Python：如何在消息框中获取输入框？

Question

I just realised I hadn't asked the user for their name at the start of the game. So I tried this code:

 Label(root, text="What is you name?").grid(row=0, column=0)
 e1 = self.Entry(root)
 e1.self.grid(row = 0, column=1)

But its not working.

How do I get a message box to pop up in the start of the game saying "Welcome to Math bubbles, what is your name?" The user then types in their name and presses ok. Another message box will pop up saying "Hello _ , press the start button to begin". I would like to save the users name so that in the Winner message box I could display their name as well

Answer 1

You can use the tkinter.simpledialog function askstring .

from tkinter.simpledialog import askstring
from tkinter.messagebox import showinfo
name = askstring('Name', 'What is your name?')
showinfo('Hello!', 'Hi, {}'.format(name))

Answer 2

您可以创建一个对话框作为modal对话框，然后放入一个输入框和一些按钮来处理它们内部的自定义对话框消息并显示它。

Answer 3

There are no messageboxes that have an entry. As their name suggests, messageboxes are meant to show messages, not receive input or act like mini GUI's.

Nevertheless, it is quite possible to do what you want. There are many ways to do it as well. I think the best would be like this:

from tkinter import *
import random
from tkinter.messagebox import showinfo

class BubbleFrame:
    ##############################################
    def __init__(self, root, name):
        self.name = name
    ###############################################
        root.title("Math Bubbles")
        self.bubbles = {}
        self.score = 0
        Button(root, text="Start", width=8, command=self.initialize_bubbles).pack()
        Button(root, text="Quit", width=8, command=quit).pack()
        self.canvas = Canvas(root, width=800, height=650, bg='#afeeee')
        self.canvas.create_text(400, 30, fill="darkblue", font="Times 20 italic bold", text="Click the bubbles that are multiples of two.")
        self.current_score = self.canvas.create_text(200, 60, fill="darkblue", font="Times 15 italic bold", text="Your score is: 0")
        self.canvas.pack()

    def initialize_bubbles(self):
        for each_no in range(1, 21):
            xval = random.randint(5, 765)
            yval = random.randint(5, 615)
            oval_id = self.canvas.create_oval(xval, yval, xval + 30, yval + 30,fill="#00ffff", outline="#00bfff", width=5, tags="bubble")
            text_id = self.canvas.create_text(xval + 15, yval + 15, text=each_no, tags="bubble")
            self.canvas.tag_bind("bubble", "<Button-1>", lambda x: self.click(x))
            self.bubbles[oval_id] = (xval, yval, 0, 0, each_no, text_id)

    def click(self, event):
        if self.canvas.find_withtag(CURRENT):
            item_uid = event.widget.find_closest(event.x, event.y)[0]
            is_even = False
            try:
                self.bubbles[item_uid]
            except KeyError:
                for key, value in self.bubbles.iteritems():
                    if item_uid == value[5]:
                        if value[4] % 2 == 0:
                            is_even = True
                        self.canvas.delete(key)
                        self.canvas.delete(item_uid)
            else:
                if self.bubbles[item_uid][4] % 2 == 0:
                    is_even = True
                self.canvas.delete(item_uid)
                self.canvas.delete(self.bubbles[item_uid][5])
            if is_even:
                self.score += 1
            else:
                self.score -= 1

            if self.score == 10:
                #########################################
                showinfo("Winner", "You won %s!" % self.name)
                #########################################

        self.canvas.delete(self.current_score)
        self.current_score = self.canvas.create_text(200, 60, fill="darkblue", font="Times 15 italic bold", text="Your score is: %s"%self.score)

    def loop(self, root):
        for oval_id, (x, y, dx, dy, each_no, text_id) in self.bubbles.items():
            dx += random.randint(-1, 1)
            dy += random.randint(-1, 1)
            dx, dy = max(-5, min(dx, 5)), max(-5, min(dy, 5))
            if not 0 < x < 770:
                dx = -dx
            if not 0 < y < 620:
                dy = -dy
            self.canvas.move(oval_id, dx, dy)
            self.canvas.move(text_id, dx, dy)
            self.bubbles[oval_id] = (x + dx, y + dy, dx, dy, each_no, text_id)
        root.after(100, self.loop, root)

if __name__ == "__main__":

    root = Tk()
    ###############################################################
    Label(root, text="Welcome to Math bubbles, what is your name?").pack()
    name = Entry(root)
    name.pack()
    def submit(name, root):
        root.destroy()
        root = Tk()
        Label(root, text="Hello %s, press the Start button to begin.\n" % name).pack()
        BubbleFrame(root, name).loop(root)
    Button(root, text="Ok", command=lambda: submit(name.get(), root)).pack()
    ######################################################################
    root.mainloop()

The code inside the comment boxes is what I changed. As you can see, my approach was to create a little GUI at startup that asks for a name. Once it gets it, it sends it to the main application and self-destructs.

Furthermore, adding the argument name to the __init__ method of BubbleFrame means that now I can do:

 self.name = name

and have the user's name as an attribute of BubbleFrame . Also, note that I did not use a Toplevel window. This is because, if I launched a Toplevel at startup, I would also generate a blank main window, and that looks bad. This approach is clean and the closest to what you want.