ttk 入口背景色

Question

How exactly do I change the background colour of an Entry widget from ttk? What I have so far is:

        self.estyle = ttk.Style()
        self.estyle.configure("EntryStyle.TEntry", background='black')
        self.estyle.map("EntryStyle.TEntry",
                        foreground=[('disabled', 'yellow'),
                                    ('active', 'blue')],
                        background=[('disabled', 'magenta'),
                                    ('active', 'green')],
                        highlightcolor=[('focus', 'green'),
                                        ('!focus', 'red')])
        self.urlentry_v = StringVar()
        self.urlentry = ttk.Entry(self.input_frame, style="EntryStyle.TEntry",
                                  textvariable=self.urlentry_v)

Basically, I've changed everything I can think of, but the text entry remains stubbornly white.

Additionally, is there a way of changing the border colour?

Answer 1

I've figured it out, after a lot of digging. As hard as I had to search to figure this out, I suppose others would benefit from this:

The standard style applied to ttk.Entry simply doesn't take a fieldbackground option, which would be what changes the colour of the text entry field. The solution is this to create a new element that does respond to the option.

from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk

root_window = Tk()

estyle = ttk.Style()
estyle.element_create("plain.field", "from", "clam")
estyle.layout("EntryStyle.TEntry",
                   [('Entry.plain.field', {'children': [(
                       'Entry.background', {'children': [(
                           'Entry.padding', {'children': [(
                               'Entry.textarea', {'sticky': 'nswe'})],
                      'sticky': 'nswe'})], 'sticky': 'nswe'})],
                      'border':'2', 'sticky': 'nswe'})])
estyle.configure("EntryStyle.TEntry",
                 background="green", 
                 foreground="grey",
                 fieldbackground="black")
entry_v = StringVar()
entry = ttk.Entry(root_window, style="EntryStyle.TEntry", textvariable=entry_v)
entry.pack(padx=10, pady=10)

Unfortunately, it appears that the only way to change the border colour is to either give it zero border width and nest it in a frame that acts as its border, or to define a new layout item that uses an image as a border.

Additionally, note that the only thing the background controls is the very tiny corner space; if you squint closely, you can see a single pixel of green in each corner.

To use an image as a border, you can do this:

img2 = PhotoImage("entryBorder", data="""
        R0lGODlhHQAdAOMNAAAAAAQGCAgLERkfLR0mODBFZTFFZTNIajtTezxTez1XgD5XgU
        Fch////////////ywAAAAAHQAdAAAEbHCQg5i9OGt0iFRaKGLKxBgCoK5s6woGc4Cp
        a9+AwFQM7ruYn1AVHP6KRhwyaVsyW87nKioFUKXXZ5a5TXaN32FYOD5eqsAzmlX2tZ
        XqNZGxYATkgAD9wCjUqgIFMgR1I4YZCx4TCYeGCR0DEQA7""")

oestyle = ttk.Style()
oestyle.element_create("blueborder", "image", "entryBorder",
                                   border=3, sticky="nsew")
oestyle.layout("OEntryStyle.TEntry",
               [('Entry.blueborder', {'children': [(
                   'Entry.padding', {'children': [(
                     'Entry.textarea', {'sticky': 'nswe'})],
                      'sticky': 'nswe'})], 'sticky': 'nswe'})])
oestyle.configure("OEntryStyle.TEntry",
                 background="black",
                  foreground="grey")
oentry_v = StringVar()
oentry = ttk.Entry(root_window, style="OEntryStyle.TEntry", textvariable=oentry_v)
oentry.pack(padx=10, pady=10)

The string of characters is generated by feeding an image of the borders I want as a gif to

import base64

with open('otherframeBorder.gif', 'rb') as f:
    encoded = base64.encodestring(f.read())
    print(encoded.decode('latin1'))

Answer 2

I liked your approach in using an image, but I think it's a tad tedious to go through the process of importing an image as a base64 encoded string when PhotoImage allows for creating images on the fly. I've expanded on the concept to make a class that handles making such an 'image' to use as a border, and it takes any arguments a regular ttk.Entry widget would. Note that I'm only able to test on Windows 10, but this should be platform independent.

from tkinter import ttk
import tkinter as tk

class BorderedEntry(ttk.Entry):
    def __init__(self, root, *args, bordercolor, borderthickness=1,
                 background='white', foreground='black', **kwargs):
        super().__init__(root, *args, **kwargs)
        # Styles must have unique image, element, and style names to create
        # multiple instances. winfo_id() is good enough
        e_id = self.winfo_id()
        img_name = 'entryBorder{}'.format(e_id)
        element_name = 'bordercolor{}'.format(e_id)
        style_name = 'bcEntry{}.TEntry'.format(e_id)
        width = self.winfo_reqwidth()
        height = self.winfo_reqheight()
        self.img = tk.PhotoImage(img_name, width=width, height=height)
        self.img.put(bordercolor, to=(0, 0, width, height))
        self.img.put(background, to=(borderthickness, borderthickness, width -
                     borderthickness, height - borderthickness))

        style = ttk.Style()
        style.element_create(element_name, 'image', img_name, sticky='nsew',
                             border=borderthickness)
        style.layout(style_name,
                     [('Entry.{}'.format(element_name), {'children': [(
                      'Entry.padding', {'children': [(
                          'Entry.textarea', {'sticky': 'nsew'})],
                          'sticky': 'nsew'})], 'sticky': 'nsew'})])
        style.configure(style_name, background=background,
                        foreground=foreground)
        self.config(style=style_name)

root = tk.Tk()
bentry_red = BorderedEntry(root, bordercolor='red')
bentry_blue = BorderedEntry(root, bordercolor='blue')
bentry_red.grid(row=0, column=0, pady=(0, 5))
bentry_blue.grid(row=1, column=0)
root.mainloop()

Answer 3

I have found simpler way to change Entry background color. Using:

fieldbackgroud="your_color"

entry_style = Style()

entry_style.configure('style.TEntry', 

            fieldbackground="black", 

            foreground="white"           

           )

e = Entry(root, width=80, style='style.TEntry', font='sans 15 bold')

e.focus_force()

e.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=4, padx=0, pady=0, sticky="nsew")

Answer 4

The code below works fine for me on an iMac with Python 3.3.2 and Tcl/Tk 8.5. Also works on a Mac G5 with Python 3.3.2 and Tcl/Tk 8.4. It does NOT work on Windows XP sp3 with Python 3.3.2 and Tcl/Tk 8.5. In the latter case, the entry background, as it did for you, remains stubbornly white.

Here's why it doesn't change colors in Windows. The example there is also in Tcl.

https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/comp.lang.tcl/RmbiFrTFCdw

I worked on your nonworking example a little, and it also works on my Mac, except that I get no response from "active" and "focus" in the map. Nothing happens there.

Some of this is still very mysterious to me. It looks like there is some help here:
http://wiki.tcl.tk/38127
http://wiki.tcl.tk/37973
but it's in Tcl and assumes some knowledge on the part of the viewer just to read it.

Here's my example that I mentioned at the beginning of this post:

from tkinter import *
from tkinter.ttk import *


class App(Frame):
    def __init__(self, parent):
        super().__init__(parent)
        s = Style()
        s.configure('Pink.TEntry', background='hot pink')
        self.e1 = Entry(self)
        print("Our entry is of type {}".format(type(self.e1)))
        b = Button(self, text="Switch Styles", command=self.switch)
        self.pink = False

        self.e1.pack()
        b.pack()

    def switch(self):
        if self.pink:
            print("going white", end="")
            self.e1["style"] = "TEntry"
        else:
            print("going pink", end="")
            self.e1["style"] = "Pink.TEntry"
        self.pink = not self.pink
        print("; style is now {}".format(self.e1["style"]))

root = Tk()
a = App(root)
a.pack()
root.mainloop()