搜索并替换为VIM上的字段

Question

I want to search for a string and replace with a second string that was contained in the first one. For example I have the following lines

    key1: foo
    key2: bar

My regex that maches this lines the way I want is:

^\s\+\w:.\+

I want to replace the whole lines by something like:

foo -> key1
bar -> key2

How can I do it?

Answer 1

Vim uses \\1 \\2 etc as back references, so you ought to be able to use:

:%s/^\s\+\(\w\+\): \(\w\+\)/\2 -> \1/g

Breakdown:

• ^\\s\\+ : one or more spaces at the start of the string. Use * if there may be zero
• \\(\\w\\+\\) : Capture group of word characters into \\1
• : Literal colon and space
• \\(\\w\\+\\) : Another capture group for the second pair
• /\\2 -> \\1/ Replacement with back references. Eliminates the leading whitespace, and swaps the two groups

(here's the \\v very magic version which will look a lot nicer and avoid tons of meta-character escaping):

:%s/\v\s+(\w+): (\w+)/\2 -> \1/g

Answer 2

我想出了:s命令，

 %s/\v\s*([^:]*):\zs.*/\1/

Answer 3

Alternative to substitution

:%norm <<dWA -> ^]pbD

Note that ^] is obtained by pressing <cv><esc>