Rails：在具有警告的子文件夹中组织模型：顶级由B :: A引用的常量A.

Question

Today I decided to reorganize big amount of user related models and I'm having a problem with it.

Before I had such structure:

app/models/user.rb
app/models/user_info.rb
app/models/user_file.rb
...

So I moved all user_ models to user subfolder like this:

app/models/user.rb
app/models/user/info.rb
app/models/user/file.rb
...

and changed their definitions to

class User::Info < ActiveRecord::Base
class User::File < ActiveRecord::Base
...

User model wasn't changed (except associations).

Everything works fine except User::File model. When i'm trying to access this model i get the following error:

warning: toplevel constant File referenced by User::File

and indeed it returns standard ruby File class.

What i'm doing wrong?

UPD1:

root# rails c
Loading development environment (Rails 3.2.13)
2.0.0p195 :001 > User::File
(irb):1: warning: toplevel constant File referenced by User::File
 => File
2.0.0p195 :002 > User::Info
 => User::Info(...)

UPD2:

2.0.0p195 :001 > User::SomeModel
NameError: uninitialized constant User::SomeModel
2.0.0p195 :002 > User::IO
(irb):2: warning: toplevel constant IO referenced by User::IO
 => IO 
2.0.0p195 :003 > User::Kernel
(irb):3: warning: toplevel constant Kernel referenced by User::Kernel
 => Kernel 

My app doesn't have any IO or Kernel classes, except ruby default.

UPD3:

# app/models/user.rb
class User < ActiveRecord::Base
  has_many :files, class_name: 'User::File'
  ..
end

# app/models/user/file.rb
class User::File < ActiveRecord::Base
  belongs_to :user
  # some validations, nothing serious
end

Answer 1

Update : This years Christmas present was the release of Ruby 2.5.0 with which this error won't happen anymore. With Ruby 2.5+ you will either get the constant you asked for or an error. For older Ruby versions read on:

Your User::File class is not loaded. You have to require it (eg in user.rb ).

The following happens when ruby/rails sees User::Info and evaluates it (simplified; only User is defined yet).

• check if User::Info is defined - it is not (yet)
• check if Info is defined - it is not (yet)
• uninitialized constant -> do rails magic to find the user/info.rb file and require it
• return User::Info

Now lets do it again for User::File

• check if User::File is defined - it is not (yet)
• check if File is defined - it is (because ruby has a built in File class)!
• produce a warning, because we've been asked for User::File but got ::File
• return ::File

We observe that the rails magic, that automatically requires files for (yet) unknown constants, does not work for User::File because File is not unknown.

Answer 2

Try referring to the class as User::File to distinguish it from regular ruby Files. You can use ::File to refer to those when it is ambiguous