevice();

                // Start asynchronous, continuous speech recognition.
                recognizer.RecognizeAsync(RecognizeMode.Multiple);

                // Keep the console window open.
                while (true)
                {
                    Console.ReadLine();
                }
            }
        }

        // speech recognised event handler

        static void recognizer_SpeechRecognized(object sender, SpeechRecognizedEventArgs e)
        {
            string lines = e.Result.Text;
            Console.WriteLine("Speak loudly");
            Console.WriteLine("Recognized text: " + e.Result.Text);
            Console.WriteLine("semantic value: " + e.Result.Semantics.Value.ToString());
       }
}

but whenever I try to compile it and use it for recognisig "scale" it always shows that "An unhandled exception of type 'System.FormatException' occurred in Microsoft.Speech.dll Additional information: The lexicon data is invalid or corrupted. "

Although when inline pronunciation is used it works but the pronunciation in external link doesn't seems to work. Is there any workaround? Any help would be appreciated. Please.

Answer 1

Moving the code above from Microsoft.Speech.Recogonition to System.Speech.Recognition fixes the issue with the format exception above.

As to why Microsoft.Speech.Recognition is throwing the error, I am not sure. I do know that the official W3C spec does officially support a lexicon tag in the xml file (although Microsoft has very specific rules as to where the lexicon tag is supposed to be located this appears to be correct):

http://www.w3.org/TR/speech-grammar/#S4.10

Lexicon: The grammar format does not address the loading of lexicons or the pronunciation of words referenced by the grammar. The W3C Voice Browser Working Group is considering the development of a standard lexicon format. If and when a format is developed appropriate updates will be made to this grammar specification.

The actual spec for the lexicon format is not completed yet:

http://www.w3.org/TR/lexicon-reqs/#pronun

In summary if Microsofts own example linked here does not work this appears to be a bug. Especially if all you did to fix the format exception is to change from Microsoft.Speech to System.Speech.