制作控制台进度条？ （视窗）

Question

So I have a function (or rather, I'll turn it into a function later) to make a random % progress in a console window; like this:

#include <iostream>
#include <time.h>
#include <cmath>
#include <windows.h>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    srand(time(0));
    int x = 0;

    for(int i = 0; i<100; i++){
        int r = rand() % 1000;
        x++;
        cout << "\r" << x << "% completed." << flush;
        if(i < 43){
           Sleep(r/6);
        }else if(i > 43 && i < 74){
           Sleep(r/8);
        }else if(i < 98){
           Sleep(r/5);
        }else if(i > 97 && i != 99){
           Sleep(2000);
        }
    }

    cout << endl << endl << "Operation completed successfully.\n" << flush;
    return 0;
}

The thing is, I want the output to be like this:

1% completed

|

(later...)

25% completed

|||||||||||||||||||||||||

How can I do that?

Thanks in advance!

Answer 1

Printing character '\\r' is useful. It puts the cursor at the beginning of the line.

Since you can not access to previous line anymore, you can have something like this:

25% completed: ||||||||||||||||||

After each iteration:

int X;

...

std::cout << "\r" << percent << "% completed: ";

std::cout << std::string(X, '|');

std::cout.flush();

Also, you can use: Portable text based console manipulator

Answer 2

I think this looks better:

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <time.h>
#include <cmath>
#include <windows.h>
#include <string>

using namespace std;
string printProg(int);

int main()
{
    srand(time(0));
    int x = 0;
    cout << "Working ..." << endl;
    for(int i = 0; i<100; i++){
        int r = rand() % 1000;
        x++;
        cout << "\r" << setw(-20) << printProg(x) << " " << x << "% completed." << flush;
        if(i < 43){
           Sleep(r/6);
        }else if(i > 43 && i < 74){
           Sleep(r/8);
        }else if(i < 98){
           Sleep(r/5);
        }else if(i > 97 && i != 99){
           Sleep(1000);
        }
    }

    cout << endl << endl << "Operation completed successfully.\n" << flush;
    return 0;
}

string printProg(int x){
    string s;
    s="[";
    for (int i=1;i<=(100/2);i++){
        if (i<=(x/2) || x==100)
            s+="=";
        else if (i==(x/2))
            s+=">";
        else
            s+=" ";
    }

    s+="]";
    return s;
}

Answer 3

Use graphics.h or use more advanced WinBGI library. Download it and place the library files and the graphics.h file in appropriate locations in your project. Then just use the function named gotoxy(int x, int y) where x and y are in character places(not pixels) Consider your console window in the 4th quadrant of a Cartesian 2D axes system. But x and y starts typically from 1 upto n(depending on the size of the console window). You just have to clear the screen each time progress happens like this

    system("cls");   

as cls is the command for this in case of windows. Otherwise for linux/Mac use

    system("clear");

Now this function is in stdlib.h header. After that you can easily update the progress bar and write anywhere in it. But the progress bar you are using is discontinuous. There is more efficient way is to use

# Print iterations progress
def printProgressBar (iteration, total, prefix = '', suffix = '', decimals = 1, length = 100, fill = '█'):
    """
    Call in a loop to create terminal progress bar
    @params:
        iteration   - Required  : current iteration (Int)
        total       - Required  : total iterations (Int)
        prefix      - Optional  : prefix string (Str)
        suffix      - Optional  : suffix string (Str)
        decimals    - Optional  : positive number of decimals in percent complete (Int)
        length      - Optional  : character length of bar (Int)
        fill        - Optional  : bar fill character (Str)
    """
    percent = ("{0:." + str(decimals) + "f}").format(100 * (iteration / float(total)))
    filledLength = int(length * iteration // total)
    bar = fill * filledLength + '-' * (length - filledLength)
    print('\r%s |%s| %s%% %s' % (prefix, bar, percent, suffix), end = '\r')
    # Print New Line on Complete
    if iteration == total: 
        print()

# 
# Sample Usage
# 

from time import sleep

# A List of Items
items = list(range(0, 57))
l = len(items)

# Initial call to print 0% progress
printProgressBar(0, l, prefix = 'Progress:', suffix = 'Complete', length = 50)
for i, item in enumerate(items):
    # Do stuff...
    sleep(0.1)
    # Update Progress Bar
    printProgressBar(i + 1, l, prefix = 'Progress:', suffix = 'Complete', length = 50)

# Sample Output
Progress: |█████████████████████████████████████████████-----| 90.0% Complete